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Biomedical subjects

A Watanabe

Publications and source records attributed to A Watanabe.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Intradermal hepatitis B virus vaccination for low- or non-responded health-care workers.

Immune responses to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine in six low- or non-responded health-care workers were tested with an intradermal low dose (5 micrograms) of the recombinant vaccine. The injection was repeated three or four times at fortnightly intervals. These successive doses of the vaccine induced a high concentration of antibodies with delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin reactions in all six subjects. A few minor temporary side effects, such as irritation and itching at the injection site, were reported by some of the vaccinees. The results suggest low-dose of intradermal HBV vaccinations for low- or non-responders are safe and readily effective.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1991

Chest CT combined with artificial pneumothorax: value in determining origin and extent of tumor.

To determine the presence of chest wall and mediastinal invasion by lung cancer and to establish the origin of chest tumors, we studied 12 patients with intrathoracic tumors by using chest CT combined with artificial pneumothorax. Six patients had primary lung cancer, two had metastases, and one each had neurofibroma, pericardial cyst, chondroma of the rib, and malignant mesothelioma. All 12 tumors abutted the chest wall or mediastinum and could not be separated by conventional CT. Between 400 and 800 ml of air was injected into the pleural space before a second CT scan was obtained. No invasion was found at surgery in cancers that were separated from chest wall or mediastinum on CT scans. Surgery revealed chest wall invasion in three patients in whom the CT scans showed that the tumor was not separated from the chest wall. Only one patient with a tumor that was not separated from the mediastinum on CT did not have mediastinal invasion: in this case, only adhesions were found at surgery. Thus, in the eight patients with primary lung cancer and metastasis, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 100%, 80%, and 88%, respectively. In four patients with mediastinal or pleural tumor, CT combined with pneumothorax was useful for establishing the origin of tumors. In all, 11 of the 12 patients were correctly evaluated by using this method. No complications occurred, except for mild chest discomfort in one patient. This study suggests that chest CT combined with artificial pneumothorax is useful for the evaluation of the extension of lung cancer into the chest wall and mediastinum and for the diagnosis of the site of origin of intrathoracic tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Factor VIII epitopes recognized by inhibitors in hemophiliacs].

A 44-year-old male hemophiliac with high titer anti-factor VIII antibody (66 bethesda units/ml) was admitted on November 11, 1989 because of epigastralgia and melena. A gastric ulcer with a spurting artery was revealed by an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Infusion of activated prothrombin complex concentrates and endoscopical ethanol injection to the bleeding vessel were ineffective. After clipping of the vessel, the bleeding was completely ceased. The inhibitor antibody was purified by Sephacryl S 200 and Protein A cellulofine column chromatography. Purified IgG showed factor VIII inhibitor activity. Factor VIII epitopes recognized by the inhibitors was examined by western blotting. Factor VIII concentrate purified by the antigen. This factor VIII preparation was composed of a doublet of light chains (M.W. 80 kD) and 3 heavy chains (M.W. 160-200 kD) when examined by SDS-PAGE followed by immunoblotting using monoclonal antibodies against factor VIII light and heavy chains. The inhibitor in this case reacted to the heavy chains of factor VIII, whereas antifactor VIII antibody in the other case reacted to the light chain of factor VIII.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Comparative analysis of Hancock and St. Jude Medical valve after mitral valve replacement].

Long term results were compared in 81 operative survivors with MVR using Hancock valve (Hancock group) and 83 using St. Jude Medical valve (SJM group). The cumulative follow-up was 709.0 patients-year (p-y) and 175.2 p-y in the Hancock and SJM groups. Twenty-four percent of the patients in the Hancock group was permanently anticoagulated, while 100% of patients in the SJM group anticoagulated. The 7-year actuarial survival rate including early mortality was 79.3 +/- 4.6% for the Hancock and 93.9 +/- 3.0% for the SJM group (p less than 0.01). The survival rate was significantly higher in the SJM group than that in the Hancock group. The 7-year actuarial event free rate of the valve-related complications in the Hancock and SJM groups were as follows; thromboembolism 88.6 +/- 3.8% vs 95.0 +/- 2.8% (NS), hemorrhage, 94.0 +/- 3.0% vs 98.7 +/- 1.8% (NS), paravalvular leak 92.6 +/- 3.2% vs 97.4 +/- 1.8% (NS), infection 93.9 +/- 3.0% vs 100% (p less than 0.05), valve malfunction 78.0 +/- 5.2% vs 100% (p less than 0.001), overall valve related complications 58.9 +/- 5.9% vs 91.1 +/- 3.5% (p less than 0.001), reoperation for valve-related complication 83.1 +/- 4.6% vs 100% (p less than 0.01). The event free rate of reoperation for valve related complication in the Hancock group was significantly lower than that in the SJM group. The Hancock valve had the acceptable antithrombogenicity, but had the limited long-term durability.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1991

beta-Lactamase activity in sputum and indirect pathogenicity.

beta-Lactamase activity of sputum of 39 patients with respiratory infections and that of bacterial isolates from their sputum were determined by nitrocefin method. Forty-six microbial strains (16 different species) were recovered from 39 sputum samples. The beta-lactamase activity was negative only in nine of the 46 strains. beta-lactamase-positive strains were recovered from 35 of 39 sputum samples. Of these 35 sputum samples, the beta-lactamase activity was positive in 23 and negative in 12. beta-lactamase-negative strains were recovered from 4 of 39 sputum samples, and the beta-lactamase activity was negative in all of these four sputum samples. Both beta-lactamase producing and non-producing strains were recovered in 5 of 6 sputum samples from which two to three microbes were isolated. The ratio of beta-lactamase-positive sputum sample was higher in patients who had received antibiotics than in those who had received no antibiotics. This difference was statistically significant (P < 0.025). It is possible that non-causative beta-lactamase-positive organisms enhance the pathogenicity of causative organisms that are beta-lactamase-negative.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1991

Hepatic recurrence not prevented with low-dosage long-term intraportal 5-FU infusion after resection of colorectal liver metastasis.

