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Biomedical subjects

A Stelzner

Publications and source records attributed to A Stelzner.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Effect of colchicine and indomethacin on leukocytic phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli].

The phagocytosis of S. aureus SG 511 and E. coli O4/K31 by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes is inhibited by colchicine in concentrations of 0.05 and 0.04%. In comparison to the controls the growth of bacteria was reduced but not stopped. If human blood is added to the culture medium, staphylococci multiply in the presence of all colchicine concentrations tested. In contrast E. coli grows only at a concentration of colchicine of 0.02-0.03%. Indomethacin dissolved in ethanol inhibited clearly the phagocytosis of S. aureus and E. coli. This inhibition was significant for concentrations of 2 X 10(-4) and 1 X 10(-4) mol/l. The behavior of the tested bacteria with respect to growth and multiplications was not affected. Indomethacin, however, retarded the bacterial growth in concentrations from 2 X 10(-4) up to 3.75 X 10(-5) mol/l. The multiplication of E. coli was stopped by indomethacin at a concentration of 2 X 10(-4) mol/l. If human blood is added to the phagocytosis test system with S. aureus and indomethacin, the bacteria will show a little reduction in the rate of the multiplication in concentrations of the compound from 2 X 10(-4) up to 3.75 X 10(-5) mol/l. At a concentration of 2 X 10(-4) mol/l, the growth of E. coli was inhibited. It is concluded that for the inhibition of phagocytosis--f. e. in blood culture systems--the concentration of colchicine must be 0.03-0.02%; for indomethacin an optimal concentration of 1 X 10(-4) mol/l is recommended.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1983

[Methodological error in clinical lysozyme determinations].

In 152 sera and 40 synovial fluids of 192 patients from 3 different diagnostic groups the level of muramidase was studied comparatively with the lysoplate method. Despite the similar correlations of mean values and standard deviations of the results in the single groups, en detail these are significantly different. With an increasing mean value of 1 U (mg/l) the standard deviation is elevated by 0.1-0.25 U, for an elevation of s by 1 U mean varied between 3.8 and 9.7 U. This might be of interest for the clinical interpretation esp. of low muramidase values.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

[Analysis of methods for optimizing lysozyme determination].

In order to optimize the detection of lysozyme in the clinic, studies on photometric and agar diffusion methods were performed with different preparations of micrococcus luteus (lysodeikticus). Living or living lyophilized preparations of micrococcus were suitable. The influence of temperature, test period and lysozyme concentration on the result was demonstrated. The lysoplate technique has several advantages in clinical routine tests, however an exact adjustment of the reagents and the test is necessary (living micrococcus, 3 hours incubation, 50 degrees C test temperature). The lysozyme measurements of different papers are transferable not without reserve and require a careful interpretation in respect of reproducibility and clinical relevance.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[The effect of hemoperfusion with XAD-4 resin on biological constituents of the blood].

13 patients who had undergone a haemoperfusion therapy with Amberlite XAD-4 resin (Haemoresin, Braun, F.R.G.) because of acute intoxication were examined for adsorption of biological material from the blood. Treatment lasting on average 4 hours at a blood-circulation rate of 200 ml/min resulted in a 43% reduction of thrombocytes and in changes in the concentrations of proteins, complement factors, triglycerides, aldosterone and testosterone. Low-molecular substances and electrolytes were however, except for sodium, only slightly influenced. Thus this haemoperfusion system is only suitable for shortterm application and cannot be used without substitution for chronic treatment of terminal renal insufficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Influence of hemoperfusion with XAD-4 resin on the concentration of biologic constituents in the blood.

13 patients, who had been subjected to hemoperfusion with Amberlite XAD-4 resin (Haemoresin, Fa. Braun), because of acute intoxications, were examined for the adsorption of bioactive material from the blood. A mean treatment period of four hours at a blood flow rate of 200 ml/min. resulted in a marked thrombocyte decrease by 43% and changes in the concentrations of proteins, complement components C3 and C4 (16-26%) triglycerides (33%), aldosterone (33%) and testosterone (20%). Low molecular weight substances and electrolytes, however, were only slightly or not affected. Thus hemoperfusion system with its poor biocompatibility and inability to remove BUN, electrolytes and water is only suitable for short-term treatment and cannot be used without detailed control of possible side effects and perhaps substitution for treatment of chronic renal or hepatic failure. Hemoperfusion has proved an efficient method of treating various exogenous intoxications. The adsorption of biologically active material from the blood constitutes several side effects which contraindicate long-term treatment, above all of endogenous intoxications such as chronic renal failure and hepatic failure. With the type of adsorber used - various charcoal preparations, resins etc. such as uncoated material or coated with different substances - these side effects vary and have not yet been investigated in a systematic, comparative and comprehensive way. The present investigations are meant to check the adsorption behaviour of Amberlite XAD-4 Resin in vivo towards some selected blood constituents and the influence of hemoperfusion on the concentrations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Optimization of lysozyme determination: comparative study of preparations of test cultures of Micrococcus luteus (M. lysodeikticus Fleming)].

