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Biomedical subjects

A Pugliese

Publications and source records attributed to A Pugliese.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[In vivo and in vitro production of interleukin-1 after febrile convulsions].

Pathogenesis of febrile convulsions (FC) is still unknown, suggested causes include the role of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). ADH is an endogenous antypyretic and his excessive production of the consequent hyponatraemia may be the cause of FC in children with susceptibility to this type of seizure. Whereas, interleukin-1 (IL1) is a pyrogenic substances and is involved in the release of AVP. Helminen et al. have reported a significantly higher production of IL1 in culture of peripheral blood monocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of children with FC than in the others with fever but without convulsions. More recently Lahat et al. have compared plasma and cerebrospinal fluid ILI levels of children with FC with those of children with fever but without convulsions, but they did not find significant differences. The aims of this study were to determine the IL1 levels in vivo and in the supernatants of cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated or not with LPS in children with FC and in children with fever without FC and to evaluate the influence of ADH and diazepam (DZ) on IL1 production. Blood samples for PBMC cultures were obtained from 11 children with FC on the hospital admission, (group 1) and after 48 hours from treatment with DZ (group 2). The production of IL1 was measured by RIA in the supernatants of the PBMC stimulated with LPS, LPS + DDAVP (synthetic vasopressin), LPS + DZ and in vivo in plasma samples. The control groups were constituted by 9 children with fever and without convulsions (group 3), 4 of them were studied at the end of fever too (group 4), and finally by 9 children in good health (group 5). No significant differences were observed. These results do not support the hypothesis that increased production of IL1 is involved in the pathogenesis of FC in children.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Inhibition of rubella virus hemagglutination by dextran sulfates of high molecular weight].

High molecular weight Destran-sulphates greatly affect rubella virus hemoagglutinin. The inhibition is to be related to the molecular weight. D.S. with p.m. 1,2 X 10(4) show no inhibitory activity, while D.S. 5 X 10(5), and furthermore D.S. p.m. 2 X 10(6) inhibit hemoagglutination. The inhibition appears to be related not to the effect of D.S. on red cells but to the interaction of D.S. with rubella hemoagglutinin. The entity of inhibition is a function of the concentration of D.S. in the test specimen: as much more intense is the former, as much higher is the latter. It is to be noticed however that also relatively little concentrations show to possess a clear inhibitory activity. Concentrations of 0,006 mg/ml and 0 ,05 mg/ml of D.S. (p.m. 2 X 10(6)) cause a lost of hemoagglutinin titre, showing respectively two and four twofold diluition lower titres than controls.

Dextrans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Action of a synthetic peptide on some syngeneic tumors].

The protective effect of intraperitoneal Peptichemio at different doses in a population of syngeneic mice with four experimental tumours is described. The drug is much used in oncology en account of its low toxicity and is both alkylating and antimetabolic. It was found more effective against plasmacytomas and less so against a spontaneous adenocarcinoma (ADK lt) Activity was noted at the lowest dose employed (4 mg/Kg five times on alternate days), which had no more than a slight immunodepressor effect and was unattended by sideeffects, as well as at the highest dose (10 mg/Kg). Evaluation of mean diameters and survival in the experimental animals and in the controls made it clear that the drug possessed almost general effectiveness, in addition to being most active against plasmacytomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effects of a synthetic peptide on the cytotoxic activity of the lymphocytes of animals with tumors].

The influence of Peptichemio on cell immunity was studied by examining the in vitro response of lymphocytes from animals bearing a tumour treated with the drug. Two experimental tumours with different features, i.e. an adenocarcinoma (ADK-1t) and a plasmacytoma (MOPC-460) were used. The former was more sensitive to Peptichemio. The colony inhibition test was used for the ADK-1t and 51Cr release for the MOPC-460 owing to the fact that two different methods of culture in vitro were employed. In the case of ADK-1t 4mg/Kg Peptichemio given on alternate days, five times beginning from the 3rd day after challenge, was followed by 40% reduction in lymphocyte toxicity by comparison with the controls. In the case of MOPC-460, on the other hand, no significant lymphocyte toxicity was observed, even in the controls. It was concluded that, in both cases, Peptichemio at this dose does not interfere with the immunity response of the host to any great extent, and is selectively active against neoplastic cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The immune response to cryotherapy of prostatic carcinoma].

