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Biomedical subjects

A Steiner

Publications and source records attributed to A Steiner.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[The therapeutic significance of home blood pressure measurement].

Optimization of antihypertensive therapy during the initial dose titration as well as the long term follow-up of chronic therapy constitute the main therapeutic indications of blood pressure measurement at home. Furthermore home blood pressure measurements may be of value in patients with unsatisfactory blood pressure response in whom poor compliance is suspected. Finally patients may adjust their antihypertensive therapy according to the level of self-recorded blood pressure measurements.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1989

[The treatment of essential hypertension in the hospital and in the office: is there a difference?].

An identical antihypertensive regimen with Metoprolol, a beta-blocking agent, was compared in two groups of patients with mild to moderate hypertension regarding effectiveness and side effects. 17 patients were treated by practitioners, 28 patients at the university clinic. The aim of the comparison was to appreciate possible effects of the clinical setting. With respect to the blood pressure reduction no difference was found between the two groups. Significant differences were noted however regarding side-effects. The practitioners reported fewer and less serious side-effects. This observation should caution about similar phenomena in similar studies and lead to modification of planning in future studies.

Drug Therapy, Combination↗
PubMed1989

Therapy and clinical progress of cattle with dilatation and torsion of the caecum.

One hundred and eleven heifers and cows with caecal dilatation and torsion were examined and their subsequent progress monitored. Using various criteria it was decided whether the animal was to be slaughtered or treated conservatively or surgically. Conservative treatment consisted of a continuous drip infusion containing neostigmine and of purgatives such as liquid paraffin, sometimes in combination with sodium sulphate. Surgical treatment consisted of laparotomy on the right flank with emptying and sometimes partial resection of the caecum. Five animals had to be slaughtered before or during surgery and another five which developed severe peritonitis were slaughtered after surgery. Fifty-nine animals underwent surgery once without resection of the caecum and 20 with. Another 14 animals needed surgery twice.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Fish oil: clinical application possibilities].

Current interest in fish-oil stems in part from epidemiologic evidence gathered in eskimos. Due to a high proportion of fish in their diet eskimos have a low incidence in cardiovascular mortality. The active principle in fish-diet are n-3-fatty acids. These modulate prostaglandin and leukotriene metabolism. Numerous studies have been undertaken to demonstrate clinical usefulness. Current interests focus on lipid lowering, inhibition of hemostasis and antihypertensive actions. Furthermore antiinflammatory and immunologic effects as well as uses in oncology are discussed.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1989

Vasoconstriction: a novel activity for low density lipoprotein.

Low density lipoprotein plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Cumulative addition of 1-30 micrograms/ml of LDL from normolipidemic subjects produced a dose-dependent increase in contractile tension of thoracic aortic rings from rats. The maximal LDL-induced contractile response was approximately 30% of that induced by 1 microM norepinephrine. Similar concentrations of LDL induced a dose-dependent transient increase of the concentration of intracellular free calcium, and a biphasic change of the intracellular pH in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells. We conclude that low density lipoprotein occurring for example in the extravascular fluid can mediate vasoconstriction by changes in cytosolic calcium and intracellular pH.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Fish oil affects phosphoinositide turnover and thromboxane A metabolism in cultured vascular muscle cells.

Fish oil has been reported as having beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases. Elevated serum lipoproteins, prostaglandins and intracellular free calcium concentrations [( Ca2+]i) of the vasculature and thus the phosphoinositide (PI) turnover may be involved in the pathogenesis of these disorders. Therefore, the effect of fish oil on the potency of both low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and angiotensin II (AII) to stimulate the PI turnover in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) has been studied. Furthermore, a possible link between PI turnover activity and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) metabolism in these cells has been investigated. In VSMC cultured for up to 7 weeks with either fish oil or n-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) a decrease to 5-48% of the LDL-induced inositol trisphosphate (IP3) formation (= 100%) was found. A similar range of decreased IP3 synthesis was observed, when AII was used instead of LDL. Both LDL- and AII-stimulated TXA2 synthesis was suppressed concomitantly within the range 34-60%. Blockade of VSMC TXA2 biosynthesis with either indomethacin or TXA2 synthetase blocker (SQ-80338) inhibited LDL-induced formation of IP3 in a dose-dependent manner. Similar results were obtained, when TXA2 receptor coupling antagonists (SQ-27427 or BM-13177) were used. However, blockers of TXA2 synthesis and of TXA2 receptor binding failed to affect AII-induced formation of IP3.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1989

[Hypertension].

This 40 year old man had been treated adequately for arterial hypertension over the last 10 years. Within one year this arterial tension rose continuously in spite of treatment. A low blood-potassium value found on routine chemical analysis prompted an investigation on secondary causes for hypertension. The results of a peripheral renin-study were typical for secondary aldosteronism. An abdominal aortography and selective angiography of the renal arteries visualized an intrarenal arterial aneurysm with stenoses as causative factor of the renovascular hypertension. Antihypertensive treatment with an ACE-blocker permitted to normalize the blood-pressure values subsequently.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Presence of circulating anodic antigen in serum of Schistosoma intercalatum-infected patients from Gabon.

