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Biomedical subjects

A Pesce

Publications and source records attributed to A Pesce.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

In vitro interactions of serotonin (5-HT) with mononuclear cells from migraine patients: alterations related to the phase of the attack.

Serotonin (5-HT) binds in a saturable and specific manner to high affinity binding sites present on the surface of human mononuclear cells. The serotonin binding to mononuclear cells has been assayed in patients with migraine, during and outside the crisis period. In these patients, unlike the episodic cluster headache patients that show a constant trend, the results are variable. This variability may depend on the fluctuation of 5-HT levels in the blood, during and after the crisis. A possible explanation for these observations is that at the beginning of the crisis the binding of 5-HT is still similar to the normal level. As the crisis goes on, there is at first an increase in 5-HT binding that saturates all the available sites and a subsequent phenomenon of desensitization, with a loss of high affinity sites. Further investigations are needed in order to assess whether or not the mononuclear cell functions are affected by the modifications of the binding of 5-HT, thought to be a regulatory molecule.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

In vitro activity of LY146032 alone and in combination with other antibiotics against gram-positive bacteria.

The antibacterial activity of LY146032 alone and in combination with other drugs was assayed against gram-positive isolates. Synergism was found when LY146032 was combined with netilmicin, amikacin, imipenem, and fosfomycin by both checkerboard and time-kill tests. Indifference predominated when LY146032 was combined with teicoplanin, vancomycin, and rifampin. Under no circumstances and with no combinations was an antagonistic effect detected.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1987

Peptic fragments of bovine serum albumin bind antigen-specific T suppressor cells from orally tolerized mice.

The antigenic structures capable of binding immunoregulatory T cells have been investigated. The functional properties (suppression or help) of BSA-specific T cells from primed or orally tolerized mice with capacity to adhere to bovine serum albumin or its peptic fragments were examined in reconstitution experiments in which splenic T-cell populations together with naive B cells were transferred into irradiated syngeneic recipients. Antigen-specific T suppressor cells isolated from mice tolerized to BSA adhered to peptic fragments of BSA as well as to the intact antigen. BSA-specific T helper cells adhered only to the intact antigen. Our data suggest that the preferential activation of T suppressor cells following administration of peptic fragments may be due to their ability to adhere to such fragments. These findings offer a novel approach of separation and identification of T suppressor cells and may be useful in further studies of immunosuppression.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

[Autoimmune thrombopenic purpura and AIDS-related syndromes. Preparing for surgery with immunoglobulins].

A case is reported of autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura in a narcotics addict with antibodies against human immune deficiency virus (HIV). Three points need stressing: 1) HIV is a new viral cause of autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura, the first report of which dates from 1985; 2) this bleeding diathesis may be seen more often in normal anaesthetic practice because of the frequent association of intravenous toxicomania with anti-HIV antibodies and thrombocytopaenia. Thus, of the thirty cases detected in two years and followed by our Department of haematology, two were operated on in the orthopaedic unit; 3) the use of intravenous human gammaglobulins is of great interest each time the clinical situation requires a rapid increase in the platelet count, such as before surgery. The usual dose is 400 mg . kg-1 . j-1 for five consecutive days. The response to immunoglobulins is seen in two or three days; their efficacy, in the case described, lasted for five to seven days, this including the postoperative time. Booster doses were followed by a quick increase in platelet count.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1987

Angiotensin II regulates interferon-gamma production.

An extensive literature links the immune responses to neuroendocrine regulation. We have examined the effects of the neuropeptide hormone angiotensin II on the production of the immunomodulatory lymphokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Angiotensin II (10(-6)-10(-8) M) stimulated (three- to fivefold) the IFN-gamma production in human blood lymphocytes obtained from normal individuals. At 10(-9) M angiotensin II stimulation disappeared and was reestablished at physiological concentrations of the neuropeptide (10(-10)-10(-11) M). Stimulation by angiotensin II was compared with the classical effect of the lectin phytohemagglutinin, and it was seen that both actions are mediated by external calcium (as they are blocked by EGTA 2.5 mM) and that the stimuli follow different kinetics, reaching the steady state at 6 h with angiotensin II and later (18 h) when the lectin was used. The effect of angiotensin II over the IFN-gamma production was blocked by its analog sarcosine 1-isoleucine 8-angiotensin II, showing the specificity of angiotensin II action. These findings demonstrate a selective biological regulation of IFN-gamma production by angiotensin II and suggest another regulation pathway of immune responses.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1987

Evaluation of the minimal bactericidal time (MBT) of sulbenicillin against multiresistant pathogens.

The in vitro antibacterial activity of sulbenicillin was evaluated against multiresistant strains isolated from in-patients and compared with that of carbenicillin and piperacillin. Sulbenicillin resulted in being as active as the other drugs against the strains tested, both at different pH, and at different bacterial inocula. In the time-kill tests sulbenicillin demonstrated bactericidal activity similar to that of piperacillin, and a higher killing rate when compared with that of carbenicillin.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1986

In vitro effect of thymosin alpha 1 on the expression of peanut agglutinin binding by murine thymocytes.

Thymosin alpha 1 induces the loss of PNA binding ability by subpopulation of thymic cells. This loss is probably due to an endocytic process. Nevertheless this disappearance is not a permanent one, suggesting a recycling of the PNA binding molecule. The cells that modulate their PNA binding sites after exposure to Thymosin alpha 1 are a small proportion of the total PNA+ thymocytes, indicating that not all thymocytes are susceptible to the thymic hormone Thymosin alpha 1. Conversely the exposure of thymocytes to Thymosin alpha 1 induces the disappearance of the binding sites for this ligand without further recycling, behavior expected for the receptor of a regulatory ligand. These results also indicate that the Thymosin alpha 1 and the PNA binding sites are on different molecules on the surface of the PNA+ thymocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

In vitro interactions between teicoplanin and other antibiotics against enterococci and staphylococci.

In this study we have evaluated the in vitro activity of teicoplanin, a potent anti-staphylococcal and anti-enterococcal agent, in combination with rifampicin, netilmicin, amikacin, fosfomycin and imipenem. Drug interactions were assessed using a microtitre checkerboard dilution method and a time-kill test. With rifampicin, indifference or an additive effect was the prevalent outcome with both methods. With netilmicin and amikacin synergism was seen against half of the enterococcal strains, whereas indifference was more common with staphylococcal isolates. Synergism predominated when teicoplanin was combined with fosfomycin and imipenem. Under no circumstances and with no combination of drugs were we able to detect antagonistic effects.

Amikacin↗