The Authors look for the theoric process by which an immunological response can occur after cryosurgery of prostate carcinoma. The theories about the development of this hypothetic response are explained and thoroughly considered also in the light of personal results.

Cryosurgery↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of the cell dose on the development of 2 transplantable tumors in a syngeneic host].

The effects of different cell dose inoculation of plasmocitoma MOPC-315 and ADK-1t in Balb/c syngeneic mice are discussed in this work. Inoculated cell dose and neoplasia percent incidence have been noticed to be closely related, but unexpectedly two doses exist for each tumour, a comparatively small one and a definitely larger one, which cause nearly the same percent incidence. This paradox phenomenon is discussed also with reference to other researchers remarkers.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Aspecific inhibitors of rubella virus hemagglutination in normal and thyroidectomized rats].

Thyroidectomized rats show alterations in serum lipoprotein distribution with an high increase of low density lipoproteins (LDL): however inhibitors titre was the same both in control and in treated animals. Also removal of nonspecific inhibitors by precipitation with heparin-MnCl2 or D.S. CaCl2 methods did not show differences between control and treated animals.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Inhibition of pancreatic beta-cell secretion during "glucose clamp" in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome].

Insulin-resistance is a well-known feature of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and the present paper investigates the comparative roles of the peripheral tissues and the pancreatic beta-cells in its pathogenesis. The study was conducted on 5 young women with PCOS, all of normal weight and glucose tolerance in whom the glucose-insulin clamp test had revealed reduced peripheral glucose uptake that was not influenced by other conditions typically associated with insulin-resistance. Beta-cell function was investigated in these patients and 5 healthy controls via the assessment of the efficiency of the insulin/insulin feedback which involved studying the suppression of plasma C peptide during the glucose clamp. The results suggested that the insulin/insulin beta-cell feedback mechanism had retained its efficiency despite proven peripheral insulin-resistance. These data do not therefore support the hypothesis advanced by others that there is some sort of beta-cell insulin resistance parallel to the insulin resistance of the peripheral tissues. On the basis of those results it is rather believed that in PCOS the insulin-resistance is generated peripherally while the insulin/insulin feedback in the beta-cell is unimpaired. This obliges us to rethink the role of the hyperinsulinism encountered in PCOS and suggests that the changed sensitivity of the peripheral tissues to insulin activity may constitute a primary event in the genesis of insulin-resistance. This type of behavior has been demonstrated in the obese and in people with acanthosis nigricans, all with normal glucose tolerance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Agnathia, microstomia, synotia].

The authors describe a case of plurimalformative syndrome, characterized by agnathia, microstomia, synotia and by cardiac and pulmonary maldevelopment. The case peculiarity consist in the rarity of this malformative occurrence; moreover, the authors underline the occurrence of familiarity with Seckel's Syndrome.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antiproliferative effect of an extract of Aspergillus terreus].

We have studied antiproliferative effect of Aspergillus terreus extract on various cell lines: I-407 normal human cells, L-929 normal murine cells, K-562 erythroleukemic human cells, IAD lymphoblastoid human cells and B 95-8 monkey lymphoblastoid cells. K-562 and lymphoblastoid cells showed higher sensitivity to the extract. Moreover, "a cytostatic dose" of the extract on K-562 cells (12.5 micrograms/ml showed a reduction of 3H-thymidine (but not of 14C-uracil) incorporation, leading us to hypothesize a prevalent action on DNA synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Biological effects of distamycin A].

In the present review are examined different biological effects of Distamycin A, an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces distallicus. This drug is moderately active on bacteria but it is strongly active on DNA viruses and on some Oncornaviruses, moreover it possesses antineoplastic and antimitotic activity at high doses at which it can result tossic and cause immunodepression.

Bacteria↗