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Biomedical subjects

A V Stepanov

Publications and source records attributed to A V Stepanov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[The clinico-immunological validation of associated immunization].

Clinico-immunological studies on men were conducted using associated immunization by pair combinations of 8 commercial national vaccines (typhoid, plague, typhus, smallpox, tick-borne encephalitis, yellow-fever, cholera and sextaanatoxine). As for reactogenicity and immunological efficiency (serological studies), these pair associations can be subdivided into three main groups. The first group consists of pair combinations of vaccines that cannot exert any influence on immunogenicity of cause the development of frequent post-vaccination reaction or temporary disability (typhus, smallpox, tick-borne encephalitis, yellow-fever vaccines). These preparations are completely compatible in every combination. The second group includes plague and cholera vaccines that reduce its immunogenicity under the influence of more active antigens or increase its reactogenicity being associated with typhoid vaccine or sextaanatoxine. The third group is composed of typhoid vaccine and sextaanatoxine that have high reactogenicity and stable serological shifts. Associations of the first group are the most favourable for anti-epidemiological practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Studies of a "new" rickettsiosis "Astrakhan" spotted fever.

The acute febrile disease with characteristic rash seen in Astrakhan region and named as "viral exanthema of unknown etiology" was proved to be a spotted fever group rickettsiosis. Serological examination of humans from endemic areas by complement fixation test revealed antibodies to R. conorii, R. akari and strains Netsvetaev and AR-74 of R. sibirica in titres from 20 to 640 in sera from ill persons. Of 429 sera from healthy persons, 5.1% were serologically positive in a titre of 20-40. The presence of spotted fever group rickettsiae was detected in 8 of 104 Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks removed from dogs and tested by haemocyte test with Gimenez staining and indirect immunofluorescence technique. Attempts at isolation of rickettsiae in guinea pigs and cell cultures resulted in appearance of specific spotted fever group rickettsiae antibodies in guinea pigs (4 of 8 samples examined were positive) and detection of rickettsiae by immunofluorescence technique in cell cultures (in 2 of 12 samples tested).

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The effect of salmonella infection on the functional activity of the polymorphonuclear leukocytes].

Experiments on noninbred white mice have revealed that in the animals infected with S. moscow secondary immunodeficiency develops, which is manifested by a significant decrease in the activity of the bactericidal system of peripheral blood granular leukocytes. Simultaneously, the content of myeloperoxidase in the blood neutrophils of infected mice decreases 1.4 times and the content of lysozyme in these neutrophils decreases 2 times. Such changes are the consequence of an increase in the secretory activity of cells, occurring in the process of the development of Salmonella infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The experimental validation of associated immunization with paired combinations of vaccines].

Experimental researches were conducted on reactogenicity and immunological efficiency of pair associations of 8 commercial drug preparations. The following vaccines were used in various pair combinations: typhoid, plague, smallpox, typhus, tick-borne encephalitis, yellow-fever, cholera, sextaanatoxine. Pair combinations of these drug preparations were proved to be harmless. Their reactogenicity was manifested mainly in more or less pronounced vaccination reaction which may be considered as tolerable. Immunological efficiency practically of all pair combinations of vaccines, which was determined by the frequency and intensity of antibody formation, had the same indexes as the control one. The immunity expression of a large majority of pair combinations of vaccines also was unchanged. The study in vitro of compatibility of pair associations of vaccines proves the low stability of yellow-fever vaccine, which falls down under the influence of plague and cholera vaccines, or sextaanatoxine. On the contrary, smallpox vaccine makes yellow-fever vaccine more active. Plague vaccine is stimulated by smallpox vaccine and is oppressed with combined application of typhoid vaccine and sextaanatoxine.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[YAG-laser surgery of the complications following reconstructive keratoplasty].

The analysis of results after 79 reconstructive operations has revealed postoperative complications in 74.4% of cases: secondary cataract, anterior and posterior synechiae, vitreocorneal adhesions, deformation of the pupil, secondary glaucoma. In order to avoid them, the authors propose to use YAG-laser surgery. Methods, indications and terms are described in detail. In remote terms of observation over 37 patients no complications connected with laser surgery were recorded. The incidence of graft opacification in them was 16.2% (6 eyes). A conclusion is made that YAG-laser surgery is highly effective and nontraumatic for elimination of complications after reconstructive keratoplasty.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1990

[Prolongation of the effect of immunostimulators as means of increasing resistance to causative agents of infection].

Possible prolongation of the biological effect of some available immunostimulators such as prodigiozan, salmozan, polyribonate and thymalin by their sorption on aluminium hydrate was studied. It was shown that in comparison to the native immunostimulators the sorbed ones had a more pronounced biological action and provided a more prolonged increase in the host resistance to the causative agents of gas gangrene and typhoid fever. Using prodigiozan as an example it was demonstrated that the observed increase in the anti-infective activity of the sorbed drugs was associated with more intensive stimulation of some immunological factors involved in regulation of host nonspecific resistance. The results of the study are likely to indicate that it was experiment to further investigate the drugs to reveal their efficacy in other infection models and to optimize the schemes of their use.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1990

[The effect of immunostimulants on the resistance of white mice to the causative agent of typhoid fever].

The influence of prodigiosan, salmosan, polyribonate and levamisole on the body nonspecific and specific resistance to S. typhi strain 4446 has been studied. Prodigiosan and salmosan have proved to be the most effective. The injection of these compounds simultaneously with typhoid vaccine (both chemical adsorbed vaccine and alcohol-treated vaccine, enriched with Vi-antigen) significantly increases the survival rate of immunized animals (by 35-45%), elevates the resistance index (1.5- to 2.3-fold) and the effectiveness index of the vaccine (17- to 32-fold) in comparison with the controls. Besides, prodigiosan and salmosan alone are capable of increasing nonspecific resistance to S. typhi strain 4446, which is manifested by an increase of the survival rate of stimulated animals by 61.87%. Proceeding from the results thus obtained, the possibility of good prospects for prodigiosan and salmosan in the prophylaxis of typhoid fever in humans may be inferred.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1988

[Selection of the method of cholangiography in cholestasis].

A statistical investigation of the effectiveness of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in 223 patients and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography in 204 patients was performed. In typical cases of obturative jaundice of unclear etiology the endoscopic retrograde cholangiography is recommended to patients with the level of general bilirubin lower than 10 mg%, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography--to patients with the level higher than 10 mg%.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1987

[The effect of polypeptides from the thymus, bone marrow and bursa of Fabricius on the immunogenesis and hemostasis in neonatally thymectomized and antenatally bursectomized chickens].

The effect of polypeptides from the thymus, bone marrow and bursa of Fabricius on immunogenesis and hemostasis was investigated in neonatally thymectomized and antenatally bursectomized chickens. It has been established that polypeptide factors from the bursa of Fabricius have the most pronounced effect on the immunity and hemostasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of immunomodulators on resistance to gas gangrene. The enhanced resistance of white mice to perfringens toxin type A as affected by prodigiozan].

Experiments on 575 noninbred white mice have revealed that the nonspecific resistance of the animals to type A C. perfringens toxin can be enhanced by the administration of Prodigiosan, a commercial immunostimulating agent. Prodigiosan, introduced in 3-4 injections (the last one made 24 hours before intoxication) has been found to enhance the resistance of the animals to the subcutaneous injection of type A C. perfringens toxin by 40-60% and to its intraperitoneal injection by 60-97%.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