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Biomedical subjects

A Yates

Publications and source records attributed to A Yates.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

The successful surgical repair of a ruptured interventricular septum following a myocardial infarct in an 89 year old man.

This case report describes the successful repair of an acquired ventricular septal defect following an anterior full thickness myocardial infarct in an 89 year old man. Four months after the infarct the patient was in severe congestive cardiac failure (NYHA Class IV), despite medical treatment, with signs of a ventricular septal defect. This was confirmed by echodoppler and cardiac catheterization. Surgical repair of the ventricular septal defect was performed. He made an uncomplicated recovery and two and a half years later is well and active. We believe he is the oldest patient who has had this operation successfully.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Differentiating hypererotic states in the evaluation of sexual abuse.

When young children behave in a sexual manner, they may be suspected of having been sexually abused. However, this behavior may or may not indicate sexual abuse. Case studies suggest that nonsexually abused children can manifest an increase in erotic behavior on the basis of unusually intense but nonabusive sexual experiences or as part of a compulsion. When the sexual behavior is secondary to abuse, it can be related to posttraumatic stress disorder or intense and prolonged sexual experience.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Application of automated image analysis to demonstrate the correlation between ras p21 expression and severity of gliomas.

We found a direct correlation between increasing ras p21 protein immunopositivity and severity of human glioma using computer-assisted, digital-image processing to quantify the amount of p21 immunoreactive to the monoclonal antibody RAP-5. We determined that there was a significant difference in reactivity between glioblastoma multiformes and more-differentiated astrocytomas (experiment-wise error less than 0.05). This result confirmed the conclusions made on the same tumors using standard light microscopy and visual examination. Immunohistochemistry quantized by automated image analysis may be a useful adjunct to current histopathological strategies since it decreases assay subjectivity and variation.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

The use of anatomically correct dolls in the evaluation of sexually abused children.

There is confusion and controversy regarding the use of anatomically correct dolls in the evaluation of allegedly sexually abused children. Studies indicate that there is a significant difference between the play behavior of sexually abused children and that of nonabused children when using anatomically correct dolls. Other research suggests that nonabused children are not threatened, sexually stimulated, or excited to aggression by exposure to anatomically correct dolls. These dolls can be used by trained professionals to help make conclusions about a child's background. However, the dolls cannot be used to prove or disprove abuse.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Current perspectives on the eating disorders: II. Treatment, outcome, and research directions.

In spite of increasing specificity in diagnosis and a growing appreciation of the neuroendocrinologic and physiologic changes that accompany and perpetuate anorexia and bulimia, a clear understanding of these disorders has not been established. Developmental defects stemming from the earliest interactions between child and parent seem likely in the majority of cases, but the character of the defects, factors that determine the individual's vulnerability, and the reasons for the election of an eating disorder rather than a depressive disorder or borderline personality disorder are not yet clear. Part II will present the therapy and outcome of the eating disorders and suggestions for future research.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1990

Inappropriate discharges by the implantable cardioverter defibrillator during postoperative testing: implications for intraoperative assessment.

Inappropriate shocks were delivered to a patient while in sinus rhythm by an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) during routine prehospital discharge testing. This was induced by the standard programmer when the "read" telemetry sequence was initiated. The ICD was removed and found to suffer from electrical artifact that was sensed as ventricular tachycardia during telemetry. To avoid inadvertent telemetry-induced shocks during routine testing, all ICDs should be interrogated, using a standard programmer, intraoperatively, with the unit in "defibrillation on" mode.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Intracranial trigeminal nerve rhabdomyoma/choristoma in a child: a case report and discussion of possible histogenesis.

Rhabdomyomas are rare tumors that usually arise within the heart, orocervical, or vulvovaginal regions. The cardiac tumors have a characteristic immature morphology, occur often in association with tuberous sclerosis, and are regarded as hamartomas rather than true neoplasms. The histogenesis of the extracardiac tumors and their true neoplastic nature are matters of controversy. We report the first case of a rhabdomyoma located inside the cranium. The intimate association with the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve, the normal embryogenesis of the craniofacial muscles, and animal homograft and xenograft experiments provide a framework for considering this tumor, and possibly other rhabdomyomas, as a choristoma/hamartoma rather than a true neoplasm.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1989

Typical patterns in atypical anorexia nervosa.

