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Biomedical subjects

A Yachi

Publications and source records attributed to A Yachi.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Pharmacological and clinical studies on lipiodol emulsion for hepatocellular carcinoma].

In an attempt to develop a selective long-acting chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma, lipiodol emulsion (Lp-Em) was prepared using non-ionic surfactant, poloxamer-188. A pharmacokinetic study of Adriamycin (ADM) was carried out according to the paddle method, and concentrations of ADM were measured with spectrophotometer at wave length 475 nm. The half time of ADM levels in Lp-Em were longer than that in lipiodol urografin suspension. Histological findings of chemical hepatocarcinogenic rat after their administration showed Lp-Em, lipiodol and ADM accumulations in hepatocellular carcinoma lesion. Transcatheter arterial embolization with Lp-Em containing 40 mg of ADM was performed in 6 patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. CT scan after treatments revealed high-density areas in the hepatocellular carcinoma lesion as the deposition of lipiodol. Serum concentrations of ADM were significantly lower in a patient treated with Lp-Em than with lipiodol urografin suspension. In conclusion, Lp-Em is thought to be useful for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Application of monoclonal antibodies to cancer therapy: idiotype mapping of monoclonal antibodies to tumor-associated antigens].

Polyclonal and monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibodies were prepared against several monoclonal antibodies which reacted with high molecular-weight melanoma-associated antigens. Idiotype mapping was proposed from the serological data obtained from these anti-idiotypic antibodies. This mapping will be of use for applying the anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibodies for cancer therapy.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

[Oncofetal proteins--new developments].

Adenocarcinoma-associated antigens which were newly detected by our monoclonal antibodies YH206 and MUSE 11 were characterized. The simultaneous determination of these novel antigens with CA19-9 was found useful for serodiagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Recently, the cDNAs corresponding to mRNA encoding a polypeptide of CEA were successfully cloned by Oikawa et al., and the amino acid sequence was determined. Topics on the research advance of the CEA gene family and carbohydrate structure of CEA molecule were reviewed. In addition, we have prepared anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibodies to anti-CEA specific MoAb, anti-YH206 MoAb as well as anti-melanoma MoAb. Clinical applications of these anti-idiotypic antibodies to serodiagnosis and new immunotherapy were discussed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Molecular forms of IgA produced by various lymphoid tissues--analysis using high speed liquid chromatography.

Molecular forms of immunoglobulin A (IgA) produced by cultured cells from various human lymphoid tissues were analyzed using high speed liquid chromatography (HLC). IgA secreted into culture media was easily separated into polymeric and monomeric forms by HLC. HLC has the advantages of high resolution, reproducibility, rapidity and technical simplicity in the separation of polymeric and monomeric IgA. Peripheral blood lymphocytes and cells from gut-associated lymphoid tissues, such as mesenteric lymph nodes or large bowel mucosa, secreted predominantly polymeric IgA, whereas lymphoid cells from bone marrow produced mainly monomeric IgA. Spleen cells and tonsillar cells produced nearly equal proportions of polymeric and monomeric IgA. These results suggest that with regard to IgA in serum, the polymer may originate from the gut-associated lymphoid tissues and the monomer may mostly derive from the bone marrow.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Changes in endocrine status in cancer patients and the effect of chemotherapy on endocrine functions].

Changes in serum growth hormone (GH) concentrations before and after TRH injection, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), L-dopa, CB-154 and LHRH administration were investigated in 78 gastric, 32 hepatocellular, 23 colonic, 20 pulmonary, 11 esophageal, 9 pancreatic and 9 other types of cancer patients. In addition, the effect of 5-FU or tegafur on thyroid function was studied in 39 gastric, 12 colonic, 8 hepatocellular, 5 pancreatic and 8 other types of cancer patients. The results obtained were as follows. 1) Paradoxical responses of growth hormones to TRH and OGTT were demonstrated in cancer patients, although normal increases in GH concentrations after L-dopa and CB-154 administration were shown. Incidences of GH response to TRH were significantly higher in female cancer patients than in male cancer patients, although there was no sex difference in the paradoxical responses of serum GH concentrations to OGTT. 2) After curative surgery, paradoxical responses of serum GH levels to TRH and OGTT were gradually diminished. Immunostaining of tumors using GH Ab was negative. Anti-tumor agents showed a stimulatory effect on the paradoxical response to OGTT. 4) More than 3 months after 5-FU or tegafur administration, significant elevations of serum T3, T4 and TBG concentrations were demonstrated in cancer patients, compared to pre-treatment values or those within 2 months after therapy, although there were no significant changes in serum thyroglobulin and TSH levels before and after therapy. In conclusion, tumor-dependent hypothalamic-pituitary changes were recognized in cancer patients. Long-term administration of 5-FU or tegafur caused elevations of serum T3 and T4 through high TBG concentrations.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Islet cell carcinoma associated with concurrent Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and Cushing's syndrome].

A tissue specimen taken from the pancreatic tumor of a patient suffering from Zollinger-Ellison syndrome associated with a concurrent Cushing's syndrome was investigated both morphologically and immunohistochemically. Histologically, the tumor cells were found to be arranged in a cord or ribbon pattern. An immunohistochemical study revealed that the tumor nodule contained both gastrin and ACTH. Further, double stainings of the same section disclosed that the same tumor nodule possessed both hormones simultaneously, thus confirming the concurrent presence of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and Cushing's syndrome. An electron micrograph of the tumor cell showed the presence of numerous endocrine-type granules in the cytoplasm. These findings substantiate the concurrent presence of the two characteristic clinical syndromes.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1987

A sandwich enzyme immunoassay of an adenocarcinoma-associated antigen, YH206, in cancer sera.

A sandwich enzyme immunoassay was established to measure an adenocarcinoma-associated antigen (antigen YH206) detected by monoclonal antibody YH206. Levels of antigen YH206 exceeding the cut-off value (25 U/ml) were found in the following percentages of 163 patients with various cancers: stomach cancer 37.2%, colon cancer 14.8%, pancreas cancer 43.3%, common bile duct cancer 28.6%. In contrast, only one out of 33 (3.0%) healthy donors and 7 of 104 (6.7%) patients with benign diseases had slightly elevated levels of the antigen. As regards the relationship between antigen YH206 levels and clinical stages, abnormally high levels of the antigen were found in the following percentages of 29 patients with stomach cancer: stage I 16.7%, II 0%, III 42.9% and IV 54.5%. Serial monitoring of antigen YH206 in two patients with cancer revealed that the level of the antigen increased as the disease progressed. It was also found that perchloric acid treatment of serum might be useful to decrease any false-positive reactions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Serological and immunohistochemical detection of a gastrointestinal cancer-associated asialoglycoprotein antigen of human with a murine monoclonal antibody.

A murine monoclonal antibody (mAb), NCC-AS 13 (IgM, kappa), was produced after immunization with ascites from a gastric cancer patient. In a sandwich enzyme immunoassay, NCC-AS 13 reacted with the sera from 32% of 58 gastric cancer patients, 44% of 9 hepatocellular cancer patients and 33% of 6 colorectal cancer patients. Immunohistological analysis showed NCC-AS 13 to react with approximately 90% of 51 gastric carcinomas, 12 out of 12 colon carcinomas and 3 out of 4 lung carcinomas. The NCC-AS 13 defined antigen was determined to be a carbohydrate without terminal sialic acid on macromolecular glycoproteins. This mAb NCC-AS 13, detecting a novel antigen associated with gastrointestinal cancers, may have potential uses for tumor immunoscintigraphy and for the therapy of gastric cancer patients.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