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Biomedical subjects

A Watanabe

Publications and source records attributed to A Watanabe.

At least 1,243 records · Page 69Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative clinical study of cefcapene pivoxil and cefteram pivoxil in chronic respiratory tract infections by a double-blind method.

In a double-blind study, the efficacy and safety of the novel cephem antibiotic cefcapene pivoxil (CFPN-PI; 450 mg/day) was compared with cefteram pivoxil (CFTM-PI; 600 mg/day) in 171 patients with chronic respiratory tract infections. There was no significant difference between the clinical efficacy of the two drugs (80.2% for CFPN-PI versus 78.9% for CFTM-PI). There was no significant difference in the rate of elimination of the causative bacteria (60.5% for CFPN-PI versus 65.9% for CFTM-PI). Side-effects were observed in 6.0% of patients treated with CFPN-PI compared with 6.4% of patients treated with CFTM-PI. There were no significant differences in incidence of abnormal laboratory findings following treatment with the two drugs (13.9% for each), and none of the side-effects was severe. We conclude that CFPN-PI (450 mg/day) was as effective and as well tolerated as CFTM-PI (600 mg/day) in the treatment of chronic respiratory tract infections.

Adult↗
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Sesquiterpenoids from the roots of Solanum aethiopicum.

Three new sesquiterpenoids, lubiminoic acid, epilubiminoic acid and aethione, and six known sesquiterpenoids, solavetivone, 3beta-hydroxysolavetivone, 13-hydroxysolavetivone, anhydro-beta-rotunol, epilubimin and lubimin, were isolated from roots of S. aethiopicum L. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data.

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy↗
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Sesquiterpenoids in root exudates of Solanum aethiopicum.

Five known sesquiterpenoids, solavetivone, lubimin, lubiminoic acid, aethione and lubiminol were isolated from the root exudates recovered from Solanum aethiopicum by a newly proposed method using charcoal. Quantitative analysis of the sesquiterpenoids in the root exudates of S. aethiopicum and S. melongena suggested that relatively large amounts of the sesquiterpenoids were exuded from the roots. Antifungal activity of the sesquiterpenoids against Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae was also examined.

Antifungal Agents↗
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Primary chondrosarcoma of the lung--a case report with immunohistochemical study.

A case of primary chondrosarcoma of the lung is presented. The tumor, located in the medial segment of the right lower lobe, was successfully resected surgically. Clinical survey did not reveal any primary lesion elsewhere. The tumor consisted of myxomatous, chondromatous, and fibrous lesions. Immunohistochemical study revealed that tumor cells were positive for S-100 protein and vimentin, and negative for other antisera which characterize epithelial tumors. With these clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical studies we diagnosed the tumor as a primary chondrosarcoma of the lung.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of pre-heating on cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)-hyperthermia-induced tumour growth depression of transplantable human oesophageal cancer to nude mice.

The effects of the combination of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (CCDP) and hyperthermia on tumour growth were examined using transplantable human oesophageal cancer (ESO-2), having a histological type of moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, in nude mice. Eighteen days after the inoculation of the tumour fragment into the subcutaneous tissue of the right hind foot, the treatment of CDDP and/or hyperthermia was performed and the antitumour effect was evaluated 21 days after the treatment. The combination of 4 mg/kg of CDDP and 43 degrees C heating for 30 min effectively depressed tumour growth in comparison with the individual treatment. The mean relative tumour weight of the combination group at 3 weeks after the treatment was 15% of that of the control group without treatment. On the other hand, pre-heating at 42 degrees C for 30 min did not influence the inhibition of tumour growth by CDDP alone or the concentration of CDDP in tumour. When pre-heating at 42 degrees C for 30 min was performed at 6 or 12 h prior to the combined treatments of 2 mg/kg of CDDP and 43 degrees C hyperthermia for 30 min, however, tumour growth depression by CDDP-hyperthermia was diminished. When pre-heating was performed 4 days prior to CDDP-hyperthermia, however, tumour growth depression occurred. These results showed that thermotolerance of tumour cells induced by pre-heating diminished hyperthermic potentiation for cytotoxicity of CDDP, though the thermotolerance did not affect the cytotoxicity of CDDP.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immune deficiency of cataract Shionogi (CTS) mouse. II. Impaired in vivo T cell-mediated immune response.

