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Biomedical subjects

A Nieto

Publications and source records attributed to A Nieto.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Pulmonary tuberculosis with normal chest radiography and infection by human immunodeficiency virus].

We report 16 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis with normal chest x-ray film associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). These patients belong to a sample of 125 cases of tuberculosis and HIV infection observed during the same study period. The clinical features and the diagnostic methods are described. The unusual character of the finding and its relevance are discussed, as the presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis with normal chest x-ray film was relatively common in patients with HIV infection (12.8%) in our series. This possibility should be considered in the whole population of patients with HIV infection.

False Negative Reactions↗
PubMed1990

Localization of an estrogen receptor binding site near the promoter of the uteroglobin gene.

By means of a DNA-cellulose competitive binding assay, we have studied the interaction of the estrogen receptor with genomic fragments of the estrogen responsive rabbit uteroglobin gene. The fragments spanned from 3255 bp upstream to 1754 bp downstream of the initiation site. Only a fragment (-396/+8) showed strong affinity for the receptor. Within this fragment a unique palindromic sequence (GGTCAccaTGCCC) was found which is very similar to the canonical consensus sequence for the estrogen receptor. A synthetic oligonucleotide of that structure specifically competed for the binding of the receptor to DNA-cellulose.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Transcriptional regulation of rat liver protein disulphide-isomerase gene by insulin and in diabetes.

The mRNA encoding for rat protein disulphide-isomerase (PDI) increases 3-fold in the liver of diabetic rats and is accompanied by similar changes at the protein level. Long treatment (for 3 days) of diabetic rats with insulin reverses this effect of diabetes both at the mRNA and protein levels. The higher expression of rat PDI mRNA in diabetes is due to an increase in the transcriptional rate of the gene, and insulin treatment of diabetic animals produces within 30 min a decrease in the level of transcription of PDI gene, as judged by nuclear run-on transcription experiments performed in vivo. These results clearly show a role for insulin in the regulation of transcription of the gene encoding this multifunctional protein in rat liver.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Semantic capabilities of the left and right cerebral hemispheres in categorization tasks: effects of verbal-pictorial presentation.

Two lateral tachistoscopic experiments were carried out to test semantic capabilities of the left and right cerebral hemispheres through categorization tasks with verbal and pictorial presentations. RVF advantages were obtained for verbal presentations in both category-membership and category-matching tasks. However, no significant visual-field differences were found for any pictorial presentation. We also found a higher degree of sensitiveness of the positive judgements for the detection of hemispheric differences and sex differences in patterns of functional asymmetries with a greater lateralization in males.

Attention↗
PubMed1990

Characterization of tau protein present in microtubules and paired helical filaments of Alzheimer's disease patient's brain.

Two proteins immunologically related to porcine tau protein are found in the brain of Alzheimer's disease patients. One is bound to microtubules and, after isolation by co-polymerization with tubulin, shows a size and tryptic peptide map, similar to the microtubule-associated tau protein, present in the brain of non-demented patients. The other tau-related protein is present as the major protein of a purified fraction of paired helical filaments. The paired helical filament-associated protein shows smaller molecular weight (33,000) than microtubule-associated tau; however, this 33,000 mol. wt protein reacts with a monospecific anti-tau antibody and with an antibody to a 19-amino acid peptide corresponding to amino acids 228-246 of human tau. Furthermore, the 33,000 mol. wt protein and the tau protein have similar tryptic peptide maps. These results suggest that the paired helical filament protein is a modified form of the microtubule-associated tau protein.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Collagenous structures present in brain contain epitopes shared by collagen and microtubule-associated protein tau.

A novel type of collagenous fibers has been isolated from human brain and characterized by electron microscopy and optical diffraction. It was found that the morphology of the fibers is similar, but not identical, to that of skin collagen. Also, the collagenous fibers show some similarities with the paracrystals that could be assembled in vitro from purified microtubule-associated protein tau. Immunological analyses indicated the presence of epitopes in these collagenous fibers which react with antibodies against collagen and tau.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Candida esophagitis treated with a single dose of fluconazole in patients with HIV: presentation of 11 cases].

