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Biomedical subjects

A Nagano

Publications and source records attributed to A Nagano.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Intercostal nerve transfer to restore upper extremity functions after brachial plexus injury.

We report the efficacy of intercostal nerve transfer to restore elbow flexion, shoulder functions, and hand functions. One hundred and twelve patients with loss of elbow flexion were treated with intercostal nerve transfer to the musculocutaneous nerve and 97 (87%) of them regained grade 3 or 4 elbow flexion. Seven patients with loss of shoulder functions were treated with combined intercostal nerve transfer to the axillary nerve and phrenic nerve transfer to the suprascapular nerve, and 4 (57%) of them regained more than 80 degrees abduction and 5 (71%) regained more than 50 degrees external rotation starting with the forearm against the chest. To restore hand functions, intercostal nerves were sutured to the radial nerve or one of its branches in 40 patients and to the median nerve in 10 patients. Motor recovery was poor in both nerve transfers, but protective sensation was regained in the fingers innervated by the median nerve in 9 (90%) of the 10 patients. We conclude that intercostal nerve transfer after brachial plexus injury was a useful procedure to restore elbow flexion and shoulder functions, and for restoring a protective sensation in the fingers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Skeletal abnormalities in Satoyoshi's syndrome: a radiographic study of eight cases.

Skeletal abnormalities of eight patients with Satoyoshi's syndrome, a rare condition of unknown etiology characterized by progressive muscle spasms, alopecia, and diarrhea, were studied radiographically. Various skeletal changes were observed including metaphyseal lesions, slipping of multiple epiphyses, cystic lesions, acroosteolysis and osteolysis, bone fragmentation at tendinous insertions, fatigue fractures, and early osteoarthrosis. This wide range of lesions is likely to be due to repeated injuries to the growth plates, epiphyses, and tendon attachments in the growing skeleton caused by recurrent vigorous muscle spasms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Hemolysis of normal human erythrocytes by autologous serum complement.

Unsensitized normal human erythrocytes (E) were shown to be lysed when incubated with autologous serum in the presence of zymosan (Zy). The hemolysis proceeded slowly with a relatively constant rate for at least 24 h at 37 degrees C. It was shown that the hemolytic reaction is antibody independent and mediated by complement activation through the alternative pathway and that hemolysis is not due to the decay or inactivation of complement regulators present on the E membrane. The mechanism of the phenomenon was studied by use of several kinds of sera genetically deficient in C3, C5, C7 or C9. The reaction was found to be divided into two stages: in the first step, neither E, C5, C7 nor C9 but Zy, serum factors containing C3 and metal ions are necessary, and in the second step, neither C3 nor metal ions but E, C5, C7 and C9 are necessary. Thus, E seem to be lysed by reactive lysis induced by C5 convertase formed on Zy through alternative complement pathway activation.

Complement Activation↗
PubMed1992

Restoration of elbow flexion in root lesions of brachial plexus injuries.

A retrospective review of 87 patients with loss of elbow flexion secondary to root injuries of the brachial plexus was carried out. Results of nerve grafting, direct nerve transfer with the intercostal nerve, or tendon transfer were analyzed, and treatment recommendations were developed. Nerve transfer provided good or excellent results for injuries that included avulsion of the C5 and/or C6 roots. Nerve grafts were used successfully in cases of single or combined ruptures of C5 and C6. Tendon transfers provided good or excellent results in C5-C6 or C5-C7 avulsions, where nerve grafting was not possible and transferable muscles had good strength. Somatosensory evoked potentials were necessary to demonstrate nerve root avulsions in cases in which the roots appeared ruptured on visual inspection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Disproportionate short stature, type E brachydactyly and exostoses of tibiae in a patient with an XYY karyotype. A 'new' syndrome?

An 18-year-old male with an XYY karyotype is reported with short stature, normal intelligence and normal personality, in contrast to the XYY syndrome which can be characterized by tall stature, mental subnormality and aggressive behaviour. The patient, in addition, had exostoses of the tibiae bilaterally and type E brachydactyly; this association has not previously been described in patients with the XYY karyotype.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Metachondromatosis: a report of two cases in a family.

