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Biomedical subjects

A Sabbah

Publications and source records attributed to A Sabbah.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Astemizole: its pharmacokinetics and pharmacologic properties].

Astemizole (Hismanal) is a chemically novel compound selected from a series of piperidinylaminobenzimidazoles. Further preclinical pharmacological investigations were initiated by experiences with other drugs in the same field. The aim of this review is to illustrate new pharmacological data on astemizole. Astemizole showed the lowest ED50 and the longest duration in mast cell-mediated shock. Binding characteristics to histamine H1 receptors were specificity, selectivity and long duration. Lack of effects on the wakefulness-sleep cycles was evidenced. An equal bioavailability of the drug was demonstrated with different formulations, dosing and food intake. High plasma levels of desmethylastemizole, the major metabolite, and longer half-life than for astemizole, contribute partly to the antihistamine activity. On chronic administration relative amounts of both molecules in the peripheral compartment are most likely responsible for the expected pharmacological effect. The time-course of kinetics shows, the peak plasma levels of the unchanged astemizole followed by a gradual take-over by desmethylastemizole. In patients with hepatic or renal insufficiency the pharmacokinetic background was similar to healthy volunteers.

Astemizole↗
PubMed1990

[Post-exercise asthma].

Atopy is frequently found in isolated APE (post exercise asthma) and in AIE (exercise induced asthma). These two syndromes are more frequent in men (85.5% of cases) than in women and are especially found in young subjects (62.5%) between 10 and 20 years old. There is an analogy between the study of isolated APE and the bronchospasm associated with AIE. Food allergy is found in both cases. The food allergens are the same, with wheat flour the most important foodstuff.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Mercury--is it a respiratory tract allergen?].

Mercury is a well-known allergen in dermato-allergology, often manifesting as delayed type hypersensitivity contact eczema. Immediate hypersensitivity reactions (urticaria, anaphylactic shock) have also been described for this allergen, most frequently seen in patients with the delayed type contact eczema. To our knowledge this allergen has not been implicated in production of respiratory symptoms. We describe a patient who had aggravation of asthma by mercury contained in dental amalgam. When the dental amalgam was removed there was a great improvement in his asthma. This observation suggests that mercury in the form of dental amalgam may also be an allergen of the respiratory tract, which should not be surprising, bearing in mind the work that shows the existence of mercury vapours from dental amalgam.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The etiologies of asthma].

Asthma may have several etiologies. It is well-known that there are allergic subjects with low IgE bound to mast cells, with negative specific RAST and with weakly positive skin tests, but with a positive provocation test with pneumo-allergens. Food allergy, isolated or associated is also not a negligible cause. Non-allergic subjects often respond to triggering factors: Gastro-oesophageal reflux Neuro-endocrine origin Infectious origin Physical origin (exercise). In our study, we place the emphasis on two types of extremely severe asthma, linked to intolerance of aspirin and metabisulphites and often associated.

Asthma↗
PubMed1990

[The Pharmacia CAP system as a new measure of specific IgE. Application in the diagnosis of hypersensitivity to the venom of the Vespula wasp].

Every improvement can make the measurement of specific IgE more effective. This is the case with the CAP system, a new solid phase technique which uses an Immunocap made from hydrophilic polymer, encased in a capsule, for the fixation of anti-IgE or allergen. The Immunocap fixes 3 times more protein than paper discs. Another improvement is that of calibration of the CAP System by the WHO standard for IgE, with the results expressed in KUI/I: 0.35 to 100 KUI/I for specific IgE and 2 to 2,000 KUI/I for total IgE. The study was of patients who had an anaphylactic or systemic reaction after wasp stings. The subjects were divided into two groups A and B and compared with a reference Groupe C. The study also included subjects who were sensitive to mites, grass pollens and egg. Finally, the technique itself was submitted to a reproducibility test. The results confirm that the sensitivity and specificity of the test were both equal to unity. The CAP System therefore offers the possibility of detecting the lowest amounts of IgE.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1990

[Environment of the asthmatic child].

This work is in the purview of epidemiological studies that concern the environment of asthmatic children. Infantile asthma is found especially in children who live in the country, in an electrically-heated house and who sleep in a badly orientated room. The environment is composed of feather-bedding, soft-toy animals and animals from the countryside. The role of tobacco and insufficient aeration has been shown in this enquiry. School attendance is not disturbed by development of asthma. The majority of teachers do not understand infantile asthma. This study is to emphasize the importance of the environment in the development of allergic infantile asthma and the possibilities of its prevention. Information to the teachers, as well as the treating physicians, is also necessary for prevention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Food allergy in childhood asthma].

