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Biomedical subjects

A Watanabe

Publications and source records attributed to A Watanabe.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Coronary artery bypass grafting for a very rare run off case of superdominant left anterior descending artery].

A superdominant left anterior descending artery (LAD) was found in a 59-year-old man who had electrocardiographic evidence of acute anterior and inferior wall myocardial infarction. Coronary cineangiography showed 95% stenosis at segment 7 of LAD which extended around the apex, ascending into the posterior interventricular sulcus to the crux and ran to the left into posterior atrioventricular sulcus. Posterior descending artery was not provided by the left circumflex artery or the right coronary artery. Multiple infarction due to proximal disease of such a superdominant LAD is very rare in pathoanatomically. Coronary artery bypass grafting to the LAD using left internal mammary artery was performed. The patients is now doing well with no anginal attack, 18 months following the operation.

Coronary Artery Bypass↗
PubMed1990

[Neurobehavior and mental development of newborn infants delivered under epidural analgesia with bupivacaine].

The neurobehavior of newborn infants delivered under epidural analgesia with bupivacaine was analyzed by Amiel-Tison's Neurological and Adaptive Capacity Score (NACS), while Tsumori-Image's questionnaire assessed the above infants' mental development. Seventy-two newborn infants under epidural analgesia (39 delivered spontaneously and 33 by vacuum extraction) and twenty-eight newborn infants without epidural analgesia as controls (15 delivered spontaneously and 13 by vacuum extraction) were under study. The following results were obtained 1) In the 24 hour period following childbirth, NACS tended to be low in relation to the total dosage of bupivacaine administered to the mother. 2) In the 24 hour period following childbirth and continuing until the 3rd day, NACS were relatively low regardless of the mode of delivery. 3) There was no significant difference between the neonatal physiological weight loss in newborn infants under epidural analgesia and those without epidural analgesia (controls). 4) Newborn infants under epidural analgesia displayed an average mental quotient at the first, third, and sixth month after childbirth. Although epidural analgesia with bupivacaine might lower the neurobehavior of newborn infants in the immediate postchildbirth period, the newborn infants should return to normal without any complications.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1990

[The measurement of extra vascular lung water using a thermal-sodium double indicator dilution technique in patients undergoing surgery for esophageal cancer].

The Extra Vascular Lung Water (EVLW) was measured using the thermal sodium double indicator dilution technique in 21 patients undergoing surgery for esophageal cancer. This measurement is an important parameter in the control of the respiratory function. In the 16 cases without pulmonary complications, the preoperative EVLW was 5.3 +/- 0.2 (mean +/- SEM) ml/kg and the immediate postoperative EVLW was 4.8 +/- 0.4 ml/kg. This change was significant (p less than 0.05), but within 24 hours the EVLW returned to almost the same levels as those recorded before surgery. In only 3 cases, the EVLW were elevated beyond 7.5 ml/kg, but these high EVLW levels did not continue for more than 12 hours. Of the 5 patients with pulmonary complications, only two experienced pulmonary edema. Their preoperative EVLW levels were normal, but the immediate postoperative EVLW levels were significantly elevated beyond 10 ml/kg. These elevated levels were observed before the PaO2, the portable chest roentgenograms and the other test results changed following surgery. The high EVLW levels beyond 7.5 ml/kg continued for 72 hours after surgery. We found no correlation between the EVLW and measureable hemodynamic parameters (Cardiac Index, Pulmonary Wedge Pressure, Colloid Osmotic Pressure-Pulmonary Wedge Pressure gradient) during the observation period. In the other cases with pulmonary complications (2 cases were pneumonia, one was atelectasis with pneumonia), the changes in the EVLW levels were the same as for the cases without pulmonary complications. These results indicate that the EVLW is the optimum parameter for the control of the respiratory function and early diagnosis of pulmonary edema after surgery for esophageal cancer.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[Therapeutic efficacy of miconazole on deep-seated fungal infections in the respiratory tract system].

We evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of miconazole (MCZ, Florid-F inj.), a new antifungal agent for parenteral use, in deep-seated fungal infections of respiratory tract system. A daily dose of 400-1,800 mg of MCZ was given intravenously for 12-38 days (mean: 23.4 days) to 7 patients: 2 patients with pulmonary aspergillosis, 1 patient with bronchial aspergillosis, 1 patient with pulmonary candidiasis and 3 patients with candidemia. One additional patient with pulmonary aspergillosis received three instillations of 20 mg of MCZ into the thoracic cavity. The clinical effects were excellent in 1, good in 4 and poor in 3 patients. The efficacy rate was 100% in 5 cases with respiratory fungal infections but 3 cases with candidemia did not respond well to the treatment. Four strains each of Aspergillus sp. and Candida sp. were identified as causative organisms. Seven of the 8 strains were eradicated by administration of MCZ. Side effects observed were irritation and heat in a leg in 1 patient, hyperlipoidemia in 2 patients and eosinophilia in 1 patient. The adverse reactions disappeared after the completion of the therapy. From the above results, we conclude that MCZ is one of the most useful antifungal agents for parenteral use as a first choice on deep-seated fungal infections in the respiratory tract.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Laboratory and clinical studies on cefdinir in pediatric field].

Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on cefdinir (CFDN) capsule and fine granules in children were performed and the following results were obtained. 1. Plasma level and urinary excretion of CFDN were determined in 10 children with ages 7 to 13 years given single doses of 2.3 to 7.5 mg/kg. Six of the 10 children received the drug orally before meal and the other 4 after meal. Plasma concentration peaked at 2 to 4 hours in the children administered the drug before meal, and at 3 to 4 hours in those given the drug after meal. The 8-hour urinary recovery rate was 18.8%. 2. Clinical efficacies were evaluated in 23 children with bacterial infections. The children were given the drug orally at dose levels of 3.3 to 6.3 mg/kg 3 times a day. Clinical effects of CFDN were excellent in 7 and good in others, hence the overall clinical efficacy rate was 100%. 3. Bacteriologically, 18 of the 19 strains of causative organisms identified were eradicated, with an overall bacteriological eradication rate of 94.7%. 4. As for side effects, loose stool was observed in 1 case, but it disappeared in a few days. In laboratory tests a slight elevation of GOT and GPT were observed in 1 case, but no additional treatment was needed. 5. CFDN is a useful oral antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial infections in pediatric field.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical evaluation of BMY-28100 for bacterial pneumonia in comparison with cefaclor in a double-blind study].

The efficacy, safety and usefulness of BMY-28100 for the treatment of bacterial pneumonia were compared with those of cefaclor (hereinafter referred to as CCL) in a double-blind study. The daily dosages were 750 mg for BMY-28100 and 1,500 mg for CCL, divided into 3 administrations daily. These drugs were administered orally for at least 14 days. A total of 172 cases were enrolled in this study. Of these, cases which deviated from the protocols were excluded from evaluations. Thus, clinical efficacy was evaluated in 124 cases, adverse reactions were evaluated in 160 cases, and abnormal laboratory test values were evaluated in 146 cases. The following results were obtained. 1. Efficacy rates ("good" or better responses) in bacterial pneumonia cases as evaluated by the subcommittee were 81.7% (49/60) in the BMY-28100 group and 89.1% (41/46) in the CCL group, thus no significant difference was found between the 2 groups. 2. Efficacy rates ("good" or better responses), as evaluated by investigators, in the same bacterial pneumonia cases which were subjected to the evaluation by the subcommittee were 83.3% (50/60) in the BMY-28100 group and 88.9% (40/45) in the CCL group, thus no significant difference between the 2 groups was found also. 3. Bacteriological response rates in bacterial pneumonia cases were 86.2% (25/29) in the BMY-28100 group and 85.7% (18/21) in the CCL group with no significant difference between the 2 groups. 4. Incidences of subjective/objective clinical adverse symptoms were 3.5% (3/85) in the BMY-28100 group and 1.3% (1/75) in the CCL group, and no significant difference was observed between the 2 groups. No significant difference was also found between the 2 groups in incidences of abnormal laboratory test values, as abnormalities were found in 21.1% (16/76) of the cases in the BMY-28100 group and 25.7% (18/70) in the CCL group. 5. As for overall usefulness of the drug in bacterial pneumonia cases, utility rates ("useful" or better evaluations) as evaluated by the subcommittee were 83.6% (46/55) in the BMY-28100 group and 90.5% (38/42) in the CCL group, and the rates as evaluated by investigators in cases judged as evaluable by the subcommittee were 78.3% (47/60) and 82.2% (37/45), respectively. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups. The utility rates as evaluated by investigators in cases in which diseases were diagnosed as bacterial pneumonia or lung abscess by investigators were 78.3% (47/60) in the BMY-28100 group and 82.2% (37/45) in the CCL group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[A case report of successful emergency re-AVR for structural failure of a Hall-Kaster prosthesis].

