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Biomedical subjects

A Murata

Publications and source records attributed to A Murata.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Serum interleukin 6, C-reactive protein and pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) as acute phase reactants after major thoraco-abdominal surgery.

We measured serum immunoreactive interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels in patients after major thoraco-abdominal surgery and compared them with changes in serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) levels. Serum IL-6 levels were elevated earlier than serum CRP or PSTI. There were significant relationships between the peak levels of serum IL-6 and the operation time (p less than 0.05) or the volume of blood loss during surgery (p less than 0.05), showing that serum IL-6 can be a useful laboratory test for the evaluation of tissue injuries due to surgical intervention. Though there was a significant relationship between the peak levels of IL-6 and CRP (p less than 0.01), there was no relationship between the peak levels of IL-6 and PSTI.

Acute-Phase Reaction↗
PubMed1990

Response to IL-6 stimulation of human hepatoblastoma cells: production of pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor.

LPS-stimulated macrophage conditioned medium and IL-6 markedly stimulated the secretion of PSTI by cultured hepatoblastoma cells. The mechanism underlying the cellular response of IL-6-induced secretion of PSTI was investigated. Among the agents affecting the signal transduction pathways, forskolin significantly induced PSTI secretion whereas PMA or A23187 did not, suggesting that IL-6 induced PSTI secretion is mediated by cAMP dependent protein kinase A.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Postoperative hyperbilirubinemia after resection of thoracic esophageal cancer.

The rate of occurrence of postoperative hyperbilirubinemia (PHB) following esophagectomy for thoracic esophageal cancer was 67%, 115/171 cases, which was significantly higher than those following total gastrectomy (28%, 40/144 cases) and colectomy (12%, 7/59 cases). Among the operative procedures, right thoracotomy with extensive lymphoadenectomy had the highest rate of PHB (87%), perhaps due to the longest operation time and the largest intraoperative blood loss. Preoperative risk factors were glucose intolerance, reduced lymphocyte count, and poor nutritional state. The change in bile acid composition, as well as the elevation of alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, indicated the presence of postoperative cholestasis which was relevant to total parenteral nutrition. The results suggest that the development of PHB was related to the extent of surgery and the use of parenteral nutrition.

Blood Loss, Surgical↗
PubMed1990

[Cognitive function, cerebral blood flow and brain atrophy in olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy].

UNLABELLED: Eighteen cases of OPCA (9 males and 9 females, age 39-70, mean 57.8 +/- 8.1 years). Mean duration of illness was 65.7 +/- 36 months. Age-matched controls for Brain-CT were 34 cases (13 males and 21 females) (age 39-70, mean 56.8 +/- 9.4 years), in which CT was examined because of functional disorders, and 50 healthy volunteers (25 males and 25 females) (age 36-72, mean 56.6 +/- 7.9 years) for regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mental function. Brain Atrophy Index (BAI) and Ventricular Atrophy Index (VAI) were calculated by digitizer (PCPAD) on CT films in the slice of lateral ventricle level, basal ganglia level and cerebello-pontine level. There were 10 patients of OPCA who examined CT prior to this study. Interval of the two examinations was 21-76 months, mean 53 months. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were measured by 133 Xe inhalation methods. Intelligence were evaluated with Okabe's Intelligence Scale (Shortened and modified Wechsler's Memory Scale for Japanese Aged) and Kohs' Block Design Test. Depressive state was evaluated with Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). RESULTS: 1) Cerebello-pontine atrophy was significantly prominent but no cerebral atrophy was observed in OPCA. 2) The rCBF was mildly but significantly reduced in OPCA. 3) Performance and verbal intelligence were significantly low in OPCA. 4) OPCA patients showed significant depressive state. 5) Grade of ADL did not show significant participation in the rCBF, intelligence and depressive state. 6) There was no significant correlation between duration of illness and rCBF or mental functions. 7) Cerebello-pontine atrophy significantly progressed in OPCA patients followed-up.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of TRH and histidyl-proline diketopiperazine (cyclo(His-Pro] on catecholamine secretion].

