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Biomedical subjects

A Yamaguchi

Publications and source records attributed to A Yamaguchi.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[The determinant factors for open heart surgery with non-blood transfusion--analysis by quantitative theory class II].

The serious complications in the field of cardiovascular surgery are the blood transfusion related problems such as post transfusion hepatitis, AIDS, GVHD and immunosuppressed conditions. These problems have not been settled so far. In our department, open heart surgery with non-blood transfusion is the final goal and extracorporeal circulation with non-blood priming has been indicated under normal conditions. However depending on the cases, blood transfusion is definitely required. Under such circumstances, we analyzed the determinant factors as to whether open heart surgery with non-blood transfusion may be indicated or not, according to the formula based on the quantitative theory (class II). Extracorporeal circulation with non-blood priming were indicated on 124 patients in our department, and they were divided into two groups; blood transfusion group (group I): 64 patients, and non-blood transfusion group (group II): 60 patients. These two groups were compared for study in terms of age, preoperative weight, the body surface area, preoperative Ht value, calculated Ht value at the start of extracorporeal circulation, the aortic cross-clamping time, the total extracorporeal circulation time and total bleeding amount. The following are described in the order of importance. 1) Calculated Ht value: more than 30%. 2) The amount of blood loss after ECC is removed: less than 500 ml. 3) Preoperative body weight: more than 50 kg. 4) Preoperative Ht value: more than 40%. 5) The total ECC time: less than 90 min. In addition, prospective factors which should be considered preoperatively are determined in the following orders. 1) Calculated Ht value. 2) Preoperative Ht value. 3) Preoperative body weight.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1989

[CT of pulmonary eosinophilic granuloma].

CT findings of four cases of pulmonary eosinophilic Granuloma were discussed. In three cases, multiple nodular shadows or multiple cavitary lesions were observed in upper and middle lung field predominant. However, in one patient who had history of recurrent pneumothorax, CT revealed a honeycomb appearance and some bullous change as well. These findings seemed to represent a far advanced state of the disease. X-ray CT is excellent in demonstrating such pathological changes, and is indispensable in the diagnosis and follow up study of pulmonary eosinophilic granuloma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Sequential internal mammary-coronary artery bypass].

A total of ten patients have undergone sequential bypass grafting of the internal mammary artery (IMA) to the coronary arteries at Osaka Medical College. Operative procedures included left IMA bypass to the left anterior descending (LAD) artery and its major diagonal branch in six patients; to the obtuse marginal branch and diagonal branch in three patients; and to the first and the second diagonal branches in one patient. The right internal mammary artery was concomitantly utilized in 4 patients and saphenous vein graft was also utilized in 6 patients. Postoperative angiographic studies were performed in nine patients within 6 months after operation and in all 18 sites of IMA anastomoses, the IMA sequential grafts were patent. Since sequential IMA-coronary bypass technique means the increase of arterial graft, we believe that this technique should be used for multivessel coronary revascularization especially in younger patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Aortic dissection associated with percutaneous intra-aortic balloon pumping].

This is a case report of aortic dissection associated with percutaneous intraaortic balloon insertion, which was attempted for systolic unloading after repair of left ventricular rupture. But the hemodynamic condition gradually deteriorated in spite of IABP support and aortic dissection was suspected from the difference between monitoring pressures of bilateral radial arteries and balloon tip. The balloon was removed on the 3rd postoperative day, but the patient died from renal failure, liver dysfunction and D.I.C. on the 7th postoperative day. At postmortem examination, aortic dissection was found, which extended from left common iliac artery, all the way past right renal artery and ended just below origin of left subclavian artery. Therefore, acute renal failure was supposed to be followed by aortic dissection.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1989

[DNA ploidy pattern in diffuse infiltrating carcinomas of the stomach].

