Biomedical subjects

A Tsuchiya

Publications and source records attributed to A Tsuchiya.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

Evaluation of aspiration biopsy cytology and combined preoperative tests in the diagnosis of breast cancer.

This study was conducted to investigate the usefulness of aspiration biopsy cytology (ABC) and other combined tests for the preoperative diagnosis of breast cancer. In an analysis of 599 aspirates of breast tumors, "suspicious" cases were included among the positive, while "borderline" cases were considered to be negative. The sensitivity of ABC was 87.3%, the specificity was 92.3%, and the predictive value of a positive diagnosis was 92.8%. A total of 207 cases of breast cancer were evaluated to determine the diagnostic significance of breast cancer, particularly for tumors less than 2.0cm by means of quadruple test including physical examination, mammography (MMG), ultrasonography (US), and ABC. The combined tests of MMG or US, and ABC resulted in a sensitivity of 96.2% and 94.9%, respectively, and were considered to complement each other in the diagnosis of small breast cancer. Surgical biopsy is thus not always necessary in malignant cases that are conclusively diagnosed by the combined quadruple test.

Biopsy, Needle↗

PubMed1995

Venous invasion as a prognostic factor in colorectal cancer.

Venous invasion as a prognostic factor was evaluated in 124 patients with colorectal cancer. By classifying the patients as having either negative to mild invasion or moderate to marked invasion, a significant correlation was found between the degree of venous invasion and clinicopathological variables such as lymphatic invasion, lymph node metastasis, liver metastasis, and DNA ploidy. Significantly more favorable survival was seen in those with a lower degree of vascular invasion; however, of the six prognosticators analyzed by Cox's proportional hazard model, the only significant factors were depth of invasion and DNA ploidy. Although venous invasion showed no significance, it is still considered a valuable prognostic indicator that is easy and economical to perform.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1995

Lymph node metastases in gastric cancer invading the submucosal layer.

We investigated the incidence of lymph node metastasis in 80 patients with early gastric cancer invading the submucosal layer and the relation of metastasis to other clinicopathological variables. All patients underwent curative gastric resection with lymphadenectomy. Lymph node metastasis was detected histologically in 15 patients. The incidence of nodal involvement showed significant increase paralleling the depth of cancer invasion. There was no relation between nodal involvement and histological differentiation. No patients died of gastric cancer during the follow-up. We conclude that gastrectomy with R2 lymphadenectomy is an appropriate operative method for early gastric cancer in which precise diagnosis of cancer invasion cannot be confirmed preoperatively.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

p53 mutations and overexpressions in Japanese breast cancer.

Mutations in the p53 gene were analysed in 50 cases with breast cancer by PCR-SSCP and direct DNA sequencing. Mutations were found in 10 of 50 cases (20%) including a case with Tis, and loss of the normal allele was found in five of these cases. Eight of the 10 mutations occurred within highly conserved domains, but no mutational hot spots were found. GC to AT transitions were the most frequent mutations (six of 10 cases), while mutations at CpG dinucleotides were found in three cases (30%). AT to TA transversions were the second most frequent mutation (20%). The level of expression of p53 protein was assessed by Western blot analysis in 62 cases. Overexpression of p53 protein was detected in 21 of 62 cases (34%) including a case with Tis. There was a strong correlation between missense mutations in the p53 gene and overexpression of p53 protein. Overexpression of p53 protein was closely associated with increasing tumour size and ER-negative status among the various factors investigated, suggesting that p53 overexpression may reflect the lack of differentiation in breast cancer.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1995

[Anti-atheromatous effects of fenofibrate, a hypolipidemic drug. I: Anti-atheromatous effects are independent of its hypolipidemic effect in cholesterol-fed rabbits].

Anti-atheromatous effects of fenofibrate were studied in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Rabbits in the control group (HCD) and fenofibrate group (F-HCD) were fed the 0.5% cholesterol diet and the 0.5% cholesterol plus 0.11% fenofibrate diet (corresponding to ca. 30 mg/kg/day), respectively, for 2, 4 or 10 weeks. Fenofibrate did not change serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride during the feeding period. The percentage of plaque area (PPA) formation in the thoracic aorta was time-dependently increased. PPA values were reduced in the rabbits treated with fenofibrate for 2 and 4 weeks, but not in those treated for 10 weeks. Fenofibrate had no effect on the plaque thickness. The percentage of circulating free platelets in the HCD group was reduced at the 4th week of feeding, but that in the F-HCD group was not. The anti-platelet effect of fenofibrate might cause the anti-atheromatous effect. Fenofibric acid, an active metabolite of fenofibrate, had no inhibitory effect on LDL peroxidation in vitro. From these results, we conclude that fenofibrate manifests an anti-atheromatous effect independent of the hypolipidemic effect in cholesterol-fed rabbits and that it may inhibit an early event in the atherogenesis.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

[Evaluation of nuclear morphometric risk grade as a prognostic factor of early breast cancer].

