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Biomedical subjects

A Tosca

Publications and source records attributed to A Tosca.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Infiltrate of syphilitic lesions before and after treatment.

An immunohistological study of skin biopsy specimens from patients with early syphilis was undertaken before and after treatment (one day after intramuscular administration of 2.4 MIU benzathine penicillin and eight days later, after a total administration of 3.6 MIU. In chancres from seronegative patients treatment with 3.6 MIU usually resulted in fewer immunocompetent cells in the infiltrate. In lesions of secondary syphilis treatment with 2.4 MIU benzathine penicillin produced a significant decrease in immunocompetent cells. After treatment with 3.6 MIU there was no further decrease. It was worth noticing that even eight to nine days after the initial pretreatment biopsy, when 3.6 MIU had been administered, the overall lymphohistiocytic infiltrate was not substantially diminished. Significantly more suppressor (T8+) cells were found in lesions of primary syphilis than of secondary syphilis, and they showed remarkable exocytosis. Activated local T8+ cells may release immunosuppressive lymphokines.

Dendritic Cells↗
PubMed1988

Vitiligo as a reaction to topical treatment with diphencyprone.

During the topical treatment of 45 patients, who had extensive forms of alopecia areata, with the allergen diphencyprone, 3 of them (6.7%) developed vitiligo. Two were females and 1 male aged 53, 19 and 28 years respectively. None of these patients had a personal or family history of vitiligo. Vitiligo appeared 3-5 months after the onset of treatment and was localized only to the areas of topical application in the younger woman and the man. In the older woman, vitiligo extended to several areas apart from those where the medicament was applied. After the end of diphencyprone treatment, vitiligo had a spontaneous significant improvement only in the man. Mitochondrial autoantibodies were found in the older woman only. To our knowledge, vitiligo due to diphencyprone has not been previously reported.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1988

Nuchal nevus flammeus as a skin marker of prognosis in alopecia areata.

In this work, the incidence of nuchal nevus flammeus was studied in 205 patients suffering from various forms of alopecia areata, as well as in a group of 555 volunteers without alopecia areata examined in our outpatient clinic. The incidence of nuchal nevus flammeus in the totalis-universalis form of alopecia areata was 58.2% (examined patients, n = 79), in ophiasis-extensive forms 22.8% (examined patients, n = 70) and in simple forms of alopecia areata 3.6% (examined patients, n = 56). In the group of 555 volunteers without alopecia areata the incidence of nuchal nevus flammeus was 4.5%. Our results show that nuchal nevus flammeus could be a valuable skin marker indicating a more severe course of alopecia areata.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Delayed hypersensitivity and differences of histologic pattern in allergic cutaneous vasculitis.

Fourteen patients with allergic cutaneous vasculitis of either the polymorphonuclear (PMN)- or the mononuclear (MN)-predominant type were studied as regards the following parameters: the disease duration, histology, monoclonal antibody typing of the mononuclear cell infiltrate from recent lesions, and the delayed hypersensitivity (DH) response, assessed both by recall antigens (tuberculin type) and the dinitrochlorobenzene skin test. From the results, it was shown that in PMN-predominant vasculitis, DH reactions were well elicited, whereas in MN-predominant vasculitis, DH skin reactions were somehow impaired. In MN-predominant cases, many OKT3+, OKT4+, OKT8+, and OKM1+ cells were usually seen to surround the skin vessels, whereas in PMN-predominant cases, rare OKT8+, OKT4+, or OKM1+ cells were seen in the dermis. The epidermal dendritic cell system, as revealed by the Na(1)34 monoclonal antibody, was unaffected in both types of allergic cutaneous vasculitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Some further features for differential diagnosis between squamous cell carcinomas and basal cell epitheliomas.

Two further methods for the characterization of epidermal skin tumors are described: the antinuclear antibody (ANA) immunofluorescent test, which consists of indirect immunofluorescence with known high titer sera containing homogenous ANAs on epidermal skin tumors, and the ammoniacal-silver cytochemical method, which specifically stains nuclear histones. Squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), basal cell epitheliomas (BCEs) as well as control specimens from normal skin and benign epidermal hyperplasias were studied. The ANA immunofluorescent test was positive for most SCCs, mixed SCC and basal cell carcinomas and metatypical BCEs. The ammoniacal-silver method gave a characteristic staining pattern shared among SCCs, mixed carcinomas and metatypical BCEs. BCEs, besides metatypical ones, were always negative by the ANA immunofluorescent test and the same applied for the control specimens. The ammoniacal-silver method gave a characteristic staining pattern for BCEs and control sections quite different from the staining pattern of the more aggressive forms of epidermal tumors. The two methods usually yielded parallel results.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1985

Blood lymphocyte subpopulations studied with monoclonal antibodies in aleukaemic stages of mycosis fungoides.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 21 patients with aleukaemic stages of mycosis fungoides were studied with monoclonal T cell antibodies. Patients with erythematous eruptions or infiltrated plaques (group I) had a higher percentage of OKT4+ cells than patients with a tumorous stage (group II) or normal subjects (p = 0.05). OKT8+ cells were decreased in group I patients whereas in group II they were usually normal or increased (p less than 0.02). These data indicate that with advancing stage of the disease a different pattern of imbalance of T-cell subsets is being established.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Sweat gland disturbances in granuloma annulare and necrobiosis lipoidica.