Analysis of DNA ploidy patterns was performed on 76 diffusely infiltrating carcinomas of the stomach and the results correlated with histologic findings and outcome. Twenty six cases were diploid (34%) and 50 cases were aneuploid. There was no correlation between DNA ploidy and histologic type, depth of invasion, lymphatic invasion, evidence of peritoneal dissemination or curability. In aneuploid tumors, incidence of vascular invasion was significantly higher than that in diploid tumors (p less than 0.05). In addition, the patients with aneuploid tumors had a poor prognosis than with diploid tumors. These results indicate that DNA ploidy patterns may possibly be a useful prognostic marker for diffusely infiltrating carcinomas of the stomach.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1989

[A comment on optimal shaped prosthesis for tricuspid valve using an experimental model].

The prosthesis for mitral valve has been in use instead of the prosthesis for tricuspid valve, since the latter prosthesis has not at present been available. In view of the shape of tricuspid valve, which is essentially flat in form, it is not good for replacing with the prosthesis for mitral valve which has an almost circular shape because of the difficulties in suturing, and many criticisms on this substitution have been raised. In order to obtain more suitable prosthesis as exactly benefits TVR, we have developed at first an instrument indicating the change of cardiac function occurring in the course of fixing the annulus of tricuspid valve that would undergo the difference in shape from circular to flat, using experimental models throughout, which has eventually led to the exploration of the possible exact shape of a prosthesis of the annulus for tricuspid valve. Our series of experiments proved as conclusion that the annulus of tricuspid valve is more advantageous when fixed with an ellipse of a flattened rate 1.6 compared with any circular ones tested. In view of the left ventricular stroke work, it is apparent that a prosthesis for mitral valve which is circular in shape should not be applied. We emphasize that a prosthesis for tricuspid valve which is ellipse in shape with desired flattened rate of 1.6 should be developed for our future applications.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Application of a large occlusion balloon catheter to re-do open heart surgery].

A very rare case having re-do open heart surgery four times during two years was reported. The case was 30 year-old-male complicated with aortitis syndrome and underwent mitral valve replacement because of infective endocarditis. But the prosthetic valve repeated detachment over and over again after first MVR in spite of complete treatment of steroid for aortitis syndrome. When fourth re-operation, it was easily expected that median sternotomy, cannulation and clamping would be difficult because of tough adhesion. So large occlusion balloon catheter was used to clamp the ascending aorta and operative field was exposed by left thoracotomy under femoro-femoral bypass. We could accomplish the operative procedure safely under "instrument free" operative field. Large occlusion balloon catheter is very useful for aortic clamping in case of not only reoperation but calcified aorta and so on.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Correlation of DNA ploidy and proliferative activity in human gastric cancer.

Analysis of DNA ploidy patterns was performed on 129 cases of primary gastric cancer and the results were correlated with histologic findings and in vivo bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling. Forty-nine cases were diploid (38%) and 80 cases were aneuploid (62%). There was no correlation between DNA ploidy and histologic type. In aneuploid tumors, incidence of lymphatic invasion, lymph node metastasis, and rate of advanced cases were significantly higher than those in diploid tumors. During the follow-up period of 5 to 10 years, 23 of 40 patients (55%) with aneuploid tumors died of disease within 3 to 120 months. Only 13 of 36 patients (36%) with diploid tumors died of disease. The BrdU labeling indices (BrdU LI) ranged from 2.8% to 26.7%, with a mean of 10.4%. There was no correlation between BrdU LI and histologic type or stage. The mean BrdU LI of early cancers was 8.1%. The mean BrdU LI of advanced cancers was 11.9%. The BrdU LI of cancers with lymphatic invasion or lymph node metastasis was higher than those without them. The mean BrdU LI of diploid cancers was 6.0%. The mean BrdU LI of aneuploid cancers was 11.9%. There was a good correlation between BrdU LI and DNA ploidy patterns. These results indicate that DNA ploidy patterns and BrdU LI may possibly be useful prognostic markers for gastric cancers.

Bromodeoxyuridine↗
PubMed1988

[The measurement of plasma-free testosterone in normal menstrual females, pregnant females, post menopausal females and vulvar dystrophy].

