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Biomedical subjects

A Yamaguchi

Publications and source records attributed to A Yamaguchi.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Studies involving 11 cases of early gastric cancer with a widespread lymph node metastasis].

Over the past 10 years, we have experienced 11 cases of early gastric cancer limited to the mucosa and submucosa, with a widespread lymph node metastasis over the perigastric node. These cases represented 3.8% of all the early gastric cancer cases treated at our hospital during this period. The average age of these patients was 49.1 years, and consisted of 7 males and 4 females. Of these 11 cases, 10 cases (90.9%) were, macroscopically, the depressed type. Histologically, 7 cases (63.6%) were poorly differentiated carcinoma. Curative resections were possible in 8 cases (72.7%). The cumulative 5-year survival rate was poorer than for other types of early gastric cancer, and amounted to 66.7% in cases that were curative, and 0% for non-curative cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Correlation of epidermal growth factor receptor status and clinical outcome in gastric carcinoma].

Analysis of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was performed on 242 primary gastric carcinomas and the results correlated with histologic findings and S-phase fractions measured by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling. They were stained for EGFR by means of an indirect immunoperoxidase technique using a monoclonal antibody against the receptor. Seventy-six of these cancer tissues exhibited EGFR reactivities. All the cancer cell membranes were stained and sometimes the stroma were stained. These EGFR status were then compared on the basis of pathologic findings including macroscopic type, depth of invasion, differentiation type, vascular invasion and lymph node metastasis. Staining for EGFR in Borrmann's 3 or 4 type was significantly stronger than those in other macroscopic types. The staining for EGFR was closely related to the poorly differentiated type and frequent serosal involvement. BrdU labeling index was studied in 25 cases. These values were from 2.3% to 18.6%, with a mean of 10.4%. The mean BrdU labeling index of EGFR positive cases was 12.2%, of negative cases 7.6%, respectively. There was a good correlation between BrdU labeling index and EGFR status. In addition, There was a signifiCANT 8P less than 0.05) correlation between the presence of the EGFR and poor prognosis. However, EGFR status was not significantly correlated with the lymph node metastasis, vessel invasion and size of the tumors. These results indicate that demonstration of EGFR status may be useful in prognosis and this receptor may be a suitable target for therapy.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1988

[Malignancy in gastric carcinoma, with special reference to the DNA ploidy and proliferative activity].

Analysis of DNA ploidy patterns was performed on 129 primary gastric cancers and the results correlated with histologic findings and in vivo bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling. Forty-nine cases were diploid (38%) and 80 cases were aneuploid. There was no correlation between DNA ploidy and histologic type. In aneuploid cancers, incidence of lymphatic invasion, lymph node metastasis and rate of advanced cases were significantly higher than those in diploid tumors. During the follow-up period of 5-10 years, 23 of the 40 patients (55%) with aneuploid tumors died of disease within 3-120 months. Only 13 of the 36 patients (36%) with diploid tumors died of disease. The BrdU labeling indices (BrdU LI) were from 2.8% to 26.7%, with a mean of 10.4%. There was no correlation between BrdU LI and histologic type or stage. The mean BrdU LI of early cancers was 8.1%, of advanced cancers, 11.9%. BrdU LI of cancers with lymphatic invasion or lymph node metastasis was higher than those without them. The mean BrdU LI of diploid cancer was 6.0%, of aneuploid cancers, 11.9%. There was a good correlation between BrdU labeling indices and DNA ploidy patterns. These results indicate that determination of DNA ploidy patterns and growth fractions by BrdU labeling may be useful in the conjecture of prognosis of the patient and in the selection of patients from various modalities.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1988

[A case of disappearance of peritoneal dissemination in gastric cancer induced by continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion with cisplatin and mitomycin C].

A 58-year-old woman who had undergone subtotal gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer yielded massive ascites after 6 months. The cytology of ascites showing Class V indicated recurrence of peritoneal dissemination in the gastric cancer. Since laparotomy disclosed diffusely small tubercular seedings in all areas of the peritoneal cavity, she received continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion (CHPP) with 300 mg Cisplatin and 30 mg Mitomycin C. After CHPP ascites disappeared for 4 months. Macroscopically and microscopically, there was no cancerous lesion in the peritoneal cavity by following second-look operation. This result encouraged us to try therapeutic CHPP for overt peritoneal dissemination.

