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Biomedical subjects

A Windorfer

Publications and source records attributed to A Windorfer.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Spreading of tuberculosis].

Tuberculosis was spread from a 15-year-old girl, treated for pneumonia with antibiotics for months and not separated from school, with open disease to a further 77 children. A 2 1/2-year-old niece developed open perforating bronchial lymph node tuberculosis, 34 companions from school and sports developed closed active lymph node tuberculosis and 42 pupils showed suspect chest radiographs with positive tuberculin tests. All of them had to be treated. Contact investigations in more than 1000 children became necessary in 3 steps. One student with open tuberculosis was found as source for a further 5 infected persons found by contact assessments. Proper individual prophylaxis can only be assured by BCG immunisation preventing such spread (disposition prophylaxis). It should be done as extensively as possible in newborn infants and in tuberculin negative children prior to leaving school.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Serum theophylline levels in aminophyllin treatment in children].

Long-term treatment of childhood asthma with theophylline or theophylline ethylenediamine (Aminophyllin) preparations requires dosage according to the various age groups. In order to achieve therapeutically satisfactory concentrations, estimations of theophylline levels in serum showed that in cases of good correlation between Aminophyllin dosage and theophylline levels smaller children required higher Aminophyllin doses than big children or adults. The therapeutic range of theophylline is around 7 to 15 mg/l beyond the newborn age. In order to obtain these concentrations children from the 1st to the 4th year require Aminophyllin doses of 6 mg/kg t.i.d., children between 5 and 12 years 5.5 mg/kg t.i.d. and adults beyond the 50th year of life 3 to 3.5 mg/kg t.i.d. Generally the first dose should be higher and is 6-7 mg/kg or 6-6.5 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg, respectively. Regular estimations of serum theophylline levels greatly help to improve safety of long-term treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[On the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of paracetamol in suppositories for paediatry (author's transl)].

In a comparative study on the pharmacokinetics of two paracetamol suppository preparations (A = Kinder-Tylenol, B = reference compound as a commercial preparation), serum levels were determined in 10 healthy male volunteers between 23 and 32 years over 12 h at 11 measurement points. Aim of the trial was to examine the bioavailability, the absorption and elimination rate as well as the distribution volume for both preparations. After application of both suppository preparations the serum levels revealed that the absorption from prep. A was more than twice as fast (k1 = 0.762 h-1) as that from prep. B (k1 = 0.348 h-1), resulting in an obviously higher maximum blood level. The bioavailability values are also higher when prep. A is administered (123% versus prep. B).

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1981

[Chloramphenicol concentrations in serum and CSF in newborn infants and babies with bacterial meningitis (author's transl)].

Serum and CSF levels of chloramphenicol were determined repeatedly during the course of treatment in 24 premature and full term babies and infants with bacterial meningitis. Variations in chloramphenicol concentrations were caused in the premature babies by a small dose increase or by interaction with other drugs. In the fullterm newborn babies a higher dose could be given but even in these children the increase in concentration after small changes in dosage was marked. Chloramphenicol doses of 100 mg/kg daily could only be given after the sixth or eighth weeks of life. In the mature newborns and in the older babies inaccuracies in the administration of the drug may be a cause of marked variations of serum and CSF concentrations.

Chloramphenicol↗
PubMed1981

[A comparative pharmacokinetic study for tablet and suppository formulations of a combination product of caffeine, ethaverine, propyphenazone, paracetamol and phenobarbital (author's transl)].

After the single-dose application of Migräne-Kranit, a combination of caffeine, ethaverine, propyphenazone, paracetamol and phenobarbital, tablets and suppositories in six healthy male volunteers aged from 24 to 28 years, serum concentrations were determined. The estimated relative bioavailabilities of the single substances in the suppository formulation vary between 120% for propyphenazone and 83% for phenobarbital in comparison to the tablets. The lag-times and the absorption rates for the substances in both formulations differ significantly. The absorption rates for the substances in the tablet are faster than for those in the suppository. The estimates for the elimination rates show only small differences between the two formulations.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1980

[High incidence of tuberculosis in Bavaria].

The tuberculosis situation in Bavaria compared to that in other Federal States is unfavorable: incidence is the second highest, prevalence is in seventh place out of eleven states. An exact description of tuberculosis in the governmental districts as well as in cities and counties is given. The most unfavorable situation is in the eastern areas along the border to East Germany and Czechoslovakia, in prevalence also in Middle Frankonia. Altogether it is shown that in Bavaria all children are still endangered by tuberculosis. Proof of that is found in local epidemics, autopsy results, and old-age tuberculosis. For these reasons, the BCG vaccination, which is publicly recommended for infants and those endangered by tuberculosis, should be employed to a great extent as a "disposition prophylaxis".

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Effect of sodium valproate on mania. The GABA-hypothesis of affective disorders.

A possible antimanic property of the GABA-ergic anticonvulsant valproate was examined by use of a double-blind placebo-controlled ABA design in 5 acutely ill manic patients. In 4 cases a marked improvement was observed after valproate medication whereas one patient showed no response. Seven further patients with frequently recurrent episodes of a manic or maniform schizoaffective psychosis, irresponsive to lithium prophylaxis, were chronically treated with valproate in combination with low doses of lithium (one case only with valproate). Over an observation period of 1 1/2-3 years none of the patients exhibited a relapse. It is proposed that, in general, GABA-ergic anticonvulsants possess antimanic properties and that the specific antimanic effect of lithium is due to a GABA-ergic mode of action. The possible role of GABA-systems in affective disorders and in organic types of psychoses (e.g.,porphyria-psychosis, delirium tremens) is discussed on the basis of pharmacopsychiatric considerations.

Adolescent↗