The prognostic significance of nuclear areas was studied in 241 patients with primary stage I or II breast cancer. The mean follow-up period was 56.4 months. The nuclear areas of 100 breast cancer cells in HE stained specimen in each patient were measured by means of an image analyzing system, and the mean nuclear area (MNA) and standard deviation of nuclear area (SDNA) were calculated. MNA and SDNA were significantly larger in patients with recurrence than without it. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the Nuclear Morphometric Risk Grade (NMRG), which was defined as follows: high risk: MNA > or = 80 microns 2 and SDNA > or = 28 microns 2; low risk: MNA < 80 microns 2 or SDNA < 28 microns 2. High risk patients revealed significantly poor disease free and overall survival than low risk patients (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, NMRG was a significant prognostic factor in node-negative patients. Cox multivariate analysis showed that nodal status and NMRG were independent predictors of tumor recurrence (n:p = 0.001; NMRG:p = 0.27) and survival (n:p < 0.001; in the NMRG:p = 0.0007). NMRG was a strong prognostic factor in patients in the early stage and it might support the decision for or against adjuvant therapy.

Breast Neoplasms↗

PubMed1995

[Biomechanical study on the optimal running route for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction].

The purpose of this study was to determine the isometric points for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and to investigate notch impingement with isometric reconstruction. The length pattern of ACL was assessed by three-dimensional bi-plane X-ray photogrammetry for determining the isometric point for ACL reconstruction. The isometric points were studied in six fresh cadaveric knees with no injury in any ligament. Five femoral and four tibial attachment sites were selected for intra-articular reconstruction. In each knee, 20 different combinations were studied. For extra-articular reconstruction, three femoral and three tibial sites were selected. In these knees, nine different combinations were studied. One isometric point for intra-articular ACL reconstruction was a combination of the 5-mm superior posterior point from the femoral attachment of the ACL and the center point of the tibial attachment. The other was a combination of the anterior-proximal edge of the femoral attachment and anterior edge of the tibial attachment. There were no isometric points for extra-articular ACL reconstruction. To investigate notch impingement, eight cadaveric knees were studied. One femoral and three tibial attachment sites were selected. For the reconstructed ligaments, 8-mm and 10-mm cables were used. In each cadaveric knee, six different conditions were studied. When the tibial hole was positioned in the center of the attachment of ACL with an 8-mm graft, then notch impingement did not occur. When the tibial drill holes were positioned in a more anterior position, then notch impingement occurred in all the cadaveric knees in which an 8-mm graft was used. With the 10-mm grafts, notch impingement occurred in all three bony tunnel conditions. In these conditions, notch impingement occurred widely from the medial side of the roof to the wall of the lateral femoral condyle. Thus, if the graft diameter is greater than 8 mm, adequate notch plasty must be performed.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament↗

PubMed1995

[Potential of succinylcholine-induced neuromuscular blockade by nitrous oxide].

To evaluate the potentiating effect of nitrous oxide on the succinylcholine (SCh)-induced neuromuscular blockade, 0.16, 0.20, 0.25 or 0.31 mg.kg-1 of Sch was given during thiamylal-fentanyl anesthesia with or without nitrous oxide, and the evoked electromyograph of hypothenar muscles was measured. ED50 and ED95 in the group receiving nitrous oxide were 0.187 and 0.301 mg.kg-1, and 0.218 and 0.389 mg.kg-1 in the group not receiving nitrous oxide respectively. In the presence of nitrous oxide, the dose-response curve (DRC) was shifted to the left significantly (P < 0.01). By the multiple regression analysis, the degree of the neuromuscular blockade was shown to be affected by dose and nitrous oxide. It was demonstrated that nitrous oxide decreased electromyographically measured SCh requirements by 16.1%. In addition, the dose-effect relationship for SCh-induced neuromuscular blockade varied widely, and gender did not affect the degree of block.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Correlation between c-myc protein expression and phases of the cell cycle in human colorectal carcinomas.

