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Biomedical subjects

A Taylor

Publications and source records attributed to A Taylor.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Blood and urine gold levels during chrysotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis.

In this study the value of undertaking routine blood and urine estimations was assessed in relation to achieving maximum efficacy and safety in chrysotherapy. It was found that a favourable response to gold was forthcoming in approximately two-thirds of patients and occurred irrespective of the patients' disease duration or severity, or the mean serum gold level or the mean urinary gold excretion, estimated immediately before the next gold injection was due. The presence of rheumatoid nodules and the patients' advancing age were associated with a less favourable clinical response to gold. Those patients who derived a marked benefit from chrysotherapy did so significantly earlier in their course than those who derived only moderate benefit. A frequent correlation was seen in individual patients between serum gold levels and urinary gold excretion. This was most marked in those patients showing a favourable response to gold.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Analysis of activity of muscle spindles of the jaw-closing muscles during normal movements in the cat.

Recordings have been made of afferent activity from spindles of the jaw-closing muscles, together with jaw movement and e.m.g. from temporalis and masseter in conscious, unrestrained cats. 2. In the twenty-nine units studied, the pattern of spindle behaviour observed during eating and lapping was generally what might be expected of stretch receptors. Maximal firing frequencies were found during opening of the mouth (lengthening), while during active closing the discharge was progressively reduced or abolished. Nevertheless, changes in the relation of stretch to firing frequency in different movements indicated that fusimotor drive was not constant. 3. spindle afferents could be divided into two groups on the basis of their maximal firing frequency during eating. "High-frequency" units (range 240-600 impulses/sec) showed pronounced velocity sensitivity, which supports the proposal that they correspond to spindle primaries. 'Low-frequency" units (range 80-200 impulses/sec) showed predominantly length sensitivity and probably correspond to secondary endings. 4. Length sensitivity of low-frequency units was considerably greater in lapping movements than in eating, indicating increased static fusimotor drive in the former. Sensitivity in the opening phase of eating was indistinguishable from that recorded in deeply anaesthetized animals. 5. High-frequency units were generally silenced immediately active shortening commenced. 6. No simple relationship existed between temporalis or masseter e.m.g. and spindle firing. 7. These results imply that normal masticatory movements are not initiated or driven to any appreciable extent via the fusimotor route. Close alpha-gamma co-activation is not a feature of this situation. On the other hand, in some other movements, such as licking the lips, fusimotor drive could fluctuate so as largely to cancel the unloading effects of active muscle shortening.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1975

Gas metabolism in ovine rumen cultures on a nitrogen-deficient medium.

Inocula of rumen fluid from sheep were grown on a medium of low nitrogen content under an oxygen-free atmosphere containing N2. The cultures produced methane and carbon dioxide. Hydrogen gas was utilized and the partial pressure of N2 decreased by 24% in 48 h. Assuming this N2 to have been reduced to metabolically available nitrogenous compounds, these account for about 0.2% of the sheep's daily need.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1975

Loculation as a contraindication intracavitary 32P-chromic phosphate therapy.

Loculation of instilled 99mTc-sulfur colloid solution in the peritoneal cavity was observed in a patient being considered for intracavitary therapy with 32P-chromic phosphate. Since intracavitary instillation of a therapeutic dose of a radiopharmaceutical agent into a loculated space would risk therapeutic failure and tissue necrosis, prior instillation of a tracer nuclide is recommended to insure adequate dispersion before beginning such therapy.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1975

Concentrating ability of lymphatic vessels.

The fluid from implanted capsules was analyzed for plasma proteins and compared with fluid sampled from small lymphatics which drained the region of the implanted capsules. The plasma protein concentration of capsular and lymphatic fluids were not found to be statistically different, for capsules implanted for greater than one month. Capsules implanted for less than one month demonstrate a much higher total protein than lymphatic fluid. This difference is thought to be due to several factors: (1) length of time that capsule has been implanted, (2) inflammation surrounding capsule, (3) time lag between sampling of lymphatic and tissue fluids. If capsules were used that had been implanted for greater than 1-1/2 months, then capsular and lymphatic fluids are not statistically different. A model is presented which predicts that the small initial lymphatics could or could not concentrate plasma proteins depending on the fate of the leaked fluid. The concentrating ability of the initial lymphatics will depend on whether or not the fluid leaked from the initial lymphatic is large relative to the surrounding volume, the time course of protein diffusion to the vicinity of the lymphatic and the rate of fluid removal from the space immediately surrounding the lymphatic. While there is a distinct possibility, since the forces exist, for a concentrating mechanism in larger lymphatic vessels, the data from implanted capsules indicate that we can assume that lymphatic vessels, especially in the subcutaneous region, contain plasma protein concentrations that are fairly representative of the tissue fluids of that region.

Animals↗