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Biomedical subjects

A W Miller

Publications and source records attributed to A W Miller.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Post and core systems: which one is best?

Teeth with nonvital pulps or pulpless teeth demand special restorative attention. Post and core fabrication for these teeth can be handled in many ways. This article has described some of the prefabricated post systems currently available. The relative advantages and disadvantages have been compard. Prefabricated post systems in many instances can simplify and expedite restorative dentistry. Which system is best? The answer varies according to the restorative situation and the skills and preference of the dentist. A post and core should not jeopardize the remaining tooth structure, and the particular system mus be manageable.

Crowns↗
PubMed1982

A specimen mount for small laryngeal biopsies.

Accurate histologic interpretation of small laryngeal biopsies is often obfuscated by tangential sectioning of the specimen. The natural tendency of the tissue specimen to curl and suboptimal orientation of the specimen account for the tangential cuts. Use of a biopsy specimen mount eliminates this problem. The biopsy specimen mount also permits accurate determination of tumor involvement of deep and peripheral margins, a useful feature in the management of small areas of leukoplakia of the vocal cords. The biopsy specimen mount is therefore helpful in the endoscopic surgical management of small areas of leukoplakia of the vocal cords. The biopsy specimen mount is therefore helpful in the endoscopic surgical management of early glottic malignancy (T1s, T1), since therapy can be individualized and planned rationally with precise determination of margin involvement.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1982

Sertoli--Leydig cell tumor with endometroid differentiation. Case report and discussion of histogenesis.

A case of Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor with endometrioid differentiations is reported. The tumor was associated with hirsutism and androgenic excess which normalized following surgical removal. On light-microscopic study, the tumor resembled a well-differentiated endometrioid tumor with luteinized stroma. With further study, the interstitial stromal cell were recognized as Leydig cells, containing scattered Reinke crystals. Tubules and solid cords reminiscent of sex cord elements were also recognized. The dilated glandular elements showed scant apical and luminal positivity with the PAS stain following diastase digestion. Electron-microscopic examination confirmed a dual population of cells, featuring Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor and endometrioid cells. We postulate that this tumor may represent yet another example of multidirectional differentiation.

Diabetes Complications↗
PubMed1981

Primary adenocarcinomas of the human urinary bladder: histochemical, immunological and ultrastructural studies.

Neoplastic and non-neoplastic tissue specimens from ten patients with primary adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder were examined. Most of these tumors were associated with either foci of transitional cell carcinoma and/or with glandular metaplasia of the bladder epithelium. The mucin produced by the neoplastic cells was PAS, alcian blue, mucicarmine, PB/KOH/PAS, and RPB/KOH/PAS-positive. ABH isoantigens of these tumors were not always deleted. Ultrastructurally, the neoplastic cells resembled goblet cells. Their plasma membrane had numerous microvilli with prominent glycocalyx. Proliferation and attenuation of tight junctions were noted. The gap junctions were few and small. Two types of desmosomes were found. The ultrastructural features of the neoplastic cells were attributed in part to the malignant transformation and in part to the direction of their differentiation. We have not observed any distinctive morphologic, histochemical, immunologic or ultrastructural features that might be diagnostic for these adenocarcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Inverted papilloma of the urinary bladder: ultrastructural and immunologic studies.

The histologic, ultrastructural, and immunologic features of an inverted urinary bladder papilloma were studied with thin-section and freeze-fracture electron microscopy, a specific red blood cell adherence test, and through analysis of urine carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The increased number of gap junctions and desmosomes, the presence of thickened and reduplicated basal laminae, and the normal CEA levels found in association with this neoplasm, correlate well with its generally predictable benign behavior.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Effects of therapy on carcinoembryonic antigen activity in the urines of patients with cancer of the bladder.

Carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) levels were quantitated in specimens of urine for 16 patients with invasive transitional-cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Four of the patients had received x-irradiation to the bladder and four had been treated with the radiomimetic agent, thiotepa. Urinary CEA levels in these patients (3.7 +/- 2.4 ng/ml) were significantly lower (t = 6.17, P less than .001) than levels from a similar group of eight patients who had not been treated with radiotherapy (20.3 +/- 8.7 ng/ml). These results suggest that "false-negative" urinary CEA levels may, in some cases, be associated with previous radiotherapy.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1980

Carcinoma in situ: comments on the pathobiology of a paradox.

Carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder has been recognized as a pathologic entity for over a quarter of a century, yet its biologic and clinical significance is controversial. It has been established that the presence of areas of carcinoma in situ in bladders harboring tumors heralds a relatively poor prognosis. However, the prognostic significance of carcinoma in situ in patients without prior or current solid tumors remains open to question. From the standpoint of cancer biology, the possibility that a morphologic mimicker of carcinoma in situ lacks the metabolic machinery or crucial structural components required to complete the process of neoplastic transformation raises interesting cells. The term carcinoma paradoxicum is introduced to describe functionally benign but morphologically anaplastic intra-epithelial neoplasms with marginal malignant potential.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Blood group isoantigen deletion in carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder.

Blood group isoantigens A and H (O) were measured by the Secific Red Cell Adherence (SRCA) Test in nine radical cystectomy specimens removed from patients with extensive carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder. All bladders had areas of histologically normal epithelium and areas of epithelial atypia in addition to the carcinoma in situ. In eight cases, tissue-associated blood group isoantigens were deleted in areas showing either atypia or carcinoma in situ. Isoantigens were present in these areas in the ninth case. Blood group isoantigens were absent in approximately half of the sections of histologically normal epithelium. We propose that areas of epithelium which appear benign according to conventional histological criteria but in which the blood group isoantigens are absent may represent areas of low grade carcinoma in situ.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1978

Isoantigens A, B and H in urinary bladder carcinomas following radiotherapy.

ABH tissue isoantigens were measured by the Specific Red Cell Adherence (SRCA) test in 66 surgical specimens of urinary bladder, including 53 transitional cell carcinomas, 2 squamous cell carcinomas and 11 controls. The SRCA test was strongly positive in 10 of 11 controls. ABH isoantigens were absent or equivocally present in 68 percent of noninvasive carcinomas (stage 0) and in 65 percent of invasive carcinomas. Clinical histories revealed that all patients with invasive carcinoma who had strongly positive SRCA test results had received prior radiotherapy to the bladder region. None of the patients with invasive bladder carcinoma with negative or weakly positive SRCA tests had been radiated. Histopathology of tumors in both groups was similar. Results of this retrospective study support the hypothesis that radiation may induce differentiation in tumors, possibly through an enhancement of Golgi apparatus function. The SRCA test should not be used as a predictor of the biological behavior of future recurrences in patients with bladder carcinoma who have received therapeutic radiation since radiation may produce "false positive" SRCA test results.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1978

Direct pattern technique for posts and cores.

The technique described results in a well adapted cast post and core with good retention (Figs. 18 and 19). The chances of perforation of the root and trauma to the patient are reduced, and the expense of the procedure is minimal. This system is adaptable to single- or multirooted teeth and continually produces good results with minimal problems.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1977

Return of function in the thrombosed kidney after transplantation.

The incidence of intraglomerular thrombi in renal allografts and factors regulating their resolution were studied. A case report is presented in which resolution of intraglomerular thrombi is documented. In addition, 17 transplanted patients with renal biopsies were serially studied. Intraglomerular thrombi were found in 4 of 8 specimens taken 1 h after reanastamosis, all from donors with a terminal course involving prolonged hypotension. Glomerular fibrinolytic activity was markedly diminished in 4 of 11 patients' subsequent biopsy specimens; all taken during acute rejection. Resolution of thrombi was documented when signs of rejection were absent.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Pelvic hemangiopericytoma. Report of 4 patients and review of the literature.

Review of the literature revealed 42 patients with uterine hemangiopericytoma (HPC) and nine with extrauterine tumors. Three additional patients with uterine and one with extrauterine are described. The primary treatment should be aggressive surgery, but high doses of irradiation and chemotherapy may be of benefit in extensive disease or recurrences. The prognosis of uterine HPC is better than that of the extrauterine tumors. Cells from the extrauterine tumor were grown in tissue culture. The culture consisted of two cell types resembling pericytes and endothelial cells. The cells in culture retain most of the ultrastructural characteristics of the in vivo tumor.

Adult↗