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Biomedical subjects

A Weil

Publications and source records attributed to A Weil.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Effect of lumbar epidural analgesia on lower urinary tract function in the immediate postpartum period.

Urodynamic investigations including cystometry and electronic simultaneous urethro-cystometry were made in 27 primiparae between 2 and 5 days after delivery to assess possible effects of lumbar epidural analgesia on the function of the lower urinary tract. Three groups of patients were studied: 11 patients had vaginal delivery without epidural analgesia, 11 patients with similar obstetrical characteristics were delivered vaginally with epidural analgesia, and five others were delivered by caesarean section under epidural analgesia. The group of patients who were delivered vaginally under epidural analgesia had a significantly higher incidence (n = 4) of hypotonic bladders as determined by cystometry than the group without epidural analgesia (n = 0), (P less than 0.05). The maximum cystometric capacity was significantly greater (P less than 0.05) in the group who delivered vaginally with epidural analgesia than in the group without epidural analgesia, as well as the caesarean section group (with epidural analgesia), (P less than 0.01). Possible side effects of epidural analgesia implied by these results are discussed and a method for surveillance of urethrovesical function both during labour and after parturition is proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Clinical relevance of urethral stress profile using microtransducers after surgery for stress incontinence in females.

The value of the urethral stress profile after surgery for urinary stress incontinence in females was prospectively analyzed using microtransducers. 95 patients were clinically and urodynamically assessed at least 6 months after surgery. The success of the operation was based on subjective (patient's history) and objective (no urine loss, erect, with full bladder, on coughing and during a Urilos nappy test) criteria. In 20% of the cases, the interpretation of the urethral profiles did not correlate with the clinical objective criteria. Possible explanations for this discrepancy are discussed.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMed1983

Estradiol receptors in the urethra and the bladder of the female rabbit.

The presence of estradiol receptors was investigated in urethral and bladder tissue of mature pregnant and nonpregnant rabbits. Cytosolic fraction and nuclei were incubated with tritiated estradiol (3H-E2) at concentrations from 1 nM to 20 nM at 30 degrees C for 3 h with or without a 100-fold excess of diethylstilbestrol (DES). Incubation at 30 degrees C was selected so as to measure both occupied and unoccupied binding sites. The number of binding sites and their association constants were calculated by Scatchard analysis. Cytosolic binding sites for estradiol with high affinity (Ka = 0.31-0.58 X 10(9) M-1) were found in urethral tissue (785 fmol/mg DNA) and in bladder tissue (771 fmol/mg DNA). These results suggest that lower urinary tract of female rabbit could be a target organ for estradiol.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Reproducibility of simultaneous urethrocystometry measured with electronic microtransducers.

The reproducibility of simultaneous urethrocystometry in time and different rotational positions has not been sufficiently investigated. A prospective study with 16 patients assessed for incontinence was carried out, urethrocystometry with electronic microtransducers being performed at 1- to 3-week intervals, and with the catheter rotated to four different positions. Six parameters were analyzed on urethral profiles at rest and under stress. The reproducibility of all parameters in time was excellent. A comparison of values obtained after rotating the catheter showed significant differences for some parameters, but without clinical relevance.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Is pregnancy-associated plasma protein A a tumor marker?

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) was measured in 159 patients with various nontrophoblastic tumors. In three patients with trophoblastic tumors, PAPP-A and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) were measured before operation and weekly thereafter. Circulating levels of PAPP-A in patients with nontrophoblastic tumors were not significantly different from the levels in the matched control groups. Circulating levels of PAPP-A and hCG were significantly elevated preoperatively in patients with trophoblastic tumors, whereas the postoperative concentrations of both proteins gradually decreased. The conclusion is that, probably, PAPP-A cannot be considered to be a marker for nontrophoblastic disease, and that measurements of PAPP-A in patients with trophoblastic cancers do not provide any advantage over measurements of hCG.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1982

Hormonal control of casein synthesis in organ culture of the bovine lactating mammary gland.