We have reviewed the efficacy of the use of fluconazole in patients with definitely proven Candida esophagitis (CE) associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, using a single 400 mg oral dose of fluconazole and evaluating the patient three days afterwards. This drug showed to be effective for the clinical and endoscopic cure in all patients (100%), and with microbiological cure in ten cases. There was no clinical feature of toxicity. The only side effect was an increased alkaline phosphatase and transaminase activity without hyperbilirubinemia, but this finding was not statistically significant (p greater than 0.05). Fluconazole, given in a single 400 mg dose, was absolutely effective to cure esophagitis in AIDS, thus permitting to avoid parenteral amphotericin.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Uvulo-palato-pharyngoplasty, 1-yr follow-up].

Seven patients suffering from obstructive sleeping sickness syndrome and operated on U-P-P-P-., were controlled, one year later, through the polysomnographic test. The tracings showed a clear improvement compared with the preoperative records. Best results are gained in those cases with lesser apneic degree.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Polysomnographic results of uvulo-palato-pharyngoplasty].

The paper deals with the polysomnographic issues from 7 patients diagnosed of obstructive sleeping illness and treated with an UPPP. Tracings were recorded after 3 and 12 months. The comparison between pre- and postoperative findings showed the improvement, being the higher apneic index decrease 50 per cent, among 57 per cent of the cases.

Electroencephalography↗
PubMed1990

In vivo estrogenic and antiestrogenic activity of phenolphthalein and derivative compounds.

The estrogenic activity of phenolphthalein and other related triphenylmethane dyes was evaluated in vivo in the immature rat uterus. Phenolphthalein behaved as a partial agonist of estradiol in stimulating the growth of rat uterus. Other specific estrogenic effects of the dye included an increase of the uterine DNA content, histological changes and induction of estrogen-modulated secretory proteins. The progressive introduction of side chains in the triphenylmethane skeleton concomitantly decreased the estrogenic activity. Triphenylmethanes competed with [3H]estradiol for the binding to the estrogen receptor in vitro, the relative binding affinity being correlated with the estrogenic potency observed in vivo. Phenolphthalein also showed antiestrogenic activity that could be overcome by increasing the dose of estradiol.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Four-day continuous infusion of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil in head and neck cancer.

A combination of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil, both administered 4 days continuously as infusion, was assessed in advanced head and neck cancer. Of the 37 patients studied, there were 15 complete and 17 partial responses (40.5% and 45.9%, respectively). Survival is 79.1% at 22 months. None of the patients in complete response has relapsed. In general toxic effects were moderate. Given as initial treatment, the regimen is effective and of considerable use in this type of patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

In vitro biosynthesis and secretion of rabbit epididymal secretory proteins: regulation by androgens.

The biosynthesis and secretion of epididymal proteins were studied in an in vitro system using explants from rabbit epididymis cultured in a defined medium. Epididymal explants actively incorporated [35S]methionine into cellular proteins, about 7% of them being secreted into the medium. SDS-PAGE of the labeled proteins secreted to the medium showed regional differences in their synthesis and secretion along the epididymal tract. Castration resulted in the inhibition of the synthesis and secretion of at least two polypeptides of Mr 150,000 and 21,000, but at the same time induced the appearance of other polypeptides. Immunoprecipitations with a specific antibody indicated that the variations in the amounts of the secreted 21 kDa component were associated with differences in its rate of synthesis. Epididymis from immature rabbits synthesized some polypeptides that are repressed in the adult state. The results suggest a dual effect of testosterone on rabbit epididymal secretory proteins.

Androgens↗
PubMed1989

Altered levels of microtubule proteins in brains of Alzheimer's disease patients.

The amount of microtubule protein present in the total soluble protein from brains of Alzheimer's disease patients and from brains of non-Alzheimer age-matched controls, were determined by radioimmunoassay. No differences were found in the amount of tubulin or microtubule-associated protein MAP2 present in either group. However, the amount of tau protein or MAP1 from the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients was about half of that present in their control counterparts.

Alzheimer Disease↗