Ascitic Fluid↗
PubMed1988

Thrombin-induced membrane depolarization of platelets and its inhibition by cetiedil.

When 50 microM cetiedil alone was added to a platelet suspension, increase in Na+ content, decrease in K+ content, and depolarization of platelet membrane were observed without change in the intracellular concentration of free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]1) or in the morphology of platelets. The cetiedil-induced depolarization was attenuated by the reduction of extracellular sodium concentration, while sodium transport inhibitors such as procaine and tetrodotoxin failed to modify the depolarization. On the other hand, thrombin caused such changes in platelets as increases in Na+ content, 22Na space and [Ca2+]1, decrease in K+ content, and membrane depolarization. All these changes caused by thrombin were inhibited by cetiedil. It is suggested that cetiedil brought the increased ion transport and subsequent partial depolarization, which might lead to modification of the reaction of platelet membrane induced by thrombin.

Azepines↗
PubMed1988

[Treatment of primary gastric lymphoma and factors that influence the prognosis].

Twenty-two cases of primary gastric lymphoma have been clinicopathologically reviewed and factors influences the prognosis were examined. An increased tumor size of more than 10 cm, an increased tumoral penetration, a lymph node involvement, and stage IV classification decreased the survival rates. All patients given stage I classification have remained alive without having received chemotherapy. The survivors of stages III & IV amounted to only three patients who were treated by surgery and systemic chemotherapy. A radical operation is the choice of treatment for a gastric lymphoma but aggressive chemotherapy should be supplemented for advanced cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Expanding the surgical indication to the cases with high risk valve diseases].

Four hundred and fifty eight cases of valve surgery were performed at this institution over the past 7 years, during which the surgical indication has been gradually expanded to cases of three types. The first type is serious disease complicated by cardiac cachexia; in these cases, in addition to the aggressive use of IABP, we also use the intrapulmonary artery balloon pumping (IPBP) technique we developed. IVH therapy for two months before surgery has been especially effective and given good results to cases with low liver function and low respiratory function. The second type consists of cases necessitating special surgical technique, for example, cases with very narrow valvular annuli and cases complicated by acute endocarditis. Good results have been obtained in the former with a new technique that we developed, called "Coupling Valve Grafting", and in the latter with a technique of "Collared Prosthesis". The third type is elderly patients aged 70 years or more. In particular, the greatest problem now seems to lie in low liver function of which ICG (15 min) is higher than 40% and total serum bilirubin is over 3 mg/dl; in these cases, progression to MOF is frequent and the patient's life is saved in only 40% of cases.

Heart Valve Diseases↗
PubMed1988

A pharmacokinetic analysis of enterohepatic circulation of ursodeoxycholic acid, a drug with a high hepatic extraction but a small clearance.

Disposition profiles of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) were studied by using a radioimmunoassay measuring serum UDCA after the single i.v. and oral 50 mg dose in five healthy subjects and in five patients with chronic liver disease. The healthy subjects also received single oral doses of 25, 100 and 300 mg of UDCA in a random order. The fasting pre-treatment UDCA concentrations were frequently higher in patients compared with the overall range of values in healthy subjects. The post-treatment concentrations were much higher in patients than in healthy subjects receiving the same i.v. and oral doses. A dose-dependent increase in AUC and Cmax after the oral UDCA doses was observed in normal subjects. The mean UDCA clearance in normal subjects was estimated to be much smaller than that expected and was apparently incompatible with the reported value for the hepatic extraction ratio of UDCA. This discrepancy was explained by an enterohepatic circulation which exists even in the fasting condition. The relationship between the hepatic extraction ratio and a substantial magnitude of enterohepatic circulation was formulated by using two newly defined concepts, hepatic extraction clearance and single path recirculating fraction.

Administration, Oral↗