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Biomedical subjects

A Roth

Publications and source records attributed to A Roth.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Early treatment of secondary muscle restriction due to orbital blow-out fractures].

INTRODUCTION: Orbital blow-out fractures can result in chronic oculomotor restriction. This is the consequence of orbital fasciae or muscle trapped within the fracture. A delayed treatment usually results in incomplete repair. However, when the extrapped tissues are freed by reconstruction of the orbital floor, oculomotor sequelae can be prevented or at least limited. PATIENTS AND TREATMENT: Twelve adults and 2 children were treated for blow-out fracture in the past two years at the Eye Department of Geneva University Hospital. All of these patients had a non regressive oculomotor restriction, an enophthalmus and/or an infraorbital hypoesthesia with evidence of a blow-out fracture on the CT-scan. They were operated on between the second and the sixth week following trauma. Extrapped fasciae were freed under microscope and the orbital floor was reconstructed with a thin plate of biomaterial (PDS). RESULTS: Tissues could be entirely removed and kept separated from the underlying structures by the biomaterial used for reconstruction. Ocular motility returned to normal in 13 cases within 1 to 3 months, without further intervention. Only one patient had to wear a low grade prism with vertical action. DISCUSSION: In case of blow-out fractures, the long term prognosis of the ocular motility depends on immediate management following the trauma. Orbital floor reconstruction is indicated when consecutive oculomotor restriction is likely avoiding in the majority of the cases any residual oculomotor restriction. On the contrary when delayed, treatment is often difficult generally with limited mobility. CONCLUSION: From an ophthalmological point of view, microsurgical extraction of incarcerated orbital fasciae and reconstruction of the orbital floor is indicated for early treatment of oculomotor restriction.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Combined radioimmunotherapy and radiotherapy of liver metastases from colorectal cancer: a feasibility study.

BACKGROUND: A combination of radioimmunotherapy (RIT) and radiotherapy (RT) should allow one to increase the dose of radiation targeting a particular tumour without the concomitant increase of toxic side effects. This might be obtained if the dose limiting side effect of each individual radiation therapy concerned different organs. METHODS: Six patients with limited liver metastatic disease from colorectal cancer were treated with 6.9 GBq (range 4.7 to 8.4 GBq) 131I-labelled anti-CEA MAb F(ab')2 fragments combined with 20 Gy RT to the liver. Both treatments were given in close association, according to timing schedules evaluated in animals that gave the best results. RESULTS: Reversible bone marrow and liver toxicity was observed in 6 and 5 patients, respectively. Three patients who first received 20 Gy RT to the liver, showed a significant platelet drop upon completion of RT. Repeat computerized tomography (CT) after 2 months showed a minor response in 1 patient and stable disease in 3 patients. CONCLUSION: The study shows potential ways of combining RIT and RT, suggesting that this combination is feasible for the treatment of liver metastases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The examination of color vision using a 2 metameric equation method].

Modern anomaloscopes with four independent light channels (i.e. Besançon-Anomalometer which was presented in 1979 at the SFO Congress) allow accurate examinations of color vision. In our routine clinical examination, we use two metameric equations: the red-green Rayleigh equation and the blue-green Moreland equation. This so called Two-Equation-Method enables the diagnosis of congenital and acquired color vision defects in a precise qualitative as well as quantitative way. For both equations the goal of the examination is to measure the absolute matching range. Abnormal color vision is diagnosed if the absolute matching range is shifted and/or enlarged in one or both of the two metameric equations. In congenital colour vision deficiencies, the results are similar to those obtained with the Nagel anomaloscop. The different types of acquired defects are compared with the types of Verriest's classification. A computer controlled clinical examination of color vision, which will make the procedure simplier and shorter for the patient is actually being developed.

Color Perception↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diffusion of O2 in the normal and the ischemic retina of miniature pigs].

Transretinal PO2 profiles were recorded during normoxia and hyperoxia in normal and ischemic retinal territories in anesthetized miniature pigs using double barrelled recess type microelectrodes. In normoxia and hyperoxia the PO2 in the normal territory decreased from the inner retina and the choroid towards the mid-retina, indicating that the choroid cannot supply O2 to the whole normal retina. Preretinal and transretinal PO2 measurements in ischemic territories following a laser occlusion of a retinal branch vein demonstrated that in normoxia the direction of PO2 gradients prevents O2 diffusing from the choroid to reach the inner retina. This explains why the ischemic territories are hypoxic. In the contrary, during hyperoxia the intraretinal PO2 gradient indicates an O2 flux from the choroid to the inner retina resulting to marked preretinal PO2 increase at the affected territories. We proposed the hypothesis that in the ischemic retinas the hyperoxia does not induce a rise of the O2 consumption of the outer retina. Hence hyperoxia could be a useful tool to restore the oxygenation of the inner hypoxic retinal layers.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The progeny of the two protan and deutan families described by Franceschetti and Klein (1949, 1956), one generation later. Genealogy, color vision and genomic DNA].

The progeny of the couple of which the husband was protanope and the wife deuteranope (Franceschetti, 1949) has been examined (3 generations) in 1986 and 1987. This couple had 4 children, of which 3 sons are deutan and 1 daughter, a double carrier, is phenotypically normal. This girl, in her turn and in exemplary fashion, has 3 children: 1 daughter, being simple carrier, is phenotypically normal, 1 son is protan and 1 son deutan. The study of the genomic DNA of 3 normal subjects reveals the presence of two genes responsible for green and one gene responsible for red; the genomic DNA of a protanomalous subject shows a modification of the gene for red, while that of two deuteranopes shows absence of genes responsible for green. The descent of the second couple in which the husband was deuteranope and the wife protanope (Franceschetti and Klein, 1956) is exclusively of female sex. Therefore it comprises only phenotypically normal persons.

Chromosome Mapping↗