There is a direct correlation between the overexpression of the c-myc product and the clinicopathological state of patients with colorectal carcinomas. This study was carried out to understand the reasons for this. In vitro, S-phase synchronous culture was performed using the human colon carcinoma cell lines, COLO201 and SW480; and thymidine-hydroxyurea blockage was carried out. The proportion of c-myc protein-positive cells decreased gradually with progressive stage of the cell cycle, as determined by flow cytometry (FCM) and Western blot analysis. A rapid decrease in the number of c-myc protein-positive cells in the GO G1-phase was the main reason for the complete loss of c-myc protein expression in the S-phase of synchronous culture, although the percentage of these cells was higher in the S and G2M-phases than in the GOG1-phase after each initiation of synchronous culture. These findings suggest that the c-myc protein-positive cells which were arrested in the G1-phase could play an important role in cell proliferation. In another study, 46 paraffin-embedded specimens of human colorectal carcinomas were examined for c-myc protein expression by flow cytometry (FCM). Patients with higher expression in the GOG1-phase (% positive cells > or = mean) showed significantly lower rates of survival (p = 0.004), as determined using the generalized Wilcoxon's method, and this higher expression correlated with aneuploid carcinoma (p = 0.005), with metastasis to the lymph nodes (p = 0.003), with the degree of regional lymph node metastasis (p = 0.02), and with the depth of wall-infiltration by the carcinoma (p = 0.006), as determined using the chi square test. Liver metastases and peritoneal dissemination did not correlate with c-myc protein expression. Analyses of all phases were carried out, however, similar results were obtained by analyzing only the GOG1-phase of the cell cycle. Therefore, it would seem that determination of c-myc protein expression in a carcinoma, especially in the G1-phase of the cell cycle, would be useful as a marker of tumor progression and for evaluation of the clinical prognosis of patients with colorectal carcinomas.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the colon.

A case of primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the colon in a 73-year old woman is reported. Primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the colon is rare, and follows more highly aggressive course. But this case was successfully resected with prolonged survival. The pertinent literature is reviewed.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the gastric stump developing 9 years after a distal gastrectomy for a peptic ulcer: a case report and review of the literature.

We report herein the case of a 65-year-old man who developed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the gastric stump 9 years after undergoing a distal gastrectomy for a gastric ulcer. The patient presented with epigastric discomfort, and an upper gastrointestinal series and gastroscopy revealed a lymphoma lesion located close to the site of his gastroduodenal anastomosis. A total gastrectomy was performed, followed by combination chemotherapy, comprised of vincristine, Endoxan, prednisone and Adriamycin (VEPA). Histologically, the resected specimen was diagnosed as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The patient has remained well without any signs of recurrence for 18 months since his operation. Although there have been a number of reports of adenocarcinoma developing in the gastric stump following surgery for peptic ulcers, the development of malignant lymphoma under such conditions is rare. Following the presentation of this case, we review the available literature and discuss the possibility of malignant lymphoma developing in the gastric stump.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

A cooperative randomized controlled study of adjuvant chemoendocrine therapy for breast cancer in Japan.

A randomized trial was carried out in 55 Japanese institutions to examine the significance of postoperative adjuvant chemoendocrine therapy in Stages II and IIIA breast cancer patients after radical mastectomy. A total of 619 patients were entered from November 1982 to November 1984, of whom 554 were eligible. Patients were administered MMC (13 mg/m2) after surgery, and were randomized by the envelope method into either group A (ftorafur, 400 mg/m2/day; 275 patients), or group B (ftorafur, 400 mg/m2/day, and tamoxifen, 20 mg/day; 279 patients). Treatment was continued for 1 year from postoperative day 7. There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to age, menopausal status, ER status, method of operation, stage, or number of positive lymph nodes. There was also no significant difference between the two groups in the 5-year survival and disease-free survival (DFS) rates (Kaplan-Meier method). Stratification by ER status, nodal status, or menopausal status produced no significant differences between the groups. However, postmenopausal patients and lymph node-positive patients who were also ER-positive showed a significantly higher DFS in group B. Furthermore, group B in ER-positive patients with four or more positive lymph nodes also had a higher survival rate.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Bladder carcinoma producing granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). A case report].

A 69-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital complaining of general fatigue and lower abdominal pain. She had undergone total cystectomy because of invasive recurrent bladder carcinoma three months ago. Histopathological diagnosis was transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) grade 3 and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), pT3a. A goose egg-sized painful mass was noticed at the lower abdominal region. A CT scan revealed an intrapelvic fist-sized mass and suggested tumor recurrence with ileus caused by intestinal invasion. The laboratory examination showed remarkable leukocytosis of 79,700/mm3 in the peripheral blood and serum analysis revealed high value of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), 240 pg/ml (normal: less than 30 pg/ml). In spite of active treatment, the patient died of cachexia about a month after detection of the leukocytosis. The autopsy showed that the recurrent tumor had positive immunohistochemical staining for G-CSF, and the bone marrow had reactive proliferation mainly by granulocytes. From these findings, this case was diagnosed as bladder carcinoma producting G-CSF. G-CSF producting tumor of the bladder is very rare. This was the 8th case in Japanese literatures. The previous reports were reviewed and discussed.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

[Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the successful treatment of two cases of radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis].