The presence of the schistosome circulating anodic antigen (CAA) in serum of Schistosoma intercalatum-infected patients from Gabon has been investigated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Blood samples were collected from 10 endemic controls, 29 patients which excreted viable S. intercalatum eggs in rectal mucosa and stool, six persons in which only non-viable eggs were found in rectal biopsy specimens and one person in which besides non-viable eggs a small number of viable eggs was found in the rectal biopsy specimen. CAA, a genus-specific antigen, could be demonstrated in 58.6% of the patients with S. intercalatum eggs in their stools. In comparison to S. mansoni infections, very light infections (0.6 eggs per gram faeces) could be detected by the ELISA. A strong correlation between parasite burden (eggs per gram faeces) and antigen-level (CAA-titer) was found (Spearman's rho = 0.65). Only one positive ELISA-results was found in the group with solely non-viable eggs in rectal tissue. As no false positive results were detected for the negative controls, the present results suggest, in accordance with results earlier obtained for schistosomiasis mansoni, that only in active S. intercalatum infections is antigen demonstrable.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effect of low-density lipoprotein on intracellular calcium, intracellular pH and DNA synthesis in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells.

Low-density lipoprotein has proliferative effects on vascular smooth muscle cells and thus may play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and hypertension. In order to investigate the underlying mechanisms, we studied the influence of low-density lipoprotein on intracellular free calcium, intracellular pH and the rate of DNA synthesis in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells of the rat aorta. The low-density lipoprotein (1-30 micrograms/ml) caused a dose-dependent increase in intracellular calcium and affected the intracellular pH accordingly. In addition, a marked low-density lipoprotein-induced increase in 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA was observed. It is concluded that low-density lipoprotein, apart from its classical role as a cholesterol-transporting vehicle, enhances cellular processes leading to cell proliferation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Cortisol-stimulated phosphoinositide metabolism in vascular smooth muscle cells: a role for glucocorticoids in blood pressure control?

Physiological concentrations of cortisol (0.02-5.0 micrograms/ml) stimulate the phosphoinositide breakdown in cultured smooth muscle cells from rat aorta. After a 15-min stimulation of the cells with various concentrations of cortisol, the inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate concentrations showed a dose-dependent increase. This phenomenon was qualitatively similar but quantitatively more sensitive in smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) than in vascular smooth muscle cells from normotensive animals. When the antihormone RU 486 was added before the vascular smooth muscle cells were stimulated with cortisol, the inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate production was reduced to 50%.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Cure and improvement of renovascular hypertension after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of renal artery stenosis.

In the present study we report our long-term experience in 82 patients with renovascular hypertension (48 with atherosclerotic stenosis, 34 with fibromuscular dysplasia) who were followed up for a mean observation period of 23.6 months after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of renal artery stenosis. Our results show a highly significant decrease in mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Cure rates were slightly higher in patients with fibromuscular dysplasia (41% cured, 47% improved) than in those with atherosclerosis (23% cured, 54% improved). Kidney function significantly improved in patients with cure, remained stable in those with improvement and worsened in cases classified as unimproved. These results document the good long-term effect of PTA on blood pressure and kidney function in patients with renal artery stenosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of fish oil on blood pressure and serum lipids in hypertension and hyperlipidaemia.

We studied the antihypertensive and hypolipidaemic effects of fish oil containing eico-sapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in a capsule preparation in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension and in patients with hypercholesterolaemia. In addition, we used two independent procedures to analyse changes in blood pressure, casual and self-recorded blood pressure measurements. A very moderate blood pressure lowering effect of fish oil was confirmed in this study, and a slight antihyperlipidaemic effect in plasma triglycerides was demonstrated. During the fish oil treatment, casual blood pressure values were consistently lower than self-recorded values. It is assumed that this was an observer error due to knowledge of the treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Emergency treatment of limb fractures in large and small ruminants].

Limb fractures in cattle have to be treated as emergencies. The success or failure of treatment depends on a careful examination and adequate emergency treatment by the veterinarian. The most important rules in an emergency treatment are the evaluation of the general systemic conditions and the initiation of whatever supportive care is required. Further attention should be paid to thoroughly rinsing and disinfecting open wounds and to immobilizing fractures for transport purposes. In 39 cases the localisation and the type of fracture were determined and the clinical relevance of a careful examination and emergency treatment was evaluated. Metacarpal fractures were the most common type of fracture. Open fractures were more likely to occur in cases of insufficient immobilisation than with properly attended patients (p less than 0,01). Open fractures have a poorer prognosis than closed fractures (p less than 0.002).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[An unusual complication after the partial resection of the ascending duodenum of a cow].

In a heifer portions of the ascending duodenum, which had been perforated by an obstructing phytobezoar, were resected. This resulted in an unexpected complication. The shortened ligamentum duodenocolicum exerted steady traction on the descending colon. This traction caused a kink and finally resulted in a total obstruction of the colon. The pathogenesis of this complication is illustrated. Surgical--possibly preventive--procedures are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Blood pressure self-measurement in normotensive and hypertensive patients.

In this study casual blood pressure was compared with home blood pressure measurement in 41 normotensive, 39 hypertensive and 21 borderline hypertensive subjects. The average casual readings for the whole group were 8.6 mmHg higher for systolic and 4.0 mmHg higher for diastolic pressures than self-determined values. Casual and home-registered blood pressures showed a highly significant relationship (P less than 0.001) for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings. In the distribution of self-measured diastolic blood pressure readings, normotensive subjects rarely (5%) showed values higher than 90 mmHg, whereas hypertensive subjects had a relatively high percentage of diastolic readings above that level (55%). The results confirm previous reports of lower self-determined than casual blood pressure values. However, the high correlation between these two methods of blood pressure measurement indicates that in general there is a quantitative rather than a qualitative difference between casual and self-registered blood pressures. Finally, self-registered diastolic values exceeding 90 mmHg may be interpreted as hypertensive.

Adult↗