About 6000 single measurements of the susceptibility of different preparations of Micrococcus luteus (M. lysodeikticus Fleming) cells were performed in order to assess their suitability for the determination of various muramidase concentrations. In particular, a turbidimetric method was compared with an agar-diffusion technique under varying experimental conditions. From our results it can be concluded that M. luteus cells washed with ether and acetone or living lyophilized cells are most suitable for turbidimetric determinations of lysozyme activity. The optimum conditions for turbidimetric assays comprised an initial transmission of 20% and a test time of 5 min. For the agar-diffusion technique fresh living or living lyophilized cells were most suitable. For a given incubation time of 3 h an incubation temperature of 50 degrees C yielded the best results.

Acetone↗
PubMed1981

Measurements of nonspecific humoral immune parameters in patients with chronic pyelonephritis.

The levels of autoantibody classes IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD against renal antigens together with CH50, C3, C4, lysozyme, and phagocytic activity against Staphylococcus aureus SG 511 and E. coli 014 were determined in serum samples from 3 groups of patients with chronic pyelonephritis. Increased levels of IgG and IgD were found in patients with severely impaired renal function while increased levels of IgM and IgD correlated with disease activity. C3 levels were increased with enhanced activity and C4 and lysozyme levels with reduced renal function and distinct activity. The value of these findings is discussed and the clinical usefulness of the determination of levels of IgM, IgD, C3, C4, and lysozyme is pointed out.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1981

[Serum and urine lysozyme in chronic pyelonephritis and chronic glomerulonephritis].

In 130 patients with chronic pyelonephritis and 215 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis the serum lysozyme content was established and in 114 and 186, respectively, the enzyme content of their urine tests. Moreover the lysozyme measurement in the serum of 28 patients undergoing haemodialysis was performed. A collective of 50 healthy persons served as comparative group. The lysozyme estimation was performed by means of the agar-diffusion technique after Ossermann and Lawlor in own modification. The average serum lysozyme levels of the patients with pyelonephritis (mean =7.3 micrograms/ml) as well as of the patients with glomerulonephritis (mean = 5.7 micrograms/ml) were significantly increased in contrast to the control group (mean = 4.5 micrograms/ml). Differences could be recognized between the various forms of glomerulonephritis. 34.2% of the patients with pyelonephritis and 37.1% of the patients with glomerulonephritis showed a lysozymuria. In functional restrictions of the kidneys as well as in active forms of the diseases increased concentrations in serum and urine could be established.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Lysozyme (muramidase) and hemolytic complement (CH50U) in sera of beagle dogs and minipigs after longterm application of different preparations of estrogens and gestagens.

In studies for the chronic toxicity of estrogens and gestagens, lysozyme and hemolytic complement (CH50U) in sera of beagle dogs and minipigs were measured. Various doses of the sexsteroids were given: 0.01 mg, 0.1 mg and 1.0 mg/kg respectively. The influence of the steroids on the tested parameters after an application for 6 months was not significant, only in a single series with unphysiologically, high dosages of the preparations were some values changed significantly.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Comparative studies into effects of synthetic oestrogens and gestagens on certain serum protein fractions under standardised conditions (author's transl)].

Initial effects of the following hormonal contraceptives on certain serum proteins in 29 women were checked under standardised conditions through the first three cycles on the pill: Deposiston (ethinyloestradiol-sulphonate/norethisterone-acetate), Gravistat (ethinyloestradiol/norgestrel), Non-Ovlon (ethinyloestradiol/norethisterone-actate).--Effects were found to differ strongly by fractions. Differences were recorded also from action over time. Changes and deviations were confirmed to depend on oestrogen levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Reversibility of alterations induced by sexual steroids in various serum protein fractions, following application of hormonal contraceptives (author's transl)].

Reversibility of changes induced by sexual steroids was studied in 19 different serum protein fractions of 20 women. The following preparations were available for testing: Gravistat (ethinyl-oestradiol/norgestrel), Non-Ovlon (ethinyloestradiol/norethisterone-acetate), Ovosiston (mestranol/chlormadinone-acetate), and Deposiston (ethinyloestradiol-sulphonate/norethisterone-acetate). The tests were made towards the end of the 24th cycle on the pill and in the first cycle thereafter.--The proteins tested were found to be affected in a differentiated way and, throughout, depending on oestrogen levels. Reversal was rapid, but the phase of restitution usually was longer than the period of testing and follow-up. The long-lasting action of Deposiston was visualised also in its "reversal effect".

