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Biomedical subjects

A Shah

Publications and source records attributed to A Shah.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Haematologic response of anaemic preschool children to ascorbic acid supplementation.

Fifty-four anaemic preschool children, all consuming similar, purely vegetarian, diets were randomly divided equally into an experimental and a control group. The children in the experimental group received 100 mg ascorbic acid twice a day, with lunch and with dinner, for 60 days. The controls received sugar placebos. Initially and at the end of the intervention, haemoglobin (Hb) and red cell morphology were estimated in all children. The children who received ascorbic acid supplements showed a significant improvement in Hb level as well as in red cell morphology, while the controls showed no change. Chemical analysis of the diets of a subsample showed ascorbic acid intakes to be very low.

Anemia↗
PubMed1984

Effects of single oral dose administration of a hydantoin prostaglandin analogue BW 245C in man.

Following an open pilot study, BW 245C , a hydantoin prostaglandin analogue, was given by mouth in an aqueous solution to six healthy volunteers. The subjects received BW 245C 50 and 150 micrograms and placebo on separate occasions according to a double blind randomised design. Heart rate, blood pressure and, using visual analogue scales, facial flushing, abdominal discomfort and headache, were measured before dosing, at 15 minute intervals after dosing for 2 hours and at 30 minute intervals for a further 2 hours. Platelet aggregation responses to ADP and to collagen were measured before dosing and at 15 minutes, 45 minutes, 2 hours and 4 hours after dosing. Cutaneous bleeding time was measured before and 45 minutes after dosing. 150 micrograms BW 245C produced significant (p less than 0.05) facial flushing over the period from 15 to 120 minutes after dosing. Heart rate increased slightly but significantly (p less than 0.05) in response to both doses of 245C only at 75 minutes after dosing. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were unchanged by either dose of BW 245C . Platelet aggregation responses to ADP were significantly (p less than 0.05) inhibited only at 120 minutes after 150 micrograms BW 245C . Aggregation responses to collagen were significantly (p less than 0.05) inhibited 45 and 120 minutes after 150 micrograms BW 245C and also at 120 minutes after 50 micrograms BW 245C . Bleeding time was unchanged in response to either dose of BW 245C . There was no change in headache or abdominal discomfort scores following either dose of BW 245C . Nausea was reported after 7 out of 12 administrations of BW245C but not after placebo. Nasal congestion was experienced by two subjects receiving 150 micrograms BW 245C and muscle tension and stiffness, especially of the jaw muscles, was also reported following administration of BW 245C but not of placebo. BW 245C is active when given by mouth and has similar pharmacodynamic effects to prostacyclin in man.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

Efficacy of mexiletine in chronic ventricular arrhythmias compared with quinidine: a single-blind, randomized trial.

This single-blind, randomized study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral mexiletine compared with oral quinidine in suppressing premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). Fifty-one patients were studied for less than or equal to 12 weeks; 26 patients were randomized to the mexiletine group and 25 to the quinidine group. The drugs were administered in an increasing dose regimen to suppress the PVCs by 70% from the baseline value in both groups. Mexiletine reduced the average number of PVCs by 70% of the baseline number in a comparable fashion to quinidine; 69% in the mexiletine group vs 70% in the quinidine group (p greater than 0.05). There was a comparable reduction (greater than or equal to 50%) of ventricular couplets from the baseline value in the 2 groups, 78% in the mexiletine group vs 86% in the quinidine group (p greater than 0.05). The effect of mexiletine on suppression of ventricular tachycardia was also similar, 72% in the mexiletine group vs 71% in the quinidine group (p greater than 0.05). There was no significant difference in the 2 groups in side effects. This study shows the comparable efficacy and tolerance of mexiletine and quinidine for the control of ventricular arrhythmias in a large number of patients with diverse forms of heart diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Determination of fertility interval with ovulation time estimation using differential skin surface temperature (DST) measurement.

Temperature distributions over the breasts of five healthy, young female volunteers using non-pharmaceutical contraceptives were studied over a menstrual cycle to identify "dynamic" temperature points related to E2-induced vascularity and "static" temperature points reflecting the body's core temperature. Corresponding thermometric measurements were analyzed. It was shown during a preliminary study that the DST between a "dynamic" and "static" point, so located, provides advance information on ovulation timing independent of physiologic disturbances and circadian and ambient temperature changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Correction of ulnar claw hand by a loop of flexor digitorum superficialis motor for lumbrical replacement.

The current dynamic procedures for correction of ulnar claw hand are extensor carpi radialis longus many tail graft, palmaris longus four finger many tail graft and extensor by pass operation. Each of these procedures takes a minimum of one and a half hours and needs extensive post operative re-education and training. These procedures employ a graft of plantaris tendon, fascia lata or extensor tendon, with the disadvantages of operating at another site and adhesion of grafts. The procedure described in this article obviates these disadvantages. The operation is simple to perform and has given good results even when performed at leprosy camps where no extensive re-education physiotherapy was available. This operation also tends to correct the reversal of transverse arch. The technique and observations are discussed in detail.

Contracture↗
PubMed1983

Chemotherapy of advanced gastric cancer with 72-hour continuous intravenous 5-fluorouracil infusion at 2-week intervals.

Twenty-nine patients with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma were treated with 72-hour continuous intravenous infusion of 5-fluorouracil (30 mg/kg/24 hr) at 2-week intervals. Six patients (21%) achieved partial response and four (14%) had stabilization of their disease. The median duration of partial response was 8 months, with a range of 5-19 months. The median survival time for all patients from the start of chemotherapy was 8 months. Various prognostic factors important in determining response and survival are analyzed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

An islet of ability in autistic children: a research note.

An aspect of cognitive functioning in autistic children was investigated by comparing their performance on the Children's Embedded Figures Test with that of MA-matched normal and MA- and CA-matched mentally retarded non-autistic children. The autistic children were significantly more competent at this task than either group of control children, and also showed qualitatively different strategies. Since the performance of the autistic children was better than predicted from MA and commensurate with CA, it can be regarded as an islet of ability. This finding is discussed in terms of orientation and visualization factors involved in visuo-spatial abilities and is also related to cognitive deficit.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Morphologic and morphometric studies of muscle in idiopathic scoliosis.

The gluteus maximus and paraspinal muscles in 15 cases of idiopathic scoliosis at the apex of the curve showed myopathic changes and a significant decrease in the type II fibers. Fiber type II atrophy was observed only on the concave side. Ultrastructure of paraspinal and gluteus muscle biopsies showed disruption of myofilaments, Z band streaming and subsarcolemmal accumulation of glycogen, lipid and mitochondria. Quantitative estimation of these subcellular organelles pointed out that a higher glycogen content was significant in both paraspinal as well as the gluteus muscles while a higher mitochondrial content was significant only on the convex side and the gluteus muscle but not the concave side of the apex when compared to normal quadriceps muscle. These findings suggest that idiopathic scoliosis is a diffuse disease process and may be considered a primary muscle disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Unusual echocardiographic findings in primary pulmonary hypertension.

A patient with primary pulmonary hypertension showed unusual echocardiographic findings. These included echoes arising from an intracavitary right ventricular muscle band mimicking a divided interventricular septum. The hemodynamic study excluded subvalvular right ventricular obstruction. Severe right ventricular hypertrophy was also present. Both findings were probably related and may possibly be found in similar cases with severe right ventricular hypertrophy, especially due to primary pulmonary hypertension. The right ventricular muscle band possibly represented hypertrophied moderator band.

Adult↗