Our previous study demonstrated that cataract Shionogi (CTS) mice, an inbred strain related to non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, are T lymphocytopenic and that their T cell-mediated in vitro reactions, such as proliferative responses of spleen cells to T cell mitogens and alloantigens or production of IL 2 and IL 2 receptors after stimulation of spleen cells with Con A, are greatly reduced. To confirm these in vitro characteristics, in vivo immune responses of CTS mice to T-dependent and T-independent antigens were compared with those of some reference strains including NOD mice. Antibody responses of CTS mice after one injection of a high dose (10(8)) or one or two injections of a low dose (10(5)) of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were markedly lower than those of the reference strains. The decrease was particularly striking in the IgM antibody production at primary response to both high and low doses, and the IgG antibody production at the secondary response to low dose. Similar lower antibody production was observed in CTS mice against bovine serum albumin (BSA). Little production of IgE antibody was observed from 1 through 3 weeks after an injection of BSA plus Bordetella pertussis. IgG1 response was observed at high incidence but lower in titer than those in the reference strains. Unexpectedly, in spite of the poor antibody production to BSA, potent systemic sensitization for anaphylactic shock was easily established; incidence of lethal shock being comparable with those in the reference strains. This suggests that CTS mice are highly susceptible to the effector phase of active anaphylactic shock. Cell-mediated immunity was also impaired. Delayed type of hypersensitivity to SRBC was low, and the rejection of the skin graft from NOD mouse did not occur. In contrast to the reduced T cell-mediated responses, no difference was found between CTS and reference strains with regard to the antibody production to LPS, a T-independent antigen. These in vivo findings are consistent with the previous in vitro study.

Anaphylaxis↗
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Age-dependent difference in susceptibility to IgE antibody- and IgG1 antibody-mediated passive anaphylactic shock in the mouse.

The age dependence of the susceptibility to passive anaphylactic shock was studied in the mouse. Anti-BPO IgE monoclonal antibody produced potent systemic sensitization sufficient for provocation of lethal shock in most aged (6 to 10 months) CTS, DS and C57BL/6J mice but only in a very few young (1.5 to 2.5 months) mice. A similar trend was found in the NOD strain, though it was not as definite as in the above three strains. Age-dependent potentiation of the IgE antibody-mediated anaphylactic shock was not found in both sexes of five other strains, C3H/He, DBA/2, NON, BALB/c and B6D2F1. However, the potentiation became obvious even in these strains, when they were treated with Bordetella pertussis before the antigen challenge. Age-dependent potentiation was also clear with IgG1 antibody-mediated anaphylactic shock in DS females and NON males. In contrast, no age-dependent difference was seen for the shock induced by PAF which is estimated to be the main mediator for anaphylactic shock in the mouse. This suggests that the age-dependent potentiation of anaphylactic shock does not seem to be due to elevated susceptibility to the mediator but to its increased release. The sex-dependent differences was also studied and found to be particularly clear in the case of IgG1 antibody-mediated anaphylactic shock in young DS and aged NON mice.

Aging↗
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Heterogeneity of drug susceptibility of mouse active anaphylactic shock.

To determine the main mediators for mouse anaphylactic shock, the suppression of active anaphylactic shock by cyproheptadine, an antagonist of histamine/serotonin, and CV-6209, an antagonist of platelet-activating factor (PAF), was systematically evaluated using various mouse strains. The suppression was quite heterogeneic depending on the mouse strain and method for sensitization. When sensitization was done with bovine serum albumin (BSA) plus Bordetella pertussis organisms, anaphylactic shock in C57BL/6N mice was suppressed by cyproheptadine but not by CV-6209. In contrast, shock in C3H/HeN and WBB6F1-W/Wv mice was suppressed by CV-6209 but not by cyproheptadine. Shock in BALB/c mice was suppressed by both agents but that in WBB6F1-(+)/+ mice was not at all by either one. DS and BDF1 mice showed differences due to the length of the sensitization period; shock was not suppressed by cyproheptadine with a shorter sensitization (9 to 11 days) but clearly suppressed with prolonged sensitization of 14 to 15 days. Shock in DS, WBB6F1-(+)/+ and BDF1 mice, which was not suppressed by either agent alone, was strongly suppressed by the combination of the two agents. In animals which had been sensitized with BSA emulsified with Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) and given DL-propranolol as a shock potentiator, a similar pattern of drug susceptibility as that in the pertussis-vaccinated animals was obtained in general, although a discrepancy was seen with regard to the suppression of CV-6209 in C3H/HeN and BDF1 mice. Synergistic suppression by CV-6209 and cyproheptadine was also very clear with the WBB6F1-(+)/+ mice sensitized using FCA. In addition, results quite similar to those with cyproheptadine were obtained with the other two antihistamines, triprolidine almost devoid of antiserotonin activity and oxatomide, in testing with BDF1 mice sensitized using Bordetella pertussis organisms. From these findings, the conclusion is that histamine and PAF play major roles solely or in combination in mouse active anaphylactic shock.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

"Return trip" metastases from the liver to the pancreas in Syrian golden hamsters.

In 1889, Paget suggested that metastases resulted only when "seed" (certain tumor cells) and "soil" (specific affinity for certain organs) were matched. We report here, the results of implantation of a hamster nitrosamine-induced pancreatic cancer tissue into the liver in six animals and the resulting metastases to the "primary organ". Survival time and metastatic sites at necropsy were studied. Tumor growth in the primary implantation site was observed in 5 out of 6 hamsters (83.3%) that died of cancer. Survival time ranged from 82 to 199 days. Metastases were found in the splenic lobe of the pancreas in all 5 (100%) successfully-implanted animals. This homologous implantation model of "return trip" in metastasis may be a useful tool for further research about the process of cancer metastasis. Moreover, it may be useful especially in the assessment of the "seed and soil" hypothesis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