We studied sweat gland distribution, density and activity in thirteen cases of granuloma annulare and ten cases of necrobiosis lipoidica, using a combination of the plastic impression and starch-iodine methods. The pattern of sweat gland disturbance in the two diseases was entirely different. In necrobiosis lipoidica an intense and uniform hypohidrosis was detected throughout the lesion, whereas in granuloma annulare the disturbance followed the morphology of the lesion (the papular border showed complete anhidrosis, whereas the flat central part of the lesion showed only moderate hypohidrosis or normal sweating). The method assigns numerical values to the 'relative density' and the 'relative activity' of the functioning sweat glands compared with normal skin, thus permitting statistical evaluation of the results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

In situ identification of mononuclear cells in lichen planus.

In this study, the in situ immunological typing of cell populations in lichen planus was attempted. T lymphocytes and suppressor/cytotoxic subsets, B lymphocytes, macrophages, immunocytes and Langerhans' cells were studied by one or more technical parameters and semiquantitative assessment of T cell populations were carried out. A critical evaluation of assays for T cell characterization was also attempted. T cells were found predominant in lichen planus infiltrate but macrophages were also many. Langerhans' cells were increased in the epidermis compared to normal skin and contact dermatitis.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1982

Sweat gland function in dermatophytosis.

In 54 cases of dermatophytosis, sweat gland disturbances and their possible mechanisms were studied. The basic perspiratory malfunction was intense hypohidrosis, with some hyperhidrotic phenomena being observed at particular points of the exanthem (margin and disc) in a few cases. It is worth noting that in 51.85% of the cases, hypohidrotic phenomena were also observed in areas of normal skin adjacent to the lesions. One of the most important forms of perspiratory disturbances was the closure of sweat ducts at the keratin level. The inflammatory process in the dermis may also affect gland function. Finally, there is a discussion of the significance of perspiratory disturbances in relation to special aspects of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Therapeutic attempts.

In 2 patients with anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, we were able to show that the hypoplastic eccrine glandular elements may give rise to normal eccrine glands both anatomically and functionally, after repeated local application of acetylcholine. The perspectives of our findings for the therapeutic management of the anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia are discussed and special attention is paid to the genetic background of the defect as well as the possible mode of action of acetylcholine.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1981

Evaluation of various antigenic substrates for the detection of antinuclear antibodies.

The present study deals with the evaluation of some substrates for the detection of nuclear antibodies by the indirect immunofluorescence method. We have examined white male mouse liver imprint, white female pregnant mouse liver imprint, compound substrate consisting of male mouse liver, kidney and gastric wall sections, skin sections from psoriatic patients, skin sections from squamous cell carcinomata, male rabbit spleen imprint, skin sections from healthy adults people, skin sections from basal cell epitheliomata, skin sections from patients with lichen planus, male mouse spleen imprint and male guinea pig spleen imprint. To evaluate the substrates, we have employed 4 selected sera from patients with collagen disease. It was observed that some types of antinuclear antibodies demonstrate greater affinity for certain substrates and the fluorescent nuclear pattern might change on serial dilutions. From all the substrates studied, the white male mouse liver imprint and the male rabbit spleen imprint were considered as the most efficient for routine purpose as they are both sensitive and easily obtainable.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Antigenic alterations in tumors of epidermal origin.

One hundred tumors of epidermal origin were studied by means of indirect immunofluorescence technique with sera from patients with proven pemphigus and bullous pemphigoid. We found that in tumors of epidermal origin, there was a loss of antigenicity of the intercellular substance and basement membrane; this was minimal for benign tumors, greater for premalignant tumors, and very clear for malignant tumors. We also found a gross correlation between the histologically proven malignancy of squamous cell carcinoma and the grade of antigenic loss; both for the intercellular substances and for the basement membrane antigens. However, this did not yeild definite results in the group with basal cell carcinoma. With regard, especially, to the intercellular substance antigen, it seemed to be completely independent of histologic type of basal cell carcinoma. We found that the duration of the epidermal tumor did not correlate with the percentage of intercellular substance and basement membrane antigenic loss. This suggested that the antigenic loss was an early feature of neoplastic behavior. The deeper parts of the malignant tumors in the dermis showed a lower percentage of antigenicity for both antigens.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