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Biomedical subjects

A Tracqui

Publications and source records attributed to A Tracqui.

102 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

A case of acute dapsone poisoning: toxicological data and review of the literature.

A case of nonfatal, acute poisoning following the ingestion of an undetermined amount of dapsone (DDS) in a 49-year-old woman is presented. The clinical features were dyspnea and deep cyanosis. Methemoglobinemia was 39.0% on admission. DDS was identified and quantitated in blood samples taken on the third day (sample A) and fifth day (sample B) in the hospital using a high-performance liquid chromatographic technique with diode-array detection. DDS concentrations were 26.99 and 8.40 micrograms/mL in samples A and B, respectively. Results are discussed in the light of an extensive review of the literature (1950-1993) available on DDS poisonings.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A fatal case of alimemazine poisoning.

Alimemazine, a phenothiazine derivative with the properties of antihistamines, was determined by a selective high-performance liquid chromatographic technique in blood and tissues from a postmortem case. The blood concentration of alimemazine was 6.52 micrograms/mL. The brain was the major site of drug deposition, and tissue distribution is discussed in light of the existing literature.

Antipruritics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of codeine and phenobarbital in sweat collected with a sweat patch.

Six male and two female subjects participated in a clinical study to determine the time course, the cumulative excretion, the intrasubject variability, the influence of site application, and the concentrations of codeine or phenobarbital in sweat following administration of a single dose of the drug. The doses of codeine and phenobarbital were 90 and 100 mg. respectively. Sweat was collected by means of a Sudormed sweat patch. Patches were removed at specified times over 1 week, and the drug content was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using deuterated internal standards. Codeine was detectable at 1 h following the administration, and a plateau concentration was observed on the third day. The peak codeine concentration was observed during the 12-24-h period. Morphine was never detected in sweat. In contrast, phenobarbital was first observed 3 h after administration, and cumulative excretion was continual throughout the week. Intersubject variability was enormous, as the concentrations for the same dose were in a magnitude of 1-5. Concentrations were in the range of 2-127 and 0.5-33 ng per patch for codeine and phenobarbital, respectively. The influence of the site of patch application was evaluated by analysis of six patches, all removed at the same time (24 h) in two subjects receiving 90 mg codeine. Codeine concentrations differed by a magnitude of 1-3 according to the area of application: the upper arm, the back, and the ribs. These data suggest that the sweat patch technology can be useful for documenting drug use over a 1-week period of surveillance.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Colchicine poisoning: report of a fatal case and presentation of an HPLC procedure for body fluid and tissue analyses.

A case involving a suicidal overdose resulting from the ingestion of colchicine tablets is presented. The drug was quantitated using liquid chromatography. The femoral blood level was 62 ng/mL, and the maximum concentration found in bile was 2921 ng/mL. Therefore, bile appears to be the sample of choice for toxicological analysis when a poisoning case involving colchicine is suspected.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A fatal case of betaxolol poisoning.

We report the first case in the literature of fatal betaxolol (Kerlone) self-poisoning. After a single-step liquid-liquid alkaline extraction, betaxolol was identified by a high-performance liquid chromatographic-diode array detection screening procedure and then quantitated in cardiac blood, heart, brain, muscle, spleen, stomach contents, duodenum contents, liver, and kidney. The blood betaxolol concentration was 36 mg/L.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMedDate not supplied

HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS findings in fatality involving (Z)-cis-clopenthixol (zuclopenthixol).

A fatality that was due to massive ingestion of the thioxanthene neuroleptic (Z)-cis-clopenthixol (zuclopenthixol, Z-CPT) is described. The total toxicological screening and the quantitation of both the ingested drugs and its inactive isomer (E)-trans-clopenthixol (E-CPT, produced by in vivo isomerization) in postmortem fluids and viscerae were produced by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-diode array detection. Drug confirmation was carried out by HPLC-mass spectrometry with an ionspray interface. Although death occurred 40 h after the drug intake, postmortem blood concentrations were 391 and 275 mg/mL for Z-CPT and E-CPT, respectively (50 to 100 times the usual therapeutic values). The cause of death was suicide, and the manner was acute neuroleptic overdosage.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fatal overdosage with nefopam (Acupan).

This paper presents a fatality due to massive, intravenous self-administration of nefopam (Acupan), a non-opiate central analgesic, in a 37-year-old female. Nefopam was measured in various postmortem samples by means of high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry via an ionspray interface. Heart blood concentration was 4.38 microg/mL and exceeded by approximately 30 times the highest therapeutic levels with the usual reservations concerning possible postmortem redistribution. This is only the third case of death following nefopam overdose reported in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neurologic disorders due to brain manganese deposition in a jaundiced patient receiving long-term parenteral nutrition.

BACKGROUND: Neurologic and radiologic disorders have been reported in patients receiving long-term parenteral nutrition (PN). On the basis of elevated serum manganese levels, some of these abnormalities have been attributed to manganese intoxication. Alterations of the basal ganglia signal intensity on T1-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRIs) have been previously reported, but the precise nature of these alterations remains controversial although the deposition of manganese has been suggested in patients with chronic hepatic encephalopathy due to liver failure. METHODS: We report the case of a patient who was receiving PN and exhibited a chronic cholestasis. Neurologic disorders appeared after several months of PN, when a hypersignal in the basal ganglia and white matter was found on T1-weighted MRIs of the brain in association with elevated serum and manganese levels. RESULTS: Elevated autopsic concentrations of manganese were found in the radiologic abnormal cerebral areas. CONCLUSIONS: Our observation is the first demonstration of a relationship between high intracerebral manganese levels, radiologic abnormalities, and neurologic disorders during long-term PN. Moreover, serum manganese levels are not a good indicator of cerebral levels. In fact, in our patient, serum manganese levels returned to normal, whereas those of cerebral manganese remained increased.

Brain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tobacco, drug and narcotic abuse during pregnancy. Evaluation of in utero exposure by analysis of hair of the neonate].

Hair samples were collected at the time of delivery from 63 neonates whose mothers were known to be heroin (9 cases), nicotine (40 cases), benzodiazepines (11 cases), cocaine (2 cases) and amphetamine (1 case) users. In all cases, the corresponding drug was found in neonatal hair from the infants, with concentrations in the range 0.61-3.47 ng/mg (morphine), 0.15-11.80 ng/mg (nicotine), 3.36-17.55 ng/mg (diazepam), 0.78-31.83 ng/mg (oxazepam), 0.71-2.47 ng/mg (benzoylecgonine), and 1.21 ng/mg (amphetamine). A significant correlation (P < 0.001) was established between nicotine concentration in the hair of the neonates, and in the hair of their mother.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Simultaneous determination of dextropropoxyphene, norpropoxyphene and methaqualone in plasma by gas chromatography with selective nitrogen detection.

A method for the identification and quantification of dextropropoxyphene, norpropoxyphene, and methaqualone in plasma by GC/NPD is presented. The procedure employs cyclizine as the internal standard and requires no derivatization. After a single-step extraction, analysis is achieved in 8 min. The lower limits of detection were found to be 6, 12, and 1 ng/ml for dextropropoxyphene, norpropoxyphene, and methaqualone, respectively. This method appears to be rapid, sensitive, and applicable to forensic and clinical toxicological analyses.

Chromatography, Gas↗