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Biomedical subjects

A S Boyd

Publications and source records attributed to A S Boyd.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Puncta pruritica.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Back Pain↗
PubMed1991

Hydroxyurea therapy.

Hydroxyurea's place in the scheme of psoriasis therapy has diminished in recent years. Some practitioners mistakenly believe that it is used only in desperate situations, is of little or no benefit in patients unresponsive to more conventional systemic therapies, and may predispose patients to the development of secondary malignancies. Moreover, a legitimate argument against the use of this drug may be made by physicians concerned about the proliferation of systemic therapies for what is a benign, albeit unsightly, eruption. However, hydroxyurea therapy is not without advantages. It is easily dosed, relatively inexpensive, and has few contraindications or subjective side effects. In addition, patients with common systemic disorders such as hyperlipidemia, mild renal insufficiency, and cardiopulmonary disease who may not be potential candidates for other medications may be managed with hydroxyurea.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Lichen planus.

Lichen planus, a papulosquamous disease, in its classical presentation is characterized by pruritic violaceous papules most commonly on the extremities of middle-aged adults. It may or may not be accompanied by oral and genital mucous membrane involvement. Its course is generally self-limited for a period of several months to years, but it may last indefinitely. There are many clinical variants described, ranging from lichenoid drug eruptions to association with other diseases such as diabetes mellitus, autoimmune disease, and the graft-versus-host reaction. The relationship of these, if any, to classical lichen planus is questionable. Multiple therapeutic options exist including corticosteroids, retinoids, griseofulvin, PUVA, and cyclosporine.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Condylomata acuminata in the pediatric population.

The incidence of condylomata acuminata infection has shown a steady increase for adults and children in recent years. With the discovery that the viral agents of this disease are potentially neoplastic, a disorder that was once considered a nuisance is now taking on new-found importance and concern. Furthermore, the knowledge that these lesions are often sexually transmitted and the ever-increasing concern over child abuse have combined to make the recognition and treatment of this disease in the pediatric population of even greater significance. Depending on location, podophyllum resin (podophyllin) is the initial therapy of choice. Available studies indicate a cure rate ranging from 22% to 98% depending on location of the warts, frequency of treatment, patient compliance, and freshness of the podophyllum resin preparation. Cure rates of 91% to 97% have been reported with cryotherapy and laser photocoagulation. Eradication of the viral agent and long-term follow-up are important.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Multiple cutaneous granular cell tumors and neurofibromatosis in childhood. A case report and review of the literature.

Multiple cutaneous granular cell tumors have been previously reported in only 26 children or adolescents. An association of these tumors with neurofibromatosis has never been reported previously. We describe a 12-year-old black girl with multiple cutaneous granular cell tumors and neurofibromatosis. Although the histogenesis of these tumors is not completely clear, the findings of ultrastructural and immunohistochemical evaluation of our patient's tumors and the associated neurofibromatosis support a neural crest origin for granular cell tumors.

Child↗
PubMed1989

An overview of the retinoids.

The retinoids, a group of compounds consisting of vitamin A and its derivatives, have been the subject of intense investigation over the past 30 years. These molecules have shown beneficial effects in the areas of acne, psoriasis, neoplastic processes and, most recently, reversal of extrinsically aged skin. Additional retinoids are currently under development. Adverse reactions to these drugs include mucocutaneous irritation, hyperlipidemia, and profound teratogenicity. Appropriate patient selection is imperative before beginning therapy with these medications. An overview of retinoid metabolism and the currently available compounds is presented. The newest class of retinoids, the arotinoids, is also discussed.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1989

Erythrodermic psoriasis. Precipitating factors, course, and prognosis in 50 patients.

Erythroderma represents the most severe form of psoriasis. In addition to its morbidity and severe discomfort, erythrodermic psoriasis also may be potentially life-threatening. We present demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings of 50 patients with psoriatic erythroderma seen at our day-care center during a 9 1/2-year period. Precipitating factors included administration of systemic corticosteroids and the excessive use of topical steroids, phototherapy complications, severe emotional stress, and preceding illness. Treatment options are discussed on the basis of an average follow-up period of 34 months. There appears to be a certain subgroup of patients with highly unstable psoriasis for whom appropriately planned therapeutic regimens are essential.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Hereditary spherocytosis.

Hereditary spherocytosis is the most common inherited anemia in persons of northern European descent. In 75 percent of cases, the condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. Patients usually present with splenomegaly, jaundice and anemia. A deficiency of the cytoskeletal protein spectrin is believed to underlie this hemolytic state. Affected individuals display a tendency to form pigmented (bilirubin) gallstones. Splenectomy may be essentially curative in the majority of patients.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1989

Clinical efficacy of antimicrobial therapy in Haemophilus ducreyi infections.

Ulcerative genital disease in the United States is commonly due to herpes simplex or syphilis. Until recently, chancroid, an infection caused by the gram-negative streptobacillus Haemophilus ducreyi, was infrequently diagnosed. Continuing immigration, however, has reintroduced the disease into this country, and urban outbreaks have been associated with contact with infected prostitutes. Extensive resistance has made previous antimicrobial agents ineffective. Evaluations of multiple antibiotics and varied dosing schedules have been undertaken in an effort to circumvent this resistance. Clinicians treating patients with genital ulcerations must be aware of this disease and its geographically variable antibiotic sensitivities. Recent evidence demonstrating an association between seropositivity for the human immunodeficiency virus and ulcerative genital disease places additional importance on the timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment of chancroidal ulcers.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

Recurrent renal cell carcinoma presenting as skin nodules: two case reports and review of the literature.

The skin is a relatively rare site for metastatic carcinoma compared to other organs such as bone, lung, and liver. Once it is discovered, however, the underlying disease has usually become widespread. We describe two patients with recurrent renal cell carcinoma who presented with skin nodules six and ten years, respectively, after their initial cancers were diagnosed. Treatment options and prognostic factors are outlined and dermatologists are urged to consider neoplastic disease when confronted with patients presenting with acute, asymptomatic skin nodules.

Aged↗