We have described a 10-year-old Japanese boy and his father with metachondromatosis characterized by multiple exostoses, enchondromas, and periarticular calcification or ossification and reviewed the literature on this condition. The boy developed bilateral epiphyseal changes in the hips mimicking Perthes' disease. These cases are the first Japanese individuals with this disorder. The natural history and the associated disorders of metachondromatosis are also discussed in this paper. Metachondromatosis is an inherited skeletal dysplasia characterized by multiple cartilaginous exostoses, multiple enchondromas, and periarticular calcification or ossification. The mode of inheritance of the disease is autosomal dominant. In 1971, Maroteaux first described the disorder in 6 patients of 2 kindreds. Since then, 22 cases have been reported. However, no Japanese patient with this disorder has been described to date. We herein report a Japanese boy and his father with this rare bone dysplasia. The boy developed bilateral epiphyseal lesions in the femoral heads mimicking Perthes' disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Ventilatory effects of percutaneous magnetophrenic stimulation.

This study was conducted with the purpose of elucidating the ventilatory effect of percutaneous magnetic stimulation of the phrenic nerve and investigating the possibility of clinically utilizing this effect as the mechanism of an artificial respirator. A magnetic stimulator consisting of a flat circular coil generating strong magnetic fields up to a maximum of 1.3 Tesla was developed. Formed from 1.8 mm diameter copper wire, this coil is 40 mm in diameter, 14 mm in thickness and has an inductance of 24 microH. The appurtenant current generator can deliver more than 5000 A to the coil. The capacitor terminal voltage (Vc) of the generator was used as a parameter of the intensity of the stimulus. Ventilatory effects were assessed mainly by diaphragmatic electromyogram and by transdiaphragmatic pressure, ventilation flow and tidal volume measurements. Magnetic stimulation was applied percutaneously to a unilateral phrenic nerve in dogs as well as human subjects and also to a median nerve of the forearm in human subjects. The range of stimulatory intensity Vc necessary to obtain ventilatory effects was 400-500 V, and the tidal volume thus obtained corresponded to normal breathing at rest for both dogs and humans. No pain was felt in the vicinity of point of application of the stimulator and there were no significant adverse effects such as changes in the ECG or heart rate. These results indicated that percutaneous magnetic stimulation of the phrenic nerve could produce adequate ventilatory effects in control applications.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Attempted limb lengthening by physeal distraction. Continuous monitoring of an applied force in immature rabbits.

The effectiveness of physeal distraction in stimulating bone growth in animals was investigated by force applied to the distal femoral growth plate of immature rabbits. The system was continuously monitored to detect physeal separation. A distraction of 0.25 mm every 12 hours led to physeal separation in five animals. One animal given a 6-kg force and two of seven given a 4-kg force showed physeal separation. All four rabbits given a 2-kg force and five of seven given a 4-kg force did not show a greater increase in length than the control femurs. Bone growth was not stimulated by physeal distraction. Any increase in length of more than the normal growth is attributable to physeal separation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Usefulness of myelography in brachial plexus injuries.

Ninety brachial plexus lesions have been examined by myelography and the results classified into six types. These were compared against the level of lesion found at exploration of the brachial plexus with electrophysiological investigations carried out during the operation. The results show that myelography can be a reliable and useful pre-exploratory measure to assess the level of the lesion of each injured root.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Direct nerve crossing with the intercostal nerve to treat avulsion injuries of the brachial plexus.

One hundred seventy-nine patients with root avulsion brachial plexus injuries were treated with direct nerve crossing with the intercostal nerve and 159 cases were followed more than 1 1/2 years after the operation. When suture was done to the musculocutaneous nerve, 90% of 10 children who had operation within 7 months of injury and 81.8% of 110 adults, younger than 40 years with operation within 6 months of injury regained grade 3 or 4 elbow flexion power. This direct method seems to produce better results than those of nerve crossing, which uses intermediary nerve grafts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Shoulder arthrodesis by external fixation.

The choice of pin site in shoulder arthrodesis after brachial plexus injury is important for efficient external fixation. The pins are inserted into the coracoid process from the anterior aspect and the scapular spine from the acromion. This insertion method holds the scapula more rigid and allows the patient to lie supine. Moreover, it makes it possible to correct the fixation angle after the operation. In 11 cases of brachial plexus injury, solid bony arthrodesis was obtained within three months.

Adult↗