The effects of TRH and its metabolite, histidyl-proline diketopiperazine (cyclo(His-Pro] on catecholamine metabolism in the central nervous system, peripheral tissues and plasma were examined in adult and young Wistar rats aged 3 weeks. The intravenous administration of 50 micrograms of TRH produced an increase in plasma epinephrine, cerebral dopamine and a reciprocal decrease in norepinephrine and dopamine in diencephalon and midbrain. In contrast, 50 micrograms of cyclo(His-Pro) induced a rise in plasma dopamine and a decrease of dopamine in cerebellum, pons and medulla oblongata. After intraperitoneal injection of 3 mg of alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine, which blocked re-uptake of catecholamines in synapses, intrathecal administration of 30 ng TRH accelerated 2 times metabolic turnover of norepinephrine and dopamine in cerebral hemisphere, diencephalon and midbrain as well as norepinephrine turnover in cerebellum, pons, medulla oblongata, heart and brown adipose tissue. Consecutive intrathecal administration of TRH for 6 days enhanced cerebral catecholamine content. These results indicate that (1) TRH accelerates metabolic rate of catecholamine in the central nervous system as well as peripheral tissues, and (2) TRH acts on both noradrenergic and dopaminergic neurons in cerebral hemisphere, diencephalon and midbrain, whereas cyclo(His-Pro) acts mainly on dopaminergic neurons in cerebellum, pons and medulla oblongata.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of activated pulmonary natural killer (NK) cells by poly I:C on the established pulmonary metastasis].

The author took interest in the existence of effector cells which had natural killer (NK) activity on the lung, in other words organ-associated NK cells, compared the augmented effect of pulmonary NK activity by poly I:C with that of spleen NK activity, and also investigated the effect of activated pulmonary NK cells on established pulmonary metastasis. It was shown that pulmonary NK cells in C57BL/6 mice had significant cytotoxicity against YAC-1 target cells in a 4 h-51Cr release assay, although their cytotoxicity was remarkably low as compared with that of spleen cells. However, by treatment with poly I:C, pulmonary NK activity was significantly augmented compared with spleen NK activity. This cytotoxicity was abrogated by treatment with anti-asialo GM1 antibody. From these results, it was considered that the effector cells was a NK cell. When poly I:C was administrated intraperitoneally from 3 days after intravenous inoculation of B16-F10 melanoma cells, the number of the pulmonary metastatic nodules was significantly decreased. The number of pulmonary metastatic nodules was not suppressed by a combination treatment of poly I:C and anti-asialo GM1 antibody to the same degree as in treatment by anti-asialo GM1 antibody alone. The experimental group which underwent a combination treatment of poly I:C and carrageenan showed a suppression of the number of pulmonary metastatic nodules to the same degree as the group treated with poly I:C alone. Therefore it was shown that the effect of pulmonary metastatic suppression with poly I:C was caused not by macrophages but by pulmonary NK cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Differences in stimulatory effects between rat pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor-61 and -56 on rat pancreas.

Two types of pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitors (PSTIs) were recently purified from rat pancreatic juice. One consisted of 61 (PSTI-61) and the other of 56 (PSTI-56) amino acid residues. PSTI-61 has been reported to elicit cholecystokinin (CCK) release when injected into the duodenum. Since no information has been available about the action of PSTI-56 on CCK release, the two PSTIs were compared for their stimulatory effect on CCK release and pancreatic exocrine secretions in conscious rats after intraduodenal administration. Rats were prepared with bile and pancreatic fistulae and with two duodenal cannulae. Pancreatic juice was excluded from the duodenum for 48 h prior to the experiment because rat PSTIs were trypsin sensitive. PSTI-61 significantly stimulated pancreatic secretions and increased plasma CCK concentrations from 3.6 to 6.5 pM, whereas PSTI-56 had no effect on either CCK release or pancreatic secretions. It is suggested that the action as a regulator for CCK release and pancreatic secretions is possessed only by PSTI-61, but not by PSTI-56.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

[A case of pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis induced by pregnancy].

A 35-year-old primigravida was admitted to the Department of obstetrics complaining of dyspnea and left back pain at 21 weeks' gestation. Chest roentgenogram revealed diffuse reticulonodular shadows predominantly in both lower lung fields and arterial hypoxemia was present. Pulmonary function tests showed restrictive impairment and decreased carbon monoxide diffuse capacity. From these results, interstitial pneumonia was suspected and she was first treated with prednisolone. However during her pregnancy, spontaneous pneumothorax occurred. Following spontaneous delivery of healthy infant at 37 weeks, left chylothorax occurred, and pleurodesis was performed with OK432. Thereafter the histological diagnosis of pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis was made by transbronchial lung biopsy and treatment of prednisolone was stopped. She was treated with tamoxifen. In addition, progesterone-receptor was detected in the pulmonary tissue obtained at open lung biopsy. She was treated with cyclophosphamide in addition to tamoxifen. At present, shortness of breath has decreased slightly in comparison with one year previously, but no improvement has been seen in lung function tests or chest roentgenogram.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Lower levels of vitamin C in plasma and urine of Japanese male smokers.