Food allergy is responsible for asthma in 6% of cases, all ages together, with the same etiology. As in a adults, the influence of atopy is indisputable and is proved by the presence of familial and personal antecedents and rise in total IgE. Proof of food allergy is based only on tests of exclusion and reintroduction and/or provocation tests, under control of spirometry and plasma histamine. Eggs, milk, wheat, fish, potato, pork meat are the foods most frequently associated. A comparative study of food allergy in adult asthma shows that cow milk and eggs are most frequently responsible, as in children. For diagnosis, specific IgE RAST is more often correlated (65%) with the clinical condition than skin tests (60%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Perennial rhinitis from food allergy].

Food allergy (AA) is involved in a third of subjects with perennial rhinitis (RPA). The majority of the patients are polysensitized. Isolated food allergy was only seen in 6 of 261 cases, which indicates an association of food allergy with other allergens, essentially pneumo-allergens. Immediate diagnosis of AA in RPA is difficult as it is essentially based on tests of elimination and re-introduction of the food, skin tests and RAST.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Allergic rhinitis in the horse: first case].

The responsibility of the artificial environment in the development of respiratory allergy in horses is well known as the most important factor for the development of asthma, chronic dry cough and pulmonary emphysema. One case of allergy to the natural environment could be observed. One allergic rhinitis with asthma could be explored. Pathology, cause, tests and specific immuno-therapy are presented.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Rhinomanometry: indications, limitations and results].

The aim of this study was to present briefly the different techniques for measurement of nasal resistance and to show the importance that we attribute to this measurement. Within the framework of the allergological investigation rhinamometry is a parameter that allows evaluation of the results of allergenic nasal provocation. Nasal provocation is in the framework as a complementary examination that is often indespensable to confirm with most possible certainty the involvement of an allergen in the ORL pathology. Positive etiological diagnosis is a fundamental basis for therapeutic advice.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1990

[Fernand Widal syndrome and sulfite intolerance. Therapeutic problems in general and ORL problems in particular].

Asthma from intolerance of sulphites has been the subject of clinical work by our team since 1984. In 1986, we advised that asthma from sulphite intolerance was more frequent in patients who presented with illness from aspirin or the Fernand Widal syndrome. So it has emerged that there are clear therapeutic problems since sulphites as preservatives are present in other forms in some anti-allergy drugs, anti-histamines used for ORL.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1990

[The environment and perennial rhinitis in the child].

In assessing the importance of the "allergen eviction" factor in the treatment of infantile allergies, the authors begin an inventory of those elements in the environment that concern perennial rhinitis. From 200 observations of allergic children (all mixed diagnoses) they found 21 observations of rhinitis alone, predominantly boys. The environments of two groups (all allergics--rhinitis alone) were compared. No difference for: Home, country, town heating allergens found. Found significant differences for the type of house new-old those elements of domestic comfort (carpets, feather beds, aeration, soft toys) agreement between the results of tests and the environment domestic animals or permanent proximity. Found fundamental differences for psychological environmental factors (absent in rhinitis). It seems that perennial rhinitis probably arises from abundance of domestic antigens more than for the other allergic manifestations, as the nose is the first filter to receive foreign particles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Anaphylaxis induced by exercise].

Exercise-induced anaphylaxis EIA is a syndrome most often initiated by food allergy. Objective or diagnostic proof of the condition is shown by a provocation test from ingestion of a food before or after exercise, according to clinical history, with assay of plasma histamine and spirometry or rhinamometry. The original part of this work is evidence of EIA linked to food allergy to wheat, with cross reactivity to grass pollens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Specific immunotherapy using the slow alpha fraction of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. Efficacy; tolerance].

This open study was made on 126 patients (72 men, 54 women). Specific immunotherapy (IT) commenced in 1988 with the Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus alpha fraction (alpha -F Dpt) a new standardised, purified allergen, of better quality, but more reactive. The patient were aged between 4 and 66 years (mean 23.1 years) the subjects were young and the majority were male. Most (93.6%) showed at least respiratory symptoms (asthma, rhinitis). In about a quarter of the patients there were also dermatological and ocular symptoms. The patients were usually desensitized according to the classical technique (76.6%) we recorded semi-accelerated IT in only one case. Overall, IT with alpha-F Dpt was efficacious (54.7% O and well tolerated (74.5%). Efficacy and tolerance were better with the "accelerated" technique than the classic (respectively 73.9% against 60.6% and 86.9%). In contrast, efficacy and tolerance were not influenced by age or sex. Finally, we believe that IT has more chance of being efficacious if the initial biological values are more significant.

Adolescent↗