[Efficacy of different doses of salmon calcitonin in the treatment of osteoporosis assessed by densitometry].
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
A Moroni
Publications and source records attributed to A Moroni.
[Femoral compression neuropathy caused by spontaneous hematoma during heparin therapy: description of a case].
Heparin therapy has become widespread during the past few years. Consequently, the haemorrhagic complications of this therapy have become more common. In some cases, the clinical manifestations do not directly recall the haemorrhagic episode but rather, they simulate intercurrent pathologies. This is the case with femoral neuropathy from psoas haematoma which we refer to here.
Aged↗
Prevalence of enteric adenovirus from acute gastroenteritis: a five year study.
Adenoviruses were detected in the stools in 459 of 3932 (11.6%) pediatric children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis from January 1981 to December 1985. Out of the 459 adenovirus specimens 325 (8.3%) were presumptively identified as enteric adenovirus both by an adenovirus genus specific ELISA and by growth characteristics of adenovirus isolates in HEp-2 cells and in 293 cells. Enteral adenoviruses were found endemic since these viruses have been found for 5 successive years. A seasonal variation in the rates of adenovirus was also observed. Comparative data of rotavirus prevalence in the same study population are reported.
Acute Disease↗
Observation of selective gamma decay of fission-like fragments in the 32S+58Ni reaction at 143 MeV.
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Journal Article↗
Evaluation of antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus in Italian patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
An association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has been established serologically in Italian patients. The finding of IgA antibodies to EBV-capsid antigen (VCA) and to early antigen (EA) showed a high degree of correlation for patients with NPC, thereby confirming previous reports. In addition, when considered together, IgA anti-VCA and IgG anti-EA antibody titres appeared to distinguish NPC-patients from those in control populations. Poorly differentiated and undifferentiated carcinomas with lymphoid cellular infiltrations showed the highest frequency of association with positive EBV serological tests.
Antibodies, Viral↗
Capture-ELISA for serum IgM antibody to respiratory syncytial virus.
A four-component solid-phase capture enzyme immunoassay was set up to test for serum IgM antibody to respiratory syncytial (RS) virus and was compared with immunofluorescence assay (IFA). A total of 128 young children with acute respiratory infections were studied. Thirty-six were shown to be RS virus-positive by the detection of RS virus in nasopharyngeal secretions and 92 were RS virus-negative. A serum specimen was collected after admission to the hospital (days 0-4) and a further specimen was obtained during days 10-14. Out of 36 RS virus-positive patients, 28 (77.7%) were found to be positive for IgM by both capture-ELISA and IFA. Out of 92 RS virus-negative patients 5 (5.4%) were IgM-positive. Four false-positive results were obtained by IFA due to the presence of rheumatoid factor. The capture-ELISA was shown to be a reliable technique in detecting specific IgM antibody to RS virus.
Antibodies, Viral↗
Surnames in Sardinia. III. The spatial distribution of surnames for testing neutrality of genes.
1. A study on heterogeneity of males' surnames over time and space in the island of Sardinia was carried out using data from consanguineous marriages (1800-1970) and telephone directories (1978). 2. Variation of frequency of surnames over time is barely significant and 10 times lower than that over space, which is very highly significant. 3. For sufficiently frequent surnames the estimate of the Wahlund variance, calculated from chi 2 for heterogeneity in space, is independent of the frequency of a surname: this supplies evidence of neutrality in line with that obtained from the frequency distribution of surnames. 4. The Wahlund variance, W (also called FST), decreases regularly as the average size of the area considered (number of individuals per area, N) increases. The estimate of the parameter beta in the relation W = KN beta could be of interest for the study of population structure. 5. A correction factor of 1/4 must be made on the surnames' variance in consideration of their haploid unisexual transmission. 6. It is suggested that surnames could provide a baseline for estimating the value of Wahlund variance under random genetic drift and hence evaluating whether a gene behaves as selectively neutral. 7. The distribution of the Wahlund variances obtained from two sets of gene frequency data as compared with that obtained in comparable conditions for surnames in the same areas seems to show that most genes behave as neutral, with the exception of a few, with high W values, which presumably have been under different selection pressures in the area examined.
Consanguinity↗
Class specific immunoglobulin response to individual polypeptides of Chlamydia trachomatis, elementary bodies, and reticulate bodies in patients with chlamydial infection.