Seventeen patients with colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver underwent hepatic resection. For five we prescribed adjuvant therapy which included intraportal mitomycin C (MMC) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and consecutive oral administrations of tegafur (N1-(2'-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil), in an attempt to reduce recurrences in the liver. Intraportal chemotherapy consisted of low-dosage, long-term 5-FU infusion, 40 days at 250 mg/day, and a 10 mg bolus injection of MMC at the start and the end of continuous 5-FU infusion. With regard to postoperative events in patients given the infusion therapy, there was no hepatotoxicity or hematologic toxicity, no mechanical complications and no pain or vomiting. Two of five patients given infusion therapy and six of 12 not given the therapy died within 5 years after surgery. There was recurrence in the liver in two patients given infusion therapy and in four not given the therapy. Although low-dosage, long-term intraportal chemotherapy is a safe treatment given hopefully to prevent hepatic recurrence, we found no beneficial effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

DNA ploidy is a major prognostic factor in advanced gastric carcinoma--univariate and multivariate analysis.

DNA ploidy was determined by cytofluorometric analysis of paraffin-embedded malignant tissue from 96 Japanese patients in whom gastric carcinoma had invaded the serosa. Aneuploidy was found in gastric carcinoma tissue from 63 patients (66%). The postoperative 5-year survival rate of patients with aneuploid malignancy was significantly lower (13%) than those with diploid malignancy (36%) (p less than 0.05). A multivariate analysis of various clinical and pathologic factors showed that tumor size, lymph node metastasis, vascular invasion, and DNA ploidy were significant and independent factors, which correlated with prognosis.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

EMG analysis of complete denture wearers using a three-dimensional representation of the time behavior of AR model parameters.

Three-dimensional representation to screen the adaptation process of individual dentures is presented. In the parametric analysis of electromyographic (EMG) signals, we have to deal with the complicated behavior of a lot of parameters in the time domain. We have employed the less-biased time varying AR model parameters estimated by locally quasi-stationary processing. Hence, we propose the time-suppressed representation of the behavior, projecting the time series of less-biased time-varying vectors onto three standard planes. The vector is composed of the k parameters, K(i) for i = 1, 2, 3. Therefore, the mutually perpendicular coordinates are K(1), K(2) and K(3). Significant changes which appear to result from the muscle dynamics are observed in the K(2)-K(3) plane, as the masticatory function is recovered.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1991

Prognostic significance of serosal invasion in carcinoma of the stomach.

Two hundred and seventy-seven patients with advanced carcinoma of the stomach invading the serosa were studied with regard to the relationship between the length of the serosal invasion (LSI) and prognosis, with a division made between expanding and infiltrative types of tumors. Among patients with expanding types of tumors, five year survival rates were 40 per cent in patients with LSI less than 4.0 centimeters, 33 per cent in patients with LSI 4.1 to 6.0 centimeters and 13.0 per cent in patients with LSI more than 6.0 centimeters. Among those patients with infiltrative types of tumors, those with less than 2.0 centimeters of LSI had a better prognosis (five year survival rate of 53 per cent), whereas those patients with a LSI more than 2.0 centimeters had a very poor prognosis (five year survival rate of less than 20 per cent) and the significant LSI on prognosis was found to be 2.0 centimeters. Involvement of the lymph node and metastasis to the liver were not affected by LSI, whereas the rates of peritoneal dissemination and direct invasion to neighboring organs increased with an increase in LSI. Knowledge of these factors facilitates the planning of postoperative treatment.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1991

[Asymptomatic thrombosed Duromedics valve prosthesis in the mitral position].

A 52-year-old woman who was suffering from easy fatigability and arrhythmia underwent MVR using a Duromedics prosthetic valve and TAP with DeVaga's technique in November 1985. She was doing well postoperatively with Warfarin, until July 1988 when cinefluoroscopy showed one of the leaflets to be immobilized in the closed position and the other with full range of motion. The patient underwent re-MVR using a St. Jude Medical prosthetic valve. She is doing well 14 months after surgery. The diagnosis and management of thrombosed bi-leaflet mechanical valve prosthesis was also discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1991

[Accuracy and clinical problems involved in the measurements of extravascular lung water, using the thermal-sodium double indicator dilution technique].

In this report, we evaluated and discussed the accuracy and the clinical problems involved in measurements of extravascular lung water volume (EVLW), using the thermal-sodium double indicator dilution technique. We measured EVLW in 2 groups, group I (normal cardiac function group) consisting of 20 patients with esophageal cancer, and group II (low cardiac function group) consisting of 27 patients with heart valvular disease. No significant difference was found between the two groups in the reproducibility (SDM/Average X 100) of measurements of Cardiac output (CO), MTT (Mean Transient Time), and EVLW. No correlation was found between circulatory parameters and the reproducibility of measurement of EVLW. So we assumed that cardiac function has no influence on the reproducibility of EVLW measurement. But the CO measured with EVLW catheter was significantly higher than that measured with Swan-Ganz catheter in group II. We thought that EVLW should be calculated using the CO measured with Swan-Ganz catheter in cases of low cardiac function. Infection, thromboembolism and bleeding after the insertion of the catheter, overload of water and sodium due to the injection of the indicator were thought to be complications of measurement of EVLW. But in our clinical cases there was no such complication.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