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Biomedical subjects

B Andersen

Publications and source records attributed to B Andersen.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Complications following postoperative combined radiation and chemotherapy in adenocarcinoma of the rectum and rectosigmoid. A randomized trial that failed.

A randomized multicenter trial was started to evaluate the effect of irradiation combined with 5-fluorouracil and methotrexate on survival after surgery for rectal and rectosigmoidal carcinoma, Dukes' stages B and C. The trial was terminated prematurely after entrance of 34 patients due to frequent and serious complications. Three patients died as a direct consequence of the adjuvant treatment.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Alteration in zonation of succinate dehydrogenase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose-6-phosphatase in regenerating rat liver.

Parenchymal activities (mumol . min-1 . g liver-1) and distributions of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase, cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and microsomal glucose-6-phosphatase were studied in regenerating rat liver after two thirds partial hepatectomy. Succinate dehydrogenase activity remained constant with a slight and transient increase for a few hours after operation. The typical periportal localization was changed to an almost even distribution from 8 h to 7 days; it was fully restored after 14 days. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity was increased by 1.8 fold 24 h after surgery; it remained enhanced until about 72 h. The normal periportal to perivenous enzyme gradient was diminished or replaced by a homogeneous distribution between 8 h and 7 days; the zonal heterogeneity was regained after 14 days. Glucose-6-phosphatase activity remained constant after partial hepatectomy. The normal periportal maximum was lost between 4 h and 36 h; the activity became more equally distributed and was even shifted towards the perivenous zone. After 48 h the zonal distribution was reestablished. The results indicate that after partial hepatectomy the gluconeogenic capacity of the liver remnant is increased and that this increase is accompanied by a loss of the normal heterogeneity which is typical for the glucostat function of the organ. They reveal in addition that the three enzymes, representing three different subcellular compartments, change their zonal heterogeneity individually rather than synchronously.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Systematic within-person variation in the bioavailability of various drugs in healthy volunteers.

The relative bioavailability of 22 registered pharmaceutical specialities compared to one or more generic equivalents was investigated in 50 human volunteers using randomized cross-over trials. The data were reassessed with regard to individual behaviour in different experiments and with different drugs. The pharmacokinetic behaviour (Cmax, Tmax, and AUCo-t) of the volunteers exhibited consistent patterns, which were not attributable to chance. It is concluded that the cross-over design is necessary in conducting relative bioavailability studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Plasma levels of neurotensin in gastroplasty for morbid obesity.

Fasting and postprandial plasma levels of the tridecapeptide neurotensin were determined in ten women before and three months after gastroplasty for morbid obesity. Measurements were by radioimmunoassay in unextracted plasma with two antisera recognizing intact neurotensin (NT1-13) or intact neurotensin together with small C-terminal fragments, which may circulate as metabolites of neurotensin. Levels of both intact neurotensin and C-terminal immunoreactivity in obese women were in the same order of magnitude as those found previously in lean persons. Fasting levels measured with both antisera were significantly reduced following gastroplasty (P less than 0.01). Meal-stimulated levels and increments were unchanged. The cause of this prolonged reduction is at present unknown, but may be a reduced luminal stimulation of the small intestine or an altered vagal tonus following gastroplasty.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Plasma secretin before and after gastroplasty for morbid obesity.

Fasting and postprandial plasma secretin levels were measured in 11 patients before and 3 months after gastroplasty for morbid obesity. Ingestion of a meal significantly increased plasma secretin both before and after gastroplasty (P less than 0.05). After gastroplasty there was an additional but insignificant increase in postprandial plasma secretin. Secretin has evidently no major role in the development of early satiety after gastroplasty and the lack of significantly changed secretin levels after operation indicates an unchanged intraduodenal pH.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Serum gastrin and blood glucose levels in gastroplasty for morbid obesity.

Fasting and meal-stimulated serum gastrin and glucose levels were measured in 11 patients before and 3 months after gastroplasty for morbid obesity. Overall blood glucose levels were significantly reduced after surgery (P less than 0.05), whereas the response to a meal was not influenced to any significant degree (P greater than 0.10). The fasting serum gastrin level was not significantly influenced by gastroplasty (P greater than 0.10). Postprandial serum gastrin increased significantly independent of gastroplasty (P less than 0.001). The presence of a marginally significant (0.10 greater than P greater than 0.05) interaction between postprandial gastrin levels and operation raises the possibility that gastroplasty additionally increases the postprandial serum gastrin level.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Heparin with and without dihydroergotamine in prevention of thromboembolic complications of major abdominal surgery. A randomized trial.

