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Biomedical subjects

A Tosti

Publications and source records attributed to A Tosti.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Nail changes as the first sign of systemic amyloidosis.

A 68-year-old man had had for 3 years a severe onychodystrophy involving all fingers and toes which clinically mimicked nail lichen planus. The nail biopsy showed amyloid deposits in the superficial dermis of the nail matrix. Physical, pathological and laboratory examinations confirmed the diagnosis of primary systemic amyloidosis. At the time of the diagnosis the patient did not present any other cutaneous sign of systemic amyloidosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Loose anagen hair in a child with Noonan's syndrome.

We report on a 4 1/2-year-old girl affected by loose anagen hair and Noonan's syndrome. The girl had short, blond, easily pluckable hair that had never been cut. The trichogram showed an absolute prevalence of abnormally shaped anagen bulbs lacking inner and outer root sheaths. A scalp biopsy evidenced a marked cleft formation between fragmented inner root sheaths and irregularly shaped hair shafts.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1991

The nail apparatus in collagen disorders.

Patients with collagen disorders may have a broad spectrum of nail changes. This article reviews the modifications of the nail apparatus that can be observed in the following diseases: systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, mixed connective tissue disease, rheumatoid arthritis, periarteritis nodosa, and Wegener granulomatosis. In all collagen diseases, the proximal nail fold is the most important site of alterations, and a careful inspection of this nail constituent is an essential part of the patient's routine clinical evaluation. Erythema and telangiectasia associated with visualization of the capillary loops are frequent findings; nail fold capillary hemorrhages and focal necrosis are also observed. The nail fold capillary microscopy abnormalities and the special nail changes that can be observed and characterize each collagen disorder are described. A careful clinical examination of the nail and a capillary microscopy study of the prossimal nail fold may, therefore, be decisive for the diagnosis of the collagen disorders. In fact, the nail unit alterations may give a clue that should not be overlooked.

Capillaries↗
PubMed1991

Gastric emptying and interdigestive antroduodenal motility in patients with esophageal scleroderma.

The study was carried out on two groups of patients with esophageal scleroderma (LES pressure less than 5 mm Hg and amplitude of smooth muscle pressure waves less than 10 mm Hg): one group included patients with mild (group M) and the other severe (group S) gastroesophageal reflux (GER) diagnosed by ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring. Nine normal subjects were used as controls. Antroduodenal motility was recorded by means of manometry for 200-300 min after an overnight fast and the gastric emptying (T1/2) of a semisolid meal was measured utilizing a scintigraphic method. Patients of group S showed a significantly lower incidence of migrating motor complex activity fronts, as well as a more delayed gastric emptying, compared with those of group M. The reason that patients with the same degree of esophageal motor impairment have different degrees of GER may lie in the fact that the concomitant impairment of gastrointestinal interdigestive cyclic clearing activity and the delay in gastric emptying may allow a larger quantity of material to remain stagnant in the gastric lumen, readily available for gastroesophageal reflux.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The treatment of visible signs of senescence: the Italian experience.

An open clinical study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-photoageing efficacy of topical tretinoin. A length of cream of approximately 1 cm was applied to the face daily in the evening for 6 months: during month 1 of therapy 0.01% tretinoin cream was administered; 0.025% was given during month 2; and 0.05% was given in months 3-6. The clinical symptoms of photoageing (coarse wrinkling, fine wrinkling, skin thinning, mottled hyperpigmentation, laxity and xerosis) were evaluated before and after therapy. A total of 19.1% of patients withdrew from the study; only 5.6% were for treatment-related reasons. At the end of the treatment period all the clinical parameters, except xerosis, were improved. The amount of improvement varied, but only 4.2% of patients failed to show any improvement. Tolerability was excellent in 51.4% of patients, good in 44.4% and fair in 4.2%, and compliance was excellent in 47.0% of patients, good in 48.5% and fair in 4.5%. Tolerability and compliance were improved by applying the same amount of cream each day but increasing the concentration of tretinoin over the 6-month period. Silicone skin replicas of the same area of skin taken before and after treatment, analysed by scanning electron microscopy, profilometry and computer image analysis, showed a decrease in the width of wrinkles, and an improvement in skin texture and follicle density.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1990

Morphological and immunohistochemical study of immediate contact dermatitis of the hands due to foods.

This histological and immunohistochemical study of 6 food handlers affected by immediate contact dermatitis due to foods shows that apparently normal skin of patients with this condition presents several histological and immunohistochemical abnormalities. Skin biopsies of normal hand skin showed focal parakeratosis and moderately dense dermal infiltrates. Immunohistochemistry showed an increased number of Langerhans cells in the epidermis and in the superficial dermis and a mononuclear dermal infiltrate consisting of peripheral T lymphocytes with a CD4/CD8 ratio of 5-6/1. Biopsies of the immediate vesicular reactions induced by foods showed spongiotic vesicles within the epidermis and a moderate to dense mononuclear dermal perivascular infiltrate. The immunohistochemical features were similar to those described in apparently normal skin. The mechanism of this immediate vesicular reaction requires further research. The rapid appearance of the lesions (after 20-30 min) probably excludes an immunological cell-mediated pathogenesis. A non-immunological mechanism due to direct liberation of mediators by foods is more readily conceivable than an immediate immunological type of contact reaction.

Adolescent↗