G-CSF producing malignant fibrous histiocytoma in the jejunum: a case report.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma arising from the alimentary tract is extremely rare. We experienced a young patient with an inflammatory type of malignant fibrous histiocytoma in the jejunum which produced granulocyte-colony stimulating factor. A 16-year-old male was admitted to Umehara Hospital with abdominal pain, frequent vomiting of 2 days' duration, high fever and leukocytosis. Serum level of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor was 61.2 pg/mL. Plain abdominal X-ray, ultrasonography and computed tomography led to the diagnosis of intussusception with small intestinal tumor. On the 2nd hospital day, the patient underwent exploratory laparotomy. The jejunum showed intussusception with a hen's egg-sized tumor. After manual reduction, a 20-cm segment of the jejunum was removed. The patient was alive and doing well 29 months after the operation. Microscopic examination of the resected tumor disclosed an inflammatory type of malignant fibrous histiocytoma in the jejunum, and immunohistochemistry was positive for granulocyte-colony stimulating factor. This is the 5th case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma arising from the small intestine that has been described in the English literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infiltration of S-100 protein positive dendritic cells and peritoneal recurrence in advanced gastric cancer.

We investigated the influence of the infiltration of S-100 protein positive dendritic cells on peritoneal recurrence of carcinoma in 113 patients who had undergone curative resection for gastric carcinoma invading beyond the muscularis propria. The infiltration of dendritic cells was classified into marked and slight. In patients with marked infiltration, peritoneal recurrences were rare, the rate being 5.6%, with a statistical difference compared to the rate of 20.3% with slight infiltration (p < 0.05). When patients were classified into infiltrative and expanding types with regard to the mode of invasion, patients with a marked infiltration survived longer than did those with slight infiltration in the infiltrative type carcinoma (p < 0.01). Such relationship was also observed when width of the serosal invasion was less than 4 cm in diameter (p < 0.01). Analysis of the pattern of recurrence revealed that infiltration of dendritic cells may prevent peritoneal recurrences in patients with advanced gastric cancer which has infiltrative mode of invasion.

Dendritic Cells↗
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Delayed posttraumatic diaphragmatic hernia: case report and literature review.

The case of a 36-year-old man with an unsuspected delayed posttraumatic diaphragmatic hernia is described. This entity often presents with vague clinical symptoms and non-specific radiographic findings long after the initiating trauma has been forgotten. Therefore, the preoperative diagnosis of this entity is notoriously difficult, but failure to make this diagnosis carries a high mortality rate. A high index of suspicion must be maintained.

Accidents, Traffic↗
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Postoperative adjuvant immunochemotherapy and infiltration of dendritic cells for patients with advanced gastric cancer.

To determine the group of patients for whom a biological response modifier is useful, the efficacy of postoperative adjuvant immunotherapy was investigated with regard to infiltration of dendritic cells (DC) in patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent absolute curative resection. The infiltration of DC was classified into marked and slight. The chemotherapy group was prescribed mitomycin C and tegafur, while for the immunochemotherapy group a biological response modifier, PSK, was also prescribed in survival between the chemotherapy and immunochemotherapy groups. In patients with slight infiltration, however, the 5 - year survival rates were 0% in the chemotherapy and 15% in the immunochemotherapy group. Patients given PSK survived longer than those given chemotherapy only (P less than 0.05). Therefore, adjuvant immunotherapy may be considered for patients with advanced gastric cancer with slight infiltration of DC.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
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Enhancement effect of an anti-angiogenic agent, TNP-470, on hyperthermia-induced growth suppression of human esophageal and gastric cancers transplantable to nude mice.

The effect of a combination of TNP-470 (AGM-1470, an anti-angiogenic agent) and hyperthermia on tumor growth was examined using human esophageal (ESO-2) and gastric (NSC-8) cancers transplantable to nude mice. TNP-470 alone at a dose of 30 mg/kg three times a week for 2 weeks was sufficient to obtain an antitumor effect. A combination of this dose of TNP-470 and 43 degrees C hyperthermia for 30 min inhibited tumor growth markedly in comparison with either treatment alone. It was considered that angiogenesis after hyperthermia was inhibited by TNP-470, and then regrowth of the tumor cells was potently suppressed by reduction of O2 pressure, pH and nutrient supply in the tumor tissue.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Age-related changes in D-aspartic acid of rat teeth.

In addition to L-aspartic acid, D-aspartic acid was detected in the protein (collagen) of rat teeth. The content of D-aspartic acid in rat molars increased significantly with age, showing a close correlation with age (r = 0.965-0.993), whereas in rat incisors D-aspartic acid did not increase. This suggests that there is little metabolic activity in rat molars after their formation. The amount of D-aspartic acid present in molars of a single rat was in the order first molars > second molars > third molars. This indicates that the amount of D-aspartic acid is higher in teeth formed earlier, corresponding to the time of their formation. The rate of racemization in rat molars was about ten-fold higher than that in human dentin, suggesting the importance of body temperature in the rate of racemization. These findings also suggest that D-aspartic acid is present in the teeth of other animals.

Age Factors↗