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Biomedical subjects

A Werner

Publications and source records attributed to A Werner.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Characteristics of the specific cell-mediated immune response in human immunodeficiency virus infection.

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific lymphocyte proliferation response was determined for 40 persons at different stages of HIV infection. The specific response to purified HIV virion antigens from strain HTLV-IIIB was poor, occurred in only 9 of the 40 subjects, was not improved with the addition of interleukin-2, and was more frequent in symptom-free individuals (46%) than in patients with lymphadenopathy syndrome (10%). Reactivity to subcomponent p24 was better than that to whole HIV; reactivity was present in five of six infected persons and increased with the addition of exogenous interleukin-2. Reactivities to subcomponents (g)p41 and gp120 were also measured. This is the first evidence of a specific cell-mediated immune response to HIV antigen in HIV-infected persons. Monkeys immunized with purified HIV or with purified p24 displayed cellular immunoreactivity both to whole HIV and to subcomponents. In contrast to the poor reactivity to HIV antigen, the lymphocytes of the patients had good specific cell proliferation responses to cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus challenge and a normal response to the addition of phytohemagglutinin. The results suggest a functional defect in peripheral lymphocytes of some HIV-infected individuals on the basis of their response to whole HIV antigen and a better response to gag protein.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1987

Oocyte retrieval for in vitro fertilization.

Present methods to monitor follicular development, and to determine the time for oocyte retrieval are described: LH and estradiol determinations, ultrasonography. The two techniques, available for oocyte pick-up, namely laparoscopic and ultrasound guided follicle aspiration, are reviewed. The methods and results of the University of Bonn IVF team are discussed, e.g. ovarian stimulation schemes, including the use of pure FSH for patients with a high LH/FSH ratio, and the use of GnRH analogues, for patients with premature LH discharges; the reasons for failed oocyte retrieval; pregnancy rates.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1986

[Spontaneous course of LAV/HTLV-III infection. Follow-up of persons from AIDS-risk groups].

543 persons in AIDS risk groups were examined for LAV/HTLV-III infection. Antibodies against LAV/HTLV-III were demonstrated in 377, during an observation period of 3 months to 3 years. Patients were divided into 5 groups, according to clinical, serological and immunological criteria. Severity of symptoms and incidence of recurrences of the lymphadenopathy syndrome correlated positively with an increase in cellular immune deficiency. At the end of the observation period only 30 of 307 antibody-positive patients were well. The AIDS incidence of all antibody-positive patients increased with time from 3% (6-11 months) to 19.4% (24-36 months). If one takes into account only those patients who had marked immune deficiency (stage 2b) at the initial examination, the AIDS incidence during the same periods was 10 and 57%, respectively. At the same time, the condition worsened by at least one stage in half of all patients in stages 1b-2a observed for 1-2 years. A change of stage was observed in up to 80% of patients followed for longer periods. Long-time prognosis of LAV/HTLV-III infection is remarkably bad.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

Detection of antibodies to HTLV-III in commercially available immunoglobulin preparations.

Samples of 96 polyvalent and virus-specific immunoglobulin batches commercially available in West-Germany were tested by enzyme-linked immunoassay and immunoblot for the presence of anti-HTLV-III antibodies. 37% of the polyvalent and 87% of the virus-specific batches were positive. It was concluded that these preparations are still safe and because of their reportedly low titer neutralizing antibodies possibly beneficial in certain cases, such as newborns of HTLV-III positive mothers or after accidental exposure to infectious material in clinics or laboratories.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

Radiation hazards in a paediatric intensive care unit.

Radiation doses received by premature babies X-rayed in an ICU were measured. The average dose for a single exposure was 12 mrad to the sternum, 10 mrad to the neck and 2-2.2 mrad to the gonads. The average number of X-ray exposures was 26.9 with 2 children being in the 100 greater than range. Radiation hazards due to a maximum possible dose of 1 rad are discussed. The present series is compared with similar population groups exposed to low dose radiation. The possibility of an increased incidence of leukemia and thyroid carcinoma is considered.

Female↗
PubMed1986

[Significance of atypical hemorrhage in ovarian cancer].

UNLABELLED: In a retrospective study on 167 ovarian cancer patients the presenting symptom was defined via anamnesis. This parameter was correlated to others characterising the cancer and the patient: age, parity, menopause, stage, extent of operation, tumor residue, postoperative therapy, induction of remission and several morphological data. The prognostic significance was analysed using Hazard-models (Cox 1972, Carter 1983) and contingency tables. RESULTS: The presenting signs and symptoms were: atypical bleeding in 44 patients, pain in 75 patients and other signs in 48 patients. These signs and symptoms were significantly correlated with tumor residue, and were more frequently seen in mucinous and endometrioid carcinomas. There were no significant correlations to the other examined parameters, but there was a trend for patients with atypical bleedings to be diagnosed at early stages and their survival prognosis was significantly (p less than 0.01) better compared with that for patients with pain or other presenting signs or symptoms.