Explants from lactating bovine mammary gland were cultured in vitro in serum-free medium though 1-9 d. casein synthesis was determined by [32P] incorporation into newly synthesized Ca rennin precipitable fraction. High correlation (r = 0.98) was found between incorporation of [32P] and [3H]amino acids in explants cultured under different hormonal regimes, thus indicating that post-translational phosphorylation is not a rate-limiting step in casein synthesis. Hormonal effects on casein synthesis were studied by supplementing the incubating medium with insulin (I), prolactin (PRL), cortisol (F), thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). It was found that both PRL and I were required absolutely for maximal synthesis and almost maximal effect was achieved with 50 ng/ml. The effect of F was less clear, but some increase was achieved at the 200-1000 ng/ml range. T4 and T3 did not affect casein synthesis at a range of 10(-11)-10(-7) M while a significant inhibition was observed at 2 X 10(-5) M. A time-course study of casein synthesis further substantiated the dominant role of PRL in maintenance or even elevation of the initial rate of casein synthesis in the explants, through the first 4 d of incubation.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Endometrial and plasma concentrations of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A).

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), oestradiol and progesterone levels have been measured by radioimmunoassay in plasma and in endometrial homogenates of 20 women undergoing hysterectomy. Results were grouped according to the histological stages of the endometrium. In plasma, oestradiol and progesterone concentrations changed from proliferative to secretory stages in the well-established pattern of the menstrual cycle, but PAPP-A levels did not change. In endometrium, oestradiol levels were high during the proliferative stage and low in inactive and secretory endometrium. Endometrial PAPP-A and progesterone concentrations increased from inactive to secretory stages, but only the increase in PAPP-A was statistically significant. A positive correlation observed between endometrial PAPP-A concentrations and plasma oestradiol/progesterone ratio suggests a possible hormonal control for the presence of PAPP-A in the uterus.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis from women with urethral syndrome.

Urethral swabs were examined for Chlamydia trachomatis in 22 women suffering from urethral syndrome and in an age-matched control group without genito-urinary symptoms. Full urodynamic investigation was done in patients with urinary symptoms. In this group the isolation rate of C. trachomatis was significantly higher than in the control group (59% versus 13%, P less than 0.01). Therefore C. trachomatis must be considered as one of the possible causes of the female urethral syndrome. Five out of eight patients with positive culture who were treated with minocycline had a negative follow-up culture and the clinical results of this treatment were variable.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[The importance of the sphincterometric parameters using microtip-transducers and of the urilos-nappy-test for the investigation of female urinary incontinence (author's transl)].

The value of the patient's history, the nappy-test (urilos meter) and urethro-cystometry with microtip-transducers was analized in 125 "stressincontinent" women. We consider the results of the nappy-test together with urine loss during coughing in the erect position as an objective evidence of incontinence. On this basis, two groups of patients were formed which allowed that statistical comparison of the different urethro-cystotonometric parameters. The urethral closure pressure under stress (urethral stress profile) is still the best criterium for the diagnosis of an urethral insufficiency. We studied especially the urethral closure pressure at rest and the pressure transmission from the bladder to the urethra. Although we could prove that both these parameters were statistically more often altered in cases of "proven" incontinence (urine loss when erect and positive nappy-test) than in cases without "proven" incontinence (no urine loss when erect and negative nappy-test), the lower limits of normal could not be determined because of the broad range of confidence. The diagnostic and therapeutic consequences are discussed.

Cough↗
PubMed1980

Motor urge incontinence: diagnosis and treatment.

A detailed study and analysis of several hundred cases of motor urge incontinence in the female is presented and summarized. This includes the incidence, the history referring to a questionnaire with a new urge and stress score, the symptomatology, possible etiological factors, the cystometric manifestation and the responsiveness to several treatment modalities and medications. A comparison of flavoxate, emepronium, propantheline and a placebo for the treatment of urinary incontinence due to bladder instability is made, the results are discussed and recommendations are made.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Long-term effects of interval laparoscopic sterilization by bipolar electrocoagulation on menstruation.

We studied the menstrual patterns of 258 patients before and after laparoscopic sterilization by bipolar diathermy. The observed changes were obtained were mainly related to the kind of contraception used before sterilization. The frequency of menstrual disorders after sterilization were compared to those in a control group of non-sterilized women matched for age and parity: 12--42 months after the operation, the sterilized women did not have more irregular cycles, menorrhagia, metrorrhagia, hysmenorrhea or dyspareunia than the control group but the sterilized women did have a slightly higher incidence of polymenorrhea (p less than 0.05) and menses lasting less than 3 days (p less than 0.01). We conclude that interval laparoscopic sterilization by bipolar diathermy can be recommended for patients with normal menstrual cycles.

Adult↗