Only a few published accounts describe atypical anorexia nervosa. To provide more information about this eating-disorder subtype, 15 patients (12 females, 3 males) with atypical anorexia nervosa were studied. In general, the 12 female patients were characterized by 1) older age at onset and presentation, 2) recurring bouts of depression, 3) numerous somatic complaints, 4) unmet dependency needs, and 5) little evidence of distortion in body image. The three male patients were characterized by a younger age at onset compared to the females, and in many ways they resembled young female anorexics or bulimic anorexics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Current perspectives on the eating disorders: I. History, psychological and biological aspects.

An ongoing, major effort in psychiatry throughout the 1980s has been the study of anorexia and bulimia. In spite of ample effort on the part of researchers and clinicians, the etiology of these disorders remains elusive. Because of the multiple biological, sociocultural, and psychological forces involved and the early genesis of the disorder, an understanding of the eating disorders is tantamount to an appreciation of the developmental process itself. Part I of this paper presents a historical view of the eating disorders and reviews recent progress in classification criteria, epidemiology, biology, psychology, developmental, and analytic theory. Part II will focus on treatment, outcome, and research priorities.

Europe↗
PubMed1989

Vitamin D metabolism in myeloma.

We measured serum concentrations of vitamin D metabolites in 27 patients with myeloma, 16 of whom were hypercalcaemic. Serum values were compared with values from normal controls. Serum concentrations of calcitriol (1.25-dihydroxyvitamin D; 1.25(OH)2D3) were decreased in both hyper- and normocalcaemic patients, but more markedly so in hypercalcaemia. These findings were not solely due to impaired renal function nor due to an inadequate supply of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and in hypercalcaemic patients were reversed by diphosphonate treatment. We conclude that hypercalcaemia in myeloma is not mediated by abnormalities in vitamin D metabolism. Decreased serum concentrations of 1.25(OH)2D3 may adversely affect both skeletal and tumour metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Preschool children's erroneous allegations of sexual molestation.

Occasionally, a preschool child may erroneously accuse a parent of molestation. When this occurs, the child usually believes that his or her story is correct. A false accusation can be made when an adult has persuaded a child that the sexual events actually occurred, when a child in the oedipal stage has misinterpreted caregiving ministrations, when a child's thought processes are confused by primary process material, or when a child is secondarily involved in the projective identifications of a dominant caregiver. More than one of these mechanisms may operate in a given case.

Child Abuse, Sexual↗
PubMed1987

Pseudocyesis as the presenting symptom in an adolescent patient with an incipient thought disorder.

A case is presented of an adolescent girl whose initial psychotic event was the appearance of pseudocyesis, which was terminated by a delusional miscarriage. The delusion was initiated by amenorrhea, which was probably due to a persistent luteal cyst and was perpetuated by the patient's underlying thought disorder. This case supports the somatopsychic hypothesis that pseudocyesis can be initiated by a coincidental physiologic change in a susceptible individual. Physicians must consider a psychotic delusional state in the etiology of pseudocyesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of the induction characteristics of thiopentone and propofol in children.

The induction characteristics of propofol 2.0-2.5 mg kg-1 were compared with those of thiopentone 4-5 mg kg-1 in 60 fit children aged between 3 and 16 yr. All patients received i.m. premedication with papaveretum 0.4 mg kg-1 (maximum dose 15 mg) and hyoscine 0.008 mg kg-1 (maximum dose 0.3 mg). Seven children (24%) complained of pain after injection with propofol, compared with three (10%) after thiopentone. No child in either group complained of severe pain. Excitatory effects were observed in 10 children (33%) receiving propofol as opposed to five children (16%) after thiopentone, but these were transient and minor and all occurred after completion of injection. Apnoea lasting longer than 30 s occurred in only four children (13%) in each group despite the use of opioid premedication. The mean duration of apnoea was similar in both groups. Propofol caused greater decreases in arterial pressures (systolic, diastolic, mean) than thiopentone, but only the difference in systolic arterial pressure achieved significance. There was a significant difference in heart rate, which did not change after propofol, but increased with thiopentone. The overall quality of induction was assessed as being good in all children receiving thiopentone compared with 20 (66%) of those receiving propofol.

Adolescent↗