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1980

[Virological diagnostics of acute respiratory diseases].

Considering mainly practical aspects, a review of available methods of virological diagnosis of acute respiratory diseases is given. The first part contains the elements of virological diagnostics, especially a description and valuation of rapid detection of virus using fluorescent antibodies, and of haemadsorption technique for rapid diagnosis. Moreover, methods of viral isolation (cell cultures, embryonated eggs), conventional serological tests (CFR, HAIT, NT), and recent, not yet generally applied serological techniques (passive haemagglutination, indirect fluorescent antibody technique, haemadsorption inhibition test, radial immunodiffusion, radial immunohaemolysis, radio immune assay, enzyme linked immune assay) are described and valued as diagnostic tools in viral diseases of respiratory system. The second part deals with the specific diagnostics of infections by influenza, parainfluenza, RS-, adeno-, corona-, and rhinoviruses. Special instructions for the application of available tests and for the interpretation of results are given.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

[The clinical value of unspecific humoral immune parameters. Attempt at an immunogram. II. Quantitative determination of CH50E, CB50E, C3, C4 and lysozyme and measurement of indirect phagocytosis rate in the serum of patients with chronic pyelonephritis].

In 183 patients with chronic pyelonephritis as unspecific humoral immune parameters CH50E, CB50E, C3, C4 and lysozyme as well as the indirect phagocytosis against Staphylococcus aureus SG 511 and E. coli were tested. Clinically a differentiation according to 3 degrees of the renal function and 3 degrees of the activity of the disease was performed. The statistical analysis took into consideration mean and limit values. With the help of contingency tables tendency pictures were developed. C3, C4 and lysozyme proved as suitable for a humoral immunogramme in chronic pyelonephritis. C3 was increased in clear activity, C4 and lysozyme in restricted renal function and expressed activity. In view of the high biologic variation of humoral test parameters advantages and disadvantages of an immunogramme are discussed. But for patients with chronic pyelonephritis finally the estimations of IgM, IgG, IgD, C3, C4 and lysozyme are regarded as clinically useful. A feasable immunologic test set should be controlled, precised and completed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[The clinical value of unspecific humoral immune parameters. Attempt at an immunogram. 1. Quantitative determination of IgG, IgM, IgA and IgD and demonstration of antibodies against cell and tissue bound antigens in patients with chronic pyelonephritis].

In the serum of patients with chronic pyelonephritis IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD and autoantibodies against organ- and species-specific renal antigens were determined. Clinical questions concerned relations to the activity of the disease and the renal function. The Ig-mean-values lying within the biological norm could be precised by taking into consideration individual biological boundary titres and relative ratio values. Pictures of tendency led to the estimation that increases of IgG and IgD appear in severely restricted renal function in normal or decreased IgM. Increases may be a criterion of activity in diseases with normal or slightly restricted renal function. IgA determinations remained without any evidence.-- Autoantibodies were found in 32,5%, increased titres were a sign of deteriorated renal function. The apparently given possibility of a humoral immunogramme for the chronic pyelonephritis is discussed, in which case a combination with other test parameters seems to be necessary.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of protein and DNA synthesis assays of guinea pig spleen lymphocytes after stimulation with influenza virus antigen and phytohemagglutinin.

Two in vitro-methods for demonstration of cell-mediated immune response are compared: Protein and DNA synthesis for detection of in vitro influenza virus antigen- and mitogen-induced lymphocyte stimulation. Guinea pig spleen lymphocytes sensitized with influenza virus antigen were tested in a microadaptation of the lymphocyte transformation test using 14C- or 3H-leucine and 3H-thymidine. As a positive control for T-cell stimulation PHA-induced lymphocyte stimulation was measured. The following results were obtained: 1. Kinetics of the incorporation of 14C-leucine and 3H-thymidine in lymphocytes incubated with optimal and suboptimal PHA-doses respectively are quantitatively similar but different in time. 2. The results of the protein- and DNA-synthesis stimulation assays were correlated against influenza virus antigens, this could not be described by the comparison of cellular and single humoral parameters. 3. The administration of influenza virus antigens in CFA induced a more intensive cell-mediated reaction than injections of antigens in aqueous suspensions, but the results of both methods of CMI were correlated. 4. The optimal CMI under the experimental conditions described is induced by an administration of 30 to 50 microgram virus protein per animal and by a combined intramuscular--intraperitoneal immunization procedure. 5. The measurement of the early stimulation of protein synthesis in the PSS-test is substantially more rapid than for the classical LTT.

Animals↗