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Biomedical subjects

A Pradalier

Publications and source records attributed to A Pradalier.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Comparative pharmacokinetics of intravenous propranolol in obese and normal volunteers.

Plasma pharmacokinetics of a single IV dl-propranolol dose (8 mg) were investigated in 12 obese subjects (mean +/- SD: 110.3 +/- 20.4 kg; 198.7 +/- 32.5% of ideal body weight) and compared with those of 12 healthy subjects (66.7 +/- 6.8 kg; 94.5 +/- 7.8% of ideal body weight). In obese subjects plasma alpha-1 glycoprotein acid concentrations and propranolol protein binding capacity did not differ significantly from control subjects. When compared with controls, obese subjects showed a significant increase (P less than .01) in AUC (161.0 +/- 67.0 vs 109.6 +/- 23.1 hr.micrograms/L), and significant decreases (P less than .01) in Vss (208.9 +/- 71.9 vs 318.6 +/- 91.8 L), V beta (234.3 +/- 70.4 vs 340.7 +/- 89.1 L), and total clearance (57.5 +/- 18.3 vs 75.9 +/- 15.4 L/hr). Elimination half-life was similar for the two populations (3.5 +/- 0.9 hr in obese subjects vs 3.1 +/- 0.9 hr in controls). Therefore, neither lipophilicity of propranolol nor drug plasma protein binding can explain these data. Altered hepatic function and tissue blood flow in obese subjects are proposed as an explanation for the decrease in total clearance and volume of distribution.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Whole blood and plasma histamine in common migraine.

Whole blood and plasma histamine levels were measured in 27 non-medicated patients with common migraine. In nine cases blood was drawn 1-2 h after the onset of a migraine attack. The whole blood histamine levels of migraineurs and controls did not differ significantly. In contrast, histamine levels were significantly increased in plasma from patients both during and between migraine attacks, as compared with controls (p less than 0.001). Finally, plasma taken from migraine patients induced a significantly greater release of histamine from control whole blood than did plasma taken from control subjects (p less than 0.01).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Calcium inhibitors in asthma].

Calcium ions are involved in many activities of cells, especially muscle contraction, mediator release and enzyme activities. It has been suggested that regulation of the cellular calcium could be important in the pathogenesis of asthma. In several studies, the efficiency of calcium antagonists on basophil degranulation and on asthma that is induced by pharmacological drugs (histamine, metacholine) or by exercise or allergens, has been investigated. A few studies on long-term treatment of asthma with calcium antagonists have been published. It seems that there is a place for the use of calcium inhibitors in the treatment of asthma, but it remains to fix the dosages and routes of administration and to identify the most effective products.

Asthma↗
PubMed1985

[Common migraine. Changes in conjugated and unconjugated catecholamines].

Plasma levels of conjugated and unconjugated catecholamines were measured in 27 migraineurs between attacks, in 9 migraineurs 1 to 2 hours after the onset of an attack, and in 30 controls. There were no significant changes in conjugated catecholamines; in contrast, a significant rise (p less than 0.01; KS test) in unconjugated dopamine, noradrenaline and adrenaline levels was observed during attacks. These results confirm that migrainous attacks are associated with platelet activation and with overactivity of the sympathetic system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Dermatopolymyositis during desensitization with candidin].

A dermatopolymyositis observation is reported. An urticaria has preceded the dermatopolymyositis and has been treated by a desensitivity procedure. The possible connection between this treatment and the dermatopolymyositis occurring is debated. This observation gives the opportunity to point out the importance of a thorough knowledge of the phenomena involved by such a treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Acute migraine attack therapy: comparison of naproxen sodium and an ergotamine tartrate compound.

The efficacy of safety of naproxen sodium and ergotamine tartrate were compared for the treatment of acute migraine attack in a randomized, parallel trial with 114 participating patients. At the start of symptoms, patients took either three tablets of naproxen sodium (275 mg each) or one of an ergotamine combination (containing 2 mg ergotamine tartrate, 91.5 mg caffeine, and 50 mg cyclizine chlorhydrate). Patients were followed for three months or until six attacks were monitored, whichever came first. Both medications substantially shortened the duration of migraine attacks and reduced the severity of symptoms. When the test medications were taken within 2 h of onset of attack, naproxen sodium was statistically significantly more effective than the ergotamine combination in reducing the severity of headache pain, nausea, and lightheadedness. The ergotamine combination was associated with significantly more vomiting, need for rescue medication, and side effects than was naproxen sodium. Four patients required discontinuation of the ergotamine combination and one of naproxen sodium. Both patients and investigators rated tolerance for naproxen sodium as superior to tolerance for the ergotamine combination. Naproxen sodium seems to be an effective and safe treatment for migraine attacks.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Spirometric monitoring of the effects of puncturing thoracic pain points in asthmatic disease].

The effects of puncture of thoracic pain points on ventilatory abnormalities were studied in 17 asthmatic subjects. For the tested group (n = 8), the painful character of the points was the only criterion for the choice of puncture sites. References to classical acupuncture points were not made. The points chosen for the control group (n = 9) were in extrathoracic zones (lower limbs). VEMS was significantly higher (p less than 0.05) after puncture of thoracic pain points whereas no shift was observed after puncture in the extrathoracic zone. VC was not modified by either technique.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1985

[Alcohol and urticaria].

The relationship of alcohol intake and urticaria is complex. The mechanism of action may be related to a hypersensitivity reaction to ethyl alcohol or to the other components of alcoholic drinks. Urticaria may also result from the pharmacological effects of alcohol or from the histamine content of the drink. The authors review the literature about hypersensitivity to alcohol and to the different components of alcoholic drinks, especially added compounds. The appropriate sensitivity tests for making this diagnosis are described.

Alcoholic Beverages↗
PubMed1983

[Role of platelet serotonin in common migraine. Concentrations and uptake].

Concentrations and uptake of platelet conjugated and unconjugated serotonin were measured in 15 healthy subjects and in 19 patients with common migraine. Venous blood was taken between migrainous attacks in all patients and during attacks in 8 of them. A significant decrease in unconjugated serotonin concentrations was observed during the attacks, whereas conjugated serotonin concentrations were the same as in controls. In addition, migrainous attacks were accompanied by a significant decrease in serotonin uptake by the platelets, with fall in Km, Vmax and -y. This abnormality was corrected when platelets removed from patients during attacks were incubated in plasma from controls, but it persisted when platelets from controls were incubated in plasma taken from patients during attacks. These findings suggest that one or several factors present in plasma are responsible for the decrease in serotonin uptake observed during migrainous attacks. Finally a study of correlations between these changes and the time elapsed since the last migrainous attacks demonstrated cyclic variations in abnormalities between attacks.

Adult↗