It is considered that plasma-free testosterone is a bioactive androgen in blood and is more reflective in androgenicity than plasma total testosterone. We measured plasma-free testosterone by dialyzable method in normal menstrual females, pregnant females, post menopausal females and vulvar dystrophy. The values of plasma total testosterone (T), fractional free testosterone (%FT) and plasma-free testosterone (free T) were 0.61 +/- 0.27 (mean +/- SD)ng/ml, 1.19 +/- 0.34% and 0.61 +/- 0.20 ng/kl in the follicular phase of normal menstrual females (n = 25), and 0.57 +/- 0.23 ng/ml, 1.29 +/- 0.46% and 0.56 +/- 0.35 ng/dl in the luteal phase of normal menstrual females (n = 24), respectively. The values in both phases showed no differences from each other. In post menopausal females (n = 18), the concentration of T (0.36 +/- 0.27 ng/ml) and free T (0.52 +/- 0.12 ng/dl) was significantly lower (T: P less than 0.01, free T: P less than 0.05) than that in normal menstrual females. However, %FT in post menopausal females (1.37 +/- 0.12%) was not different as compared with that in normal menstrual females. In pregnant females (n = 2) of second and third trimester, T (0.53 +/- 0.07 ng/ml) was not different as compared with that in normal menstrual females, but %FT (0.67 +/- 0.45%) and free T (0.33 +/- 0.23 ng/dl) were significantly lower (P less than 0.05) than in normal menstrual females. In vulvar dystrophy, lichen sclerosus (n = 19) and hyperplastic dystrophy without atypia (n = 12) were measured.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Receptors for calcitonin gene-related peptide on the rat liver plasma membranes.

Specific binding sites for calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were identified in the rat liver plasma membrane. The binding of 125I-[TyrO]rat CGRP to rat liver plasma membrane was time dependent, saturable and reversible. Scatchard analysis of the data revealed a single class of binding sites with apparent dissociation constant of 260.8 pM and a maximal binding capacity of 26.6 fmol/mg of protein. Rat, chick, and human CGRP and their synthetic analogues inhibited label binding in a dose-dependent manner with relative potencies as follows; chick greater than rat greater than human greater than [TyrO]rat CGRP. Salmon, human and [Asu1'7]eel calcitonin also inhibited label binding but only at higher concentrations. These results clearly indicate the presence of specific binding sites for CGRP in rat liver plasma membrane and suggest that CGRP has possible biological actions on the rat liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Regulation of in vivo immunological reactions by monoclonal antibody against lymphocyte activation antigen.

In vivo effects of a monoclonal antibody that recognizes rat lymphocyte activation antigen were studied. Spleen cells obtained from sheep red blood cell (SRBC)-immunized rats developed strong PFC response against SRBC. However, the 5C6-F4 treatment resulted in the inhibition of subsequent development of PFC response. The suppression of PFC response was due to the inhibition of generation of helper T cells, but not due to the preferential induction of suppressor cells. In addition, 5C6-F4 antibody was also found to inhibit the clinical expression of collagen-induced rat arthritis and the synovial inflammation in collagen-induced arthritis rats. Furthermore, the in vivo generation of cytotoxic cells against syngeneic tumor cells was also inhibited by 5C6-F4 antibody. The in vivo administration of 5C6-F4 antibody did not cause any pathological changes in brain, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Endotoxemia in patients who underwent ultrasonic lithotripsy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

The authors conducted limulus tests of assay blood endotoxin in order to study the fever which often develops after ultrasonic lithotripsy (USL) and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Assays of endotoxin were also conducted after transurethral resection (TUR) and other operations as a basis for comparison. Endotoxemia was observed in 18 among 28 patients (64.3%) who underwent USL, in 8 among 34 patients (23.5%) who underwent ESWL, in 1 among 14 patients (7.1%) who underwent TUR and in 1 among 11 patients (9.1%) who underwent other operations. The incidence of endotoxemia was significantly higher (p less than 0.01 by chi 2 test) in patients who had undergone USL than in those who had undergone ESWL, TUR or other operations.

Endotoxins↗
PubMed1988

Dual action of protein kinase C activation in the regulation of insulin release by muscarinic agonist from rat insulinoma cell line (RINr).