We compared the results of dihydroergotamine mesylate administered with low-dose heparin sodium with those of low-dose heparin given alone in a randomized trial based on 181 patients who underwent major abdominal surgery. We found no significant difference in the incidence of thromboembolism between the two groups but a higher incidence of abnormal fibrinogen uptake test results in patients given heparin alone. There was no difference in hemoglobin levels and the number of blood transfusions. We concluded that there is little, if any, clinical advantage in adding dihydroergotamine to low-dose heparin to prevent thromboembolic complications in patients who have undergone major abdominal surgery.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1983

Intestinal adaptation after jejunoileal bypass for morbid obesity: a possible explanation for inadequate weight loss.

Thirty-two patients required further abdominal operations 6-77 months after jejunoileal bypass for morbid obesity. Twenty operations were needed because of inadequate weight loss, while the remaining 12 patients had lost sufficient weight but had developed complications. In all 32 patients the lengths of functioning jejunum and ileum were measured and compared with those recorded during the original operation; elongation had occurred in 29. There was a striking difference between the median increase in jejunoileal length of 44 per cent when weight loss was inadequate and 7 per cent when weight loss was adequate (P less than 0.01). Similarly, intestinal circumference and mural thickness were greater in the first group. There appears to be a relationship between intestinal adaptation and the extent of weight loss after jejunoileal bypass.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1983

Gut and pancreatic hormones after jejunoileal bypass with 3:1 or 1:3 jejunoileal ratio.

The aim of the study was to elucidate the differential role of the jejunum and ileum in the regulation of secretion of the gut hormones, gastrin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, and enteroglucagon, and the pancreatic hormones, insulin, glucagon, and pancreatic polypeptide, in man. We measured the plasma levels of the hormones (and glucose) during fasting and after a test meal in 34 obese patients, of whom 5 were waiting for bypass surgery and 29 had had a jejunoileal bypass with a 3:1 or 1:3 jejunoileal ratio between the functioning segments 3, 9, or 15 months earlier. The major findings were that surgery bypass (1) has no important influence on the levels of gastrin and pancreatic polypeptide, (2) reduces the level of gastric inhibitory polypeptide, insulin (and glucose), and enhances the pancreatic glucagon level, independently of the jejunoileal ratio, and (3) increases enteroglucagon secretion, most effectively so with a short jejunal and long ileal segment left in continuity. These findings suggest that the upper jejunum and terminal ileum has no important role in regulation of secretion of these hormones apart from that in secretion in enteroglucagon which is related to the length of functioning ileum.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Perinatal development of the distributions of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and succinate dehydrogenase in rat liver parenchyma.

Parenchymal distributions and activities of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase and cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxy-kinase were studied during perinatal development of rat liver. 1. Succinate dehydrogenase activity increased almost linearly from day 5 before to day 5 after birth. Hepatocytes with higher enzyme activities were disseminated heterogeneously, zonal heterogeneity developed during the second week. 2. Cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase was not detectable before birth; it was induced to high levels during day 1 and increased further to a maximum during days 5 to 10. It decreased again to adult levels at the end of the third week. The enzyme distribution already showed signs of a zonal heterogeneity at day 1, which became fully developed during the second week. The results indicate that the zonal heterogeneity typical of adult liver was established for the two enzymes during the second week of life. They revealed in addition that the two enzymes, representing two different subcellular compartments, had an individual development towards the zonal heterogeneity.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Precision in measuring shunt length in jejunoileostomy for morbid obesity.

We performed a prospective assessment of intraoperative precision in determination of shunt length in 138 patients. The variations were slight and of the same order of magnitude in the jejunum and ileum. Precision in per cent of measured length was independent of the actual length and of the surgeons who performed the operations. The results indicate that factors other than error in the measurements are responsible for variations in weight loss after jejunoileostomy.

Body Weight↗