Female↗
PubMed1986

[Late complications of closed injuries of the extracranial carotid artery. Apropos of 2 cases].

Closed injury with lesions of the great vessels of the neck are rare and usually due to high energy mechanisms with severe secondary deficit. 2 cases are reported, concerning young patients with relatively mild injury, neurological deficit not developing before 6 months after the traumatism in the first case and 8 months in the second. At this stage, the neurological signs were immediately severe, with cerebral infarction, leading to death in the first case. Pathological lesion of lesion of pseudo-anevrismal type, localised at the right carotid and subclavian artery bifurcation, was evidenced in the first case. In the second case, a bilateral intimal lesion of the carotid arteries at C1 level is illustrated on angiography. The mechanism of these lesions as well as the delayed manifestation of neurological deficits are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Myelopathies in a context of generalized infection: myelitis or compression?].

Four patients with rapidly progressive tetraparesis in relation with skin or joint infection and septicemia are reviewed. Clinical signs of medullary compression was present in all cases, confirmed by neuroradiological examinations. However, all surgical approaches failed to demonstrate clear evidence of compression. Within three weeks, the neurological picture of severe tetraparesis had an excellent clinical evolution in all cases. One of the patients died after developing pulmonary complications: necropsy did not show any signs of compression. The difficulty of differential diagnosis between an infectious compressive surgical pathology and an inflammatory disease (acute transverse myelitis type) is emphasized, with review of literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Seroepidemiology of HTLV-III (LAV) in the Federal Republic of Germany.

In 1984 10,281 sera were collected in the FRG and examined for antibodies to HTLV-III (LAV) with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmative tests. Of the German AIDS patients 81% have antibodies. Individuals belonging to AIDS risk groups, homosexuals, haemophiliacs and i.v. drug abusers, have antibody frequencies between 25%-72%. The detection of HTLV-III antibodies in blood donors indicates that the virus is being transmitted by blood transfusions.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Reduced thoracic vertebrae metastases following post mastectomy parasternal irradiation.

A retrospective study of 118 women with breast cancer metastatic to bone is presented. All had originally received post mastectomy adjuvant radiation therapy for Stage II (T2 N0, T2 N1, T1 N1) infiltrating duct carcinoma of breast. Sixty-two women (group A) received a parasternal portal and 56 women (group B) did not. There was significantly less metastatic involvement of the mid-dorsal vertebrae D5-6-7-8, 13% in group A compared to 60% in group B. The mean time to diagnosis of metastatic disease was 33 months (group A) and 36 months (group B). The dose of radiation to the vertebrae through which the parasternal beam exited was estimated at between 1000-1600 rad over three to four weeks. This observation may have significant implications for the management of high risk operable breast cancer.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

Massive thymic hyperplasia in an infant with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.

We report the clinical and postmortem findings in a newborn with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and pulmonary hypoplasia. The infant was found to have a massively enlarged thymus gland that apparently caused pulmonary hypoplasia and respiratory insufficiency. Massive hyperplasia of the thymus gland should be considered in the differential diagnosis of respiratory distress in the Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1985

A kinetic model for the interaction of energy metabolism and osmotic states of human erythrocytes. Analysis of the stationary "in vivo" state and of time dependent variations under blood preservation conditions.

A model is presented which considers in a coherent way the energy metabolism, the membrane transport as well as the osmotic and electrostatic conditions of human erythrocytes. Particular attention is paid to the simulation of the system behaviour under blood preservation conditions as well as after transfusion of erythrocytes. The model considers the main glycolytic reactions, the active and passive transport of ions and the charges and osmotic actions of permeable and nonpermeable compounds. The glycolytic enzymes are characterized by realistic kinetic equations. Various non-stoichiometric regulatory couplings are taken into account. The passive transport of anions and cations is described by the Goldman-flux-equation. Mathematically, the system is described by 8 nonlinear differential equations for the concentrations of the glycolytic intermediates and ions, for the cell volume and the transmembrane potential. Further, various algebraic equations are taken into account which consider conservation conditions and equilibrium relations. The mathematical description is simplified by application of the quasi-steady state approximation. The model equations are solved for the stationary "in vivo" state and for the time dependent states observed during blood preservation and after transfusion. The theoretical results obtained by numerical integration are compared with experimental data. Conclusions are drawn with respect to the characterization of the recovery process of the energy metabolism and of the ionic states of erythrocytes after blood preservation and transfusion.

Adenine Nucleotides↗