The role of protein kinase C in muscarinic agonist-induced insulin release from rat insulinoma cells was investigated. The dose-dependent stimulation of insulin secretion by carbamylcholine (carbachol) was associated with dose-dependent increase in the release of 3H-inositolphosphates from prelabeled rat insulinoma cell line (RINr) cells. After preincubation with 32P-orthophosphates, carbachol also evoked a rapid decrease in 32P-labeling of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphophate with concomitant increase in 32P-labeling of phosphatidic acid. Furthermore, carbachol significantly increased membrane-associated protein kinase C activity with a simultaneous decrease of its activity in cytosol. Although phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), a protein kinase C activator, also stimulated insulin release, insulin secretion induced by concomitant administration of carbachol and PDBu was clearly less than the level expected on the basis of an additive action. Moreover, PDBu significantly inhibited inositolphospholipid turnover stimulated by carbachol. Finally, PDBu inhibited the binding of 3H-scopolamine binding revealed that PDBu decreased the number of muscarinic receptors without altering its affinity. These findings suggest that activation of protein kinase C not only mediates muscarinic stimulation of insulin secretion from RINr cells but also operates a negative feedback mechanism in a signal transduction system, at least in part, via down-regulation of muscarinic receptors.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1988

Calcitonin gene-related peptide stimulates adenylate cyclase activation via a guanine nucleotide-dependent process in rat liver plasma membranes.

To evaluate the functional relationship between the liver calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor and guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, we investigated the effects of nucleotides not only on adenylate cyclase activation by CGRP, but also on 125I-[Tyr0]rat CGRP binding to rat liver plasma membranes. In the presence of GTP, rat CGRP stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in a dose-dependent manner in rat liver plasma membranes, and this effect was reduced in the absence of GTP. Salmon calcitonin also enhanced adenylate cyclase activation in the presence of GTP, but only in higher concentrations. On the other hand, guanine nucleotides not only decreased 125I-[Tyr0]rat CGRP binding to rat liver plasma membranes, but also accelerated the dissociation of label binding, and the removal of Mg2+ from incubation medium attenuated this inhibitory action of GTP on 125I-[Tyr0]rat CGRP binding to membranes. Scatchard analysis of the data revealed that the reduction of 125I-[Tyr0]rat CGRP binding by GTP was due to the decrease in binding affinity without a significant change in binding capacity. These findings lead us to conclude that binding of CGRP to its receptors activates adenylate cyclase in rat liver plasma membranes via a guanine nucleotide-dependent process, suggesting the involvement of guanine nucleotide-binding stimulatory protein in the action of CGRP.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1988

Osteoblastic cells are involved in osteoclast formation.

We developed a co-culture system with mouse spleen cells and osteoblastic cells to examine the role of osteoblasts in osteoclast formation. When mouse spleen cells and osteoblastic cells isolated from fetal mouse calvariae were co-cultured in the presence of 10 nM 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1 alpha,25(OH)2D3], numerous tartrate-resistant acid phosphate (TRACP)-positive mononuclear and multinucleated cells were formed within 8 days. Neither the same co-cultures without the vitamin nor separate cultures of either spleen cells or osteoblastic cells with the vitamin produced TRACP-positive cells. Salmon calcitonin (CT) markedly increased cAMP production in the co-cultures treated with 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3. Autoradiographic studies clearly demonstrated that [125I]-CT specifically bound to the TRACP-positive cells formed in the co-cultures with the vitamin. When spleen cells and osteoblastic cells were co-cultured on dentine slices in the presence of 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3, numerous resorption lacunae were formed on the slices. Neither co-cultures of alveolar macrophages and osteoblastic cells nor those of spleen cells and mouse skin-derived fibroblasts induced TRACP-positive cells even in the presence of 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3. When spleen cells and osteoblastic cells were cultured separately from each other by a membrane filter (0.45 micron), no TRACP-positive cells were formed. These results indicate that osteoblastic cells are required for the differentiation of osteoclast progenitors in splenic tissues into multinucleated osteoclasts.

Acid Phosphatase↗