Sera from 10 women with Chlamydia trachomatis culture positive cervicitis and sera from six men with C trachomatis positive non-gonococcal urethritis were studied for the presence of IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies to polypeptides of C trachomatis elementary bodies and reticulate bodies using immunoblotting techniques. All the sera with IgG, IgM, or IgA immunoglobulins specific to C trachomatis recognised the major outer membrane protein (MOMP) of elementary bodies. IgG antibodies also detected several other proteins, whereas IgM immunoglobulins recognised only MOMP and proteins of 60 kD, 62 kD, and 66 kD. The IgA reacted with MOMP and the 60 kD and 62 kD proteins in elementary bodies. Class specific antibody response against the proteins of reticulate bodies was similar to that observed for elementary body antigens--with one substantial difference: no reaction was observed in the 60 kD and 62 kD positions. This suggests that 60 kD and 62 kD proteins are deficient in reticulate bodies.
Antibodies, Bacterial↗
Tibial osteotomy in the treatment of genu recurvatum in the adult.
The authors analyse the results of 23 cases of high tibial osteotomy for genu recurvatum in adults performed at the Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute from 1968 to 1983. The osteotomy is at the supratuberosity level. After detaching the patella tendon an anterior bone wedge is inserted and the tendon reinserted at a higher level. This operation has produced better results than other surgical techniques. It is indicated in the osseous type of recurvatum or in the combined type in which the osseous component is predominant. In the combined type with a capsulo-ligamentous prevalence, the poor results obtained with osteotomy alone indicate the need for combining the operation with a plastic reconstruction of the posterior capsulo-ligamentous structures.
Adult↗
Genetic and population structure of four Sardinian villages.
Data on microgeographic population structure on four neighbouring villages of Sardinia island (Italy) are presented and discussed. Two villages are located in the lowlands where malaria from Plasmodium falciparum was endemic until the eradication of paludism. The other two villages are located in the highlands and they were malaria-free because of the altitude. Census data, inbreeding, migration matrices and surname distributions have been collected. The genetic differentiation of the four villages, tested for 31 genetic polymorphisms (106 alleles), is only in part compatible with migration rates inferred from demographic data. The possible adaptive nature of some genetic markers with respect to malarial resistance is discussed. Ambiguous results from population genetics quantitative methods do not support definite answers.
Blood Group Antigens↗
The importance of the angle of anteversion in the development of arthritis of the hip.
The angle of anteversion, assessed by the Dunlap technique, was determined in 30 patients suffering from primary osteoarthritis of the hip. This was compared with the same angle in 10 normal subjects. The patients with arthritis showed a statistically significant increase in the angle. This is considered by the authors to play a significant part in the pathogenesis of primary osteoarthritis of the hip.
Adult↗
Surnames in Sardinia. II. Computation of migration matrices from surname distributions in different periods.
A method is described for obtaining migration matrices from data on frequency distributions of transmissible traits in at least two different periods. In the present case, surname frequency distributions were used. In this way migration matrices describing rates of movement among nine areas of Sardinia were found for the period 1850-1970. Data were kinship matrices from surname distributions over two or three time periods. Population growth was included in the model under the assumption that expected family size in all areas was constant, or that outside estimates of the relative family sizes exist. Use of variable vs. constant growth rates did not drastically affect the estimated matrices. The matrices estimated for different time periods are similar. Estimates of net migration into the different areas were relatively insensitive to different methods of summarizing statistics. The elements of the matrices indicate strong effects on migration rates of distance between areas, and somewhat weaker effects of economic differences. The diagonal elements of the matrices show a high negative correlation with independent estimates of rates of immigration into the same areas.
Emigration and Immigration↗
An immunoperoxidase assay for the detection of specific IgA antibody in Epstein-Barr virus infections.
A technique using indirect immunoperoxidase antibody was developed for the detection of specific serum IgA antibody to Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen and early antigen. The IgA technique was compared with an immunofluorescence antibody method. Epstein-Barr virus IgA antibody against viral capsid antigen was detected in all nine patients with Epstein-Barr virus associated undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma, in 13 (72.2%) of 18 patients with infectious mononucleosis, in 21 (28.3%) of 74 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, and in six (20%) of 30 patients who had recently had kidney transplants. Epstein-Barr virus IgA antibody against viral capsid antigen was also detected in four (10%) of 40 healthy subjects, but it was not found in any of 20 cord blood samples. Epstein-Barr virus IgA antibody to early antigen was detected in six (66.6%) patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and in two (2.7%) patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The immunoperoxidase assay for Epstein-Barr virus specific IgA was simple, reliable, and rapid and correlated well (r = 0.94) with the immunofluorescence antibody technique.
