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Biomedical subjects

A Palant

Publications and source records attributed to A Palant.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

M-mode and two-dimensional contrast echocardiography in adult patients with atrial septal defects.

M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiographic studies, with and without contrast injection, were performed in 14 adult patients with clinical and radiological signs of atrial septal defects. Two-dimensional contrast echocardiography was found to be the most sensitive technique, allowing a definitive diagnosis to be made noninvasively in 12 patients (86%) of those patients studied. M-mode contrast echocardiography demonstrated an atrial shunt in 6 patients (43%). Regular two-dimensional echocardiography produced a high proportion of false-positive and false-negative results, while the findings on M-mode echocardiography are sensitive but nonspecific. All 14 patients described had the diagnosis confirmed on cardiac catheterization. Performance of the Valsalva maneuver during contrast echocardiography was found to be diagnostically unhelpful. The findings suggest that contrast echocardiography, particularly two-dimensional, is an effective, noninvasive diagnostic technique to be applied on clinical suspicion of atrial septal defects.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The roles of serum myoglobin, total CPK, and CK-MB isoenzyme in the acute phase of myocardial infarction.

Frequent blood samples were drawn for determination of serum myoglobin, creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and the MB isoenzyme of CPK (CPK-MB) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Significantly elevated levels of myoglobin were present 1.5 hours following onset of chest pain and predated elevations of CPK and CPK-MB by 3 hours. No evidence of the previously described "staccato" phenomenon was found. Due to very frequent blood sampling, a detailed picture of the evolution over time of the above indices was obtained. Significant differences were found in the biochemical profile of anterior wall infarction and diaphragmatic wall MI. A time-sensitivity curve (showing sensitivity of the assay at each time following onset of symptoms) was obtained for myoglobin, CPK, and CPK-MB. It appears that myoglobin is the most sensitive biochemical indicator of AMI in its early phase and since it decreases rapidly back to normal values, it can serve as an invaluable aid in the diagnosis of reinfarction and infarct extension. CPK-MB is a less sensitive indicator of MI but has the advantage of greater specificity.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

The prevalence of ruptured chordae tendineae in the mitral valve prolapse syndrome.

Echocardiographic studies were performed on 134 consecutive patients with idiopathic mitral valve prolapse syndrome. Fifteen patients (11.2%) were noted to have ruptured chordae tendineae on M-mode examination and in 12 of them the diagnosis was confirmed by bidimensional studies. Only four patients were referred for surgery as a result of severe mitral regurgitation. At operation one patient was found to have rupture of the anterior mitral chorda and the other three had posterior mitral chordal rupture. Eleven patients with chordal rupture had either mild symptoms or were completely asymptomatic. It is concluded that chordal rupture in patients with the mitral valve prolapse syndrome does not always result in severe hemodynamic deterioration and may go undetected unless a high index of suspicion is maintained. Serial echocardiographic studies may reveal the natural history of this condition in asymptomatic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Endogenous cortisol and thyroid hormone levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Thyroid hormones and cortisol levels were serially measured over seven mornings and evenings in 23 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or acute coronary insufficiency (ACI). The patients were divided into two groups, high level cortisol (HLC) and low level cortisol (LLC) groups, according to mean morning and evening cortisol levels. The transient increase in plasma rT3, decrease in T3 and TSH was significantly greater in the HLC group. A diurnal variation in cortisol levels was observed in the LLC group 48 h and in the HLC group 72 h after admission. Taking the 23 patients together, no significant correlation was observed between infarct size (peak CPK levels) and the altered rT3, T4 or TSH levels. However, a significant correlation was obtained between the maximal change in T3, rT3 or TSH and the mean cortisol levels preceding these alterations, as well as between cortisol levels and infarct size. It is suggested that cortisol rather than infarct size may be the dominant factor involved in the alteration of thyroidal levels in AMI patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The efficacy of Ajmaline in ventricular arrhythmias after failure of lidocaine therapy in the acute phase of myocardial infarction.

Forty-three patients in the acute phase of myocardial infarction who were resistant to conventional doses of lidocaine received Ajmaline intravenously (50 mg bolus followed by constant infusion rate of 1-1.5 mg/min). Dangerous ventricular arrhythmias were abolished in 72% of this group of patients (group A). In the remaining patients (28%), Ajmaline was found to be ineffective (group B). There was no reduction of systolic or diastolic blood pressure and there was an insignificant increase in heart rate. Atrio-ventricular or intraventricular conduction defects appeared in 46% of the patients described. There was a statistically significant increase in occurrence of heart blocks in group B patients and among these complete left bundle branch block (CLBBB) was the most prevalent. Atrio-ventricular or intraventricular conduction defects were transient, appearing between 8-36 h (mean 23 h), and were not accompanied by reduction of ventricular rate. Conduction defects disappeared within several hours (up to 24 hours) after Ajmaline was discontinued. It is concluded that Ajmaline administered by this regimen is an effective alternative agent for patients with ventricular arrhythmia not controlled by lidocaine in the acute phase of myocardial infarction.

Ajmaline↗
PubMed1982

Discrete membraneous sub-aortic stenosis in adult patient obtained by echocardiography and not proved by catheterization.

A case of a 60-year-old patient with discrete membranous sub-aortic stenosis is described. The diagnosis was established bases on echocardiographic evaluation by demonstration of a premature aortic valve closure and a sub-aortic membrane. No evidence of the sub-aortic membrane was noticed on cardiac catheterization. At operation, a discrete sub-aortic membrane was found 9 mm below the aortic valve, leaving an aperture of 1 cm diameter and a mildly deformed stenotic aortic valve. We stress the importance of careful pre-operative echocardiographic evaluation of every patient suspected of having any kind of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, even if catheterization data are not contributory.

Aortic Aneurysm↗
PubMed1982

Non oliguric acute renal failure after treatment with sulfinpyrazone.

Two cases with acute reversible renal failure while receiving sulfinpyrazone after acute myocardial infarction are presented. Sulfinpyrazone 200 mg q.i.d. was started a few days after the myocardial infarction. In both patients BUN and creatinine rose significantly, and returned to previous values when the drug was discontinued. No other known causes of renal failure were present in either of the patients.

Acute Kidney Injury↗