Hemorrhagic cystitis resulting from radiation to pelvic visceral malignant lesions often might be incurable and there have been established no definitive treatment. We experienced 2 cases with radiation-induced severe hemorrhagic cystitis refractory to conventional therapy. The treatment with hyperbaric oxygen to control hematuria was performed and obtained successful results. Gross hematuria was disappeared and cystoscopic figure was remarkably improved. No remarkable side-effect was observed in both patient. This experience suggested that hyperbaric oxygen could be considered the primary treatment for patient with radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis instead of usual treatment.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

Six cases of heterochronous gastrointestinal cancer preceded by breast cancer.

Among 432 women with primary breast cancer, six (1.4%) were diagnosed as having gastrointestinal cancer more than six months after operation for the breast cancer. This paper presents these six cases. The patients ranged from 56 to 78 years of age at the time of breast cancer surgery, and the interval after surgery until diagnosis of the second cancer ranged from 7 months to 5 years 1 month. The second cancer was gastric cancer in 3, esophageal cancer in 2, and hepatic cancer in 1. All of the 6 patients had received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. The most frequent histological type of breast cancer was solid-tubular carcinoma (3 patients). Three patients died, due to the second cancer, 4 days, 2 months, and 6 months, respectively, after diagnosis of the second cancer, and the other patients are alive 2, 3, and 4 years after diagnosis. The Japanese literature regarding multiple cancer among breast cancer patients is reviewed. It is concluded that care should be taken to examine breast cancer patients with gastrointestinal symptoms, which are likely to be dismissed as a side effect of postoperative chemotherapy.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

[A case of endocrinologically active retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma].

A 27-year-old female complained of right upper abdominal pain. Computed tomography revealed a retroperitoneal tumor located between the right kidney and the vena cava. The preoperative value of noradrenaline in urine was high, 221.1 micrograms/day. She underwent surgery and the resected tumor was 330 g in weight and 8 x 6 x 4 cm in size. Histopathological diagnosis was ganglioneuroma. Retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma is rare and only 82 cases including our case have been reported in Japan, in recent years, adult cases are increasing in number. Endocrinological abnormalities were observed in 9 cases. Although six of the 9 patients were younger than 5 years old, the others were adults. These adult patients had no endocrinological symptoms.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Potentiation by nitrous oxide of vecuronium neuromuscular blockade measured by EMG].

This study was designed to evaluate the potentiation by nitrous oxide of the neuromuscular blockade by vecuronium measured by the evoked electromyogram (EMG). Vecuronium, 0.0225, 0.03 or 0.04 mg.kg-1 was given during thiamylalfentanyl anesthesia with and without nitrous oxide, and EMG of the hypothenar muscle was measured. ED50 and ED95 were 0.0271 and 0.0480 mg.kg-1 in the group receiving nitrous oxide, and 0.0304 and 0.0555 mg.kg-1 in the group not receiving nitrous oxide. Dose-response curve (DRC) constructed from log-probit transformation for the group not receiving nitrous oxide was shifted to the right by 12.4%. By multiple regression analysis it was also revealed that the magnitude of the blockade was influenced by dose, nitrous oxide, sex and body mass index (BMI). DRCs for the female patients were shifted to the left, and the those differences caused by sex were shown to increase during anesthesia without nitrous oxide. It is concluded that the potentiation by nitrous oxide of vecuronium neuromuscular blockade obtained by EMG is less than that reported measuring by mechanomyogram, and also the magnitude of the blockade is influenced by sex and BMI, but the difference caused by sex is decreased by administration of nitrous oxide.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

[Potentiation of pancuronium induced neuromuscular blockade by nitrous oxide].

To evaluate in man the potentiation by nitrous oxide of the neuromuscular blockade produced by pancuronium, pancuronium 0.025, 0.035, 0.049 or 0.068 mg.kg-1 was given during thiamylal-fentanyl anesthesia with and without nitrous oxide, and the evoked electromyography (EMG) of hypothenar muscle was measured. In the group receiving nitrous oxide the ED50 and ED95 were 0.0359 and 0.0691 mg.kg-1. In the group not receiving nitrous oxide, these values were 0.0389 and 0.0849 mg.kg-1. The dose-response curve (DRC) constructed from log-probit transformation for the group not receiving nitrous oxide shifted to the right for 10.3% (P < 0.05). It was also revealed that the magnitude of the blockade was influenced by dose, gender, nitrous oxide, lean body mass and body surface area by the multiple regression analysis. DRS for the female patients shifted to the left, and the differences between both sexes seemed to decrease in the group receiving nitrous oxide. It is concluded that the results of the present study appears to be similar to those obtained in the previous study on vecuronium using EMG.

Adolescent↗