Adult↗
Intramedullary compression osteosynthesis for fractures of the femur.
There are obvious advantages in intramedullary osteosynthesis by closed reduction as compared with open reduction and osteosynthesis using a plate and screws in non-articular fractures of the long bones. This has led to a modification of Küntscher's nail with a view to improving its effectiveness and enlarging the indications.
Bone Nails↗
Mineral alterations in senile osteoporosis.
This research investigates the occurrence of involutional processes of mineral transformation in elderly patients with clinical, radiographic and histological signs of senile osteoporosis. The decreased ability to withstand static and dynamic stresses proved to be associated either with the quantitative reduction in trabeculae or with the altered morphology of hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals. This variation produces a non-homogeneous mineral distribution which leads to a substantial alteration of the system of the stress lines producing mechanical bone behaviour. This altered distribution in mineral density has been attributed to the dynamic loss of balance between osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity; this is believed to be a peculiarity of senile osteoporosis.
Adult↗
Virological course of herpes zoster in otherwise normal hosts.
The virological course of herpes zoster infection in 42 otherwise normal hosts was studied by virus isolation and antibody titration. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was isolated from vesicle fluid from all three patients examined on the first day of the vesicular eruption and from five out of six examined on the second day. The isolation rate fell to one out of six patients on the seventh day of illness and VZV was not isolated from patients at a later stage of the illness. IgG antibodies were detected by IFAMA and ELISA, in sera from all the patients by the end of the first week of illness; IgG antibody titres were highest during the second and the third weeks. IgM antibodies to VZV were detected in sera from six of the 42 patients with herpes zoster after fractionation by ion-exchange chromatography.
Adult↗
Surnames in Sardinia. I. Fit of frequency distributions for neutral alleles and genetic population structure.
Distributions of surnames were examined using data from about 40 000 individuals from consanguineous marriages (1930-59) in the island of Sardinia. They fit the Karlin-McGregor (1967) distribution for neutral alleles. The logarithmic distribution by Fisher (1943) and the Karlin-McGregor (1967) distribution give practically indistinguishable fits to these data. The two parameters underlying the Fisher distribution, alpha and nu, are fully interdependent, given the sample size N. From the latter and from the number of surnames S, they can be easily and satisfactorily estimated. The quantity nu measures immigration to the area and can be taken as a measure of the richness of the gene pool, being closely related to the quantity theta = Nemu (Ne = effective population size, mu = mutation rate) after the necessary corrections have been taken care of. Surnames behave like genes transmitted by the male line. Differences of female and male migrations require correction for comparison with data from autosomal gene frequencies but there seem to be no important differences between female and male migration in this area, as judged by analysis of pedigrees of consanguineous marriages. It is probable that the migration estimates obtained in this material are lower than real ones, mostly because of a bias characteristic of the particular source of surnames here employed. The distribution of surnames from areas which have very recently undergone economic development is not at equilibrium and is not fitted as well as that of areas which have had less important recent changes. As might be expected, the disturbance is particularly marked in the class most sensitive to effects of recent increases in migration, that of rarest surnames (represented by only one individual). In fact in this material it is noticeable only in this class and correction can be made for it. At equilibrium of migration and drift, the number of surnames in a population sample of given size can give a complete description of the population structure for that sample, in the same sense that the number of alleles is a sufficient statistic for the study of neutral evolution. The study of surnames, given their nature of 'neutral' alleles, the large number of alleles and the ease with which large numbers of individual data can be collected, can be a valuable help in the study of genetic population structure.
Alleles↗
Rapid immunoperoxidase assay for detection of respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal secretions.
Samples of nasopharyngeal secretions obtained from 70 infants and young children with acute respiratory disease were examined for the presence of respiratory syncytial virus by immunoperoxidase assay (IPA). The IPA was compared with the immunofluorescence assay and with cell culture isolation. Respiratory syncytial virus antigen-positive cells were detected by both IPA and immunofluorescence assay in 28 specimens; 25 samples were positive in cell culture. The agreement between virus isolation and IPA and IFA was 89%. The applicability of IPA to rapid viral diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection is discussed.
Child↗