We studied the vitamin C status of smokers and nonsmokers among staff members of our university in 1982. This paper describes the results from the 1983-85 studies. Plasma vitamin C levels (M +/- SD, mg/dl) from smokers and nonsmokers, respectively, were as follows: 0.49 +/- 0.15 (n = 51) and 0.72 +/- 0.23 (n = 73) in 1983, 0.56 +/- 0.13 (n = 48) and 0.84 +/- 0.21 (n = 88) in 1984, and 0.52 +/- 0.15 (n = 56) and 0.86 +/- 0.24 (n = 93) in 1985. The differences between smokers and nonsmokers are all highly significant. Urinary vitamin C levels (M +/- SD, mg/dl) from smokers and nonsmokers, respectively, were 1.8 +/- 0.6 and 2.6 +/- 0.9 in 1983 and 2.0 +/- 0.7 and 2.9 +/- 1.0 in 1984. These differences between the two groups are also highly significant. Both groups were similar in age, height, weight, general health parameters, and vegetable and fruit consumption. Plasma and urinary vitamin C levels were significantly higher in smokers taking vitamin C supplement than in those not taking vitamin C supplement.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Responses of cerebral arteries to the changes in cerebral perfusion pressure].

The responsiveness of cerebral pial arteries and arterioles to changes in systemic arterial blood pressure (SAP) was investigated. Using 9 cats anesthetized with chloralose and urethane, direct, simultaneous measurements of pial arterial pressure (PAP) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) were made during changes in SAP. SAP was varied between 25 and 140 mmHg by the hemorrhage and blood infusion methods. After a partial craniotomy. PAP was measured with a micropipette connected to a servo-controlled micropressure recording system. Punctured pial arteries were grouped into three types according to their diameters, 1A (291 +/- 33 microns), 2A (16 +/- 26 microns), and 3A (70 +/- 10 microns). CBF on the exposed cortex was measured with hydrogen clearance method. The PAPs measured were a linear function of SAP; PAP (1A) = 0.73/SAP-6.6 (r = 0.96), PAP (2A) = 0.62 X SAP-6.6 (r = 0.90), PAP (3A) = 0.61 X SAP-6.4 (r = 0.93). The result indicates that PAPs are entirely dependent on SAP and that SAP induced changes in PAPs are less in the smaller pial arteries. Regional CBF remained constant (55 +/- 4 ml/100 g/min) between 60 and 140 mmHg of SAP. A significant decrease in CBF was observed below 60 mmHg of SAP. Cerebrovascular resistances were calculated segmentally using the following formulas; large vessel resistances (LVR) = (SAP-PAP(1A]/CBF, middle vessel resistance = (PAP (1A)-PAP (3A]/CBF, and small vessel resistance = PAP (3A)/CBF. The changes in LVR, MVR, and SVR were almost identical between 70 and 140 mmHg of SAP. Below 70 mmHg of SAP, SVR showed the greatest decrease in resistance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical analysis of post-operative hyperbilirubinemia following resection of esophageal cancer (Part II). The influences of extensive lymphatic dissection].

The incidence of postoperative hyperbilirubinemia (PHB) in 30 cases of resected esophageal cancer with extensive lymphatic dissection was 87% (26 cases) since 1986. Patients with higher bilirubin (bil.) level (group A: bil. greater than or equal to 3.5) composed of 77% (23 cases). Both rates were significantly higher than that of PHB (59%) and that of group A (29%), respectively, in 1979-1985 when extensive lymphatic dissection had not been performed. Patients with PHB had lower nutritional index and underwent longer postoperative mechanical ventilation in comparison to patients with normal bil. levels. Addition of cholecystectomy or cholecystostomy to esophagectomy could not reduce the incidence of PHB. Plasma endotoxin was measured postoperatively in 9 cases, 6 of which showed positive reaction. PHB was developed in 5 of 6 cases with positive plasma endotoxin. Though PHB was accompanied by cholestasis, leukocytosis and positive plasma endotoxin, clear septic foci could not be identified. Therefore, infection with occult septic foci caused by excessive surgical stress may be the cause of endotoxemia and contributing to PHB.

Cholecystectomy↗