A rare case of Hall-Kaster prosthetic valve dysfunction was reported. The patient was admitted with acute cardiac failure. She had previously received aortic valve replacement (AVR) using 23A Hall-Kaster prosthesis. Prosthetic valve dysfunction was diagnosed by both cinefluoroscopy and echocardiography. Emergent re-AVR was carried out and dislodgement of the pivot was revealed. Postoperative course was uneventful. Reports of structural failure of the Hall-Kaster (Medtronic-Hall) prosthesis are extremely rare. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of dislodgement of the disc from the pivot of the Hall-Kaster prosthesis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Cytophotometrically determined DNA content, mitotic activity, and lymph node metastasis in clinical gastric cancer.

Analyses of cytophotometrically determined DNA content and mitotic rate were carried out in 37 cases of gastric carcinoma to identify biologic significance of DNA abnormalities. Lymph node metastasis was also evaluated by DNA content and mitotic rate. According to the linear regression analysis, there were statistically significant correlations of mitotic rate with DNA variants such as the peak value, the mean value, and the frequency of cells with values exceeding tetraploid or hexaploid chromosome complement. There were significantly higher values for these DNA parameters in patients with lymph node metastasis compared with those without metastasis. Similarly, higher mitotic rates were observed in tumors with metastatic disease. Thus abnormal DNA fractions appear to be indicative of tumors with a high mitotic activity. The quantitative detection of the DNA abnormalities will provide pertinent biologic information required to predict the occurrence of metastasis in patients with gastric cancer.

Cytophotometry↗
PubMed1990

[Studies on respiratory infections in primary care clinic (II). Distribution and antibiotic sensitivity to 45 agents of bacteria isolated from patients with respiratory infections visiting a doctor in private practice].

The bacteriology of the isolates from the sputum or the throat swab of patients with respiratory infections visiting a doctor in private practice in Sendai city during the period from March in 1988 to February in 1989 was documented, and their sensitivity to 45 antimicrobial agents was determined. Of the 568 patients, 514 cases had acute pharyngitis, 8 cases each had acute tonsillitis and acute bronchitis, 7 cases were acute pneumonia, 6 cases had herpangina, 18 cases had hand-foot-mouth disease with the signs of respiratory infections, 5 cases had varicella with the signs of respiratory infections and 2 cases were mumps with the signs of respiratory infections. Three hundred strains of potential (greater than or equal to 10(7) CFU/ml) pathogens were recovered from 293 of the 568 cases, which consisted of 124 strains of Haemophilus influenzae, 58 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 45 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 26 strains of Branhamella catarrhalis, 25 strains of Streptococcus pyogenes, 9 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 13 strains of other species, not including non-fermentile gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. Staphylococcus aureus and other strains were documented simultaneously in 6 out of 7 cases in which multi-organisms were recovered. Many strains of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from young patients throughout the year. On the other hand many strains of Branhamella catarrhalis were isolated from elderly patients in winter. The sensitivity of 45 antimicrobial agents of 231 of 300 strains was determined by sensitivity disks (EIKEN, Japan). No strain of the Haemophilus influenzae in this study was resistant to ampicillin. None of the Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes was resistant to ampicillin or cefazolin. None of the Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to cloxacillin, cefazolin, gentamicin or ofloxacin. We conclude from the above results that antibiotic-resistant strains are found presumably only in a very few cases in primary care clinic.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1990

Long survival of a woman with a huge leiomyosarcoma of the duodenum after pancreaticoduodenectomy and transverse colectomy: a case report.

A woman with a huge leiomyosarcoma of the duodenum that had invaded the pancreas and transverse colon is living and well 10 years after pancreaticoduodenectomy combined with resection of the transverse colon. Malignant potential of the tumor was determined by the mitotic rate and nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid content. The mass exceeded 10 cm yet was characterized by low mitotic activity and a near-diploid pattern. The long survival is attributed to the extensive surgery and low-grade malignancy of the tumor.

DNA, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1990

[Therapeutic efficacy of ceftibuten in chronic respiratory tract infections].

We evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of ceftibuten (CETB, 7432-S), a new cephem antibiotic for oral use, in chronic respiratory tract infections. A daily dose of 400 mg (b.i.d.: 15 cases) or 600 mg (t.i.d.: 5 cases) of CETB was given orally for 3-14 days (mean: 10.6 days) to 20 patients: 9 with infected bronchiectasis, 3 with infection supervened on pulmonary emphysema, 3 with acute pneumonia (supervened on bronchiectasis in 2 of 3 cases), 2 with infected bronchial asthma, 1 each with infection supervened on old pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic bronchitis and pulmonary fibrosis. The clinical effects were excellent in 3, good in 11, fair in 3 and poor in 3. Eighteen strains were identified as causative organisms. Eight of 15 strains for which bacteriological responses were evaluable were eradicated by the use of CETB. Eosinophilia in 2 patients and an elevation of S-GPT value was observed in 1 patient. These adverse reactions disappeared after the completion of the therapy. From the above results, we conclude that CETB is one of the most useful antibiotics for oral use as a first choice in chronic respiratory tract infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Width of serosal invasion and prognosis in advanced human gastric cancer with special reference to the mode of tumor invasion.

We studied the influence of the width of serosal invasion on the prognosis, in relation to the mode of invasion, in 142 patients who had curative resection for gastric carcinoma that invaded beyond the muscularis propria. The mode of invasion was classified into infiltrative and expanding types. Average diameter of tumor at the serosal or subserosal layer for the infiltrative type was 4.2 +/- 3.2 cm, a value significantly greater than that of 2.5 +/- 2.0 cm for the expanding type (P less than 0.01). The 5-year survival rate of patients with the infiltrative type carcinoma was significantly lower (36.8%) than that with the expanding type carcinoma (50.0%) (P less than 0.05). In the infiltrative type, the survival time of patients with a serosal invasion exceeding 2 cm was significantly shorter than when the serosal invasion was less than 2 cm (P less than 0.05). In the expanding type, however, the prognosis was good until the width of serosal invasion extended to 4 cm or greater. The difference in survival according to the width of serosal invasion did not always depend on the incidence of positive lymph nodes in both types of carcinomas. Therefore, influence of the width of serosal invasion on the prognosis for advanced gastric carcinomas differs between infiltrative and expanding types.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Prognostic significance of DNA content with special reference to age in gastric cancer.

The authors studied 93 patients who had undergone curative resection for advanced gastric cancer to assess the prognostic significance of DNA ploidy in relation to patient age. The cancers were classified as low and high-ploidy carcinomas and the patients were grouped by age (22-44 years, 45-64 years, 65-79 years). The incidence of high ploidy cancers increased with age. The 5-year survival rate increased with patient age in the low ploidy group whereas it decreased with patient age in the high ploidy group. There was a statistically significant difference (P less than 0.05) in the 5-year survival between our oldest patients with low (100%) and high ploidy (25.7%) gastric cancer. High ploidy cancers manifested a higher incidence of vessel invasion and lymph node metastasis. Our findings indicate that analysis of the DNA distribution pattern in gastric carcinoma is of prognostic value especially in older patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A clinicopathological study of synchronous multiple gastric cancer.

In a 7 1/2-year period (from 1 January 1980 to 30 June 1987), 997 patients with gastric cancer underwent gastric resection at the Department of Surgery, Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital, Japan. We studied clinicopathologically 83 patients (182 lesions) with synchronous multiple gastric cancer and compared them with patients who had solitary cancers only in the same period. We found that elderly men had a relatively high incidence of multiple gastric cancer, and that early cancer of the elevated well differentiated type was the most common. Of the 182 lesions, as many as 42 (23.1 per cent) were missed in the preoperative examination. Eighteen of these 42 lesions were found only with the aid of a microscope in sections almost incidentally excised. Small flat lesions tended to be missed. We should always be conscious that other gastric lesions may be present when treating patients with gastric cancer.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Rapid elevation of liver hydroxyproline content following a single administration of various chemical carcinogens to rats.

The liver hydroxyproline content increased 14 days following a single administration of various chemical carcinogens, 2-N-fluorenylacetamide (FAA), 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (3'-Me-DAB), diethylnitrosamine (DEN), dimethylnitrosamine (DMN), and thioacetamide, to rats. The rapid elevation of hydroxyproline following FAA administration, which did not induce liver cell necrosis, was accompanied by an increase in liver collagenase activity. These findings are of interest in relation to the regulatory mechanism of liver fibrogenesis.

2-Acetylaminofluorene↗