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Biomedical subjects

A Moreno

Publications and source records attributed to A Moreno.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Tubular apocrine adenoma. Description of 4 cases].

We present four new cases of tubular apocrine adenoma. Clinical histopathological and ultrastructural findings are discussed. The presence of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) has been studied in three cases of tubular apocrine adenoma. This antigen was found predominantly in the lumen of the ducts and in the apical portion of the luminal cells. This pattern is similar to the distribution described in normal sweat glands and in other adnexal tumors.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

Dural fistulae of the tentorium cerebelli. Radioanatomical, clinical and therapeutic considerations.

Among the 84 intracranial dural fistulae treated in the Neuroradiology department of the University Hospital Centre of Nancy between August 1983 and April 1990, 10 (11.9%) were located on the tentorium cerebelli. The patients were 7 men and 3 women aged from 41 to 61 years at the time of diagnosis. All tentorial dural fistulae showed an exclusively cortical drainage, and only one of them was associated with probable thrombosis of a major sinus. Nine patients presented with at least one episode of neurological deficit (including 2 with progressive ascending myelopathy) associated with a cerebro-meningeal haemorrhage in 6 cases. In all patients the initial treatment was an endovascular one, subsequently reinforced by surgery in 2 patients. In every case the clinical condition was improved or stabilized and no recurrent haemorrhage was observed, but radioanatomical cure was obtained in only 3 patients: 1 treated by the endovascular route and 2 by embolization combined with surgery. The anatomical, physiopathological and clinical aspects of these particular fistulae and the different possible therapeutic approaches are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Myxoglobulosis of the cecal appendix].

We report a case of mucinous cystadenoma of the appendix with myxoglobulosis associated to cecal adenocarcinoma. Appendiceal myxoglobulosis present typical gross and microscopical findings. The clinical diagnosis of myxoglobulosis should be followed by a careful evaluation of the patient in order to detect an appendicular neoplasm and/or an assoiciated occult intestinal carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Infective endocarditis caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci: a review of 19 cases].

The clinical, microbiological and echocardiographical features as well as the response to therapy of 19 cases of infective endocarditis (IE) caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) are reported. Six patients had native valve IE, 11 had prosthetic valve endocarditis and 2 were associated with catheters in right cardiac chambers. In the group of native valve IE, 11 patients were heroin abusers and 4 had previous valvular disease. IE was left sided in 3 cases, mixed in 2 and right sided in 1. All CNS were methicillin-sensitive. The echocardiogram detected vegetations in 5 of the 6 cases. One patient required surgery and another died. In the group of prosthetic valve IE, 5 patients had early endocarditis and 6 had late endocarditis. A bioprosthesis was involved in 5 cases, a mechanical prosthesis in another 5, and an annuloplasty annulus in one. The involved prosthesis was aortic in 5 cases and mitral in 6. The echocardiogram detected vegetations in 3 cases (27%) and prosthetic dysfunction in 4. One patient had a relapse, 8 (73%) required valve replacement and 3 died. Although the greatest incidence of IE caused by CNS is found among patients with prosthetic valves, it can also be seen in patients with underlying valvular heart disease, drug abusers and patients with indwelling catheters in right cardiac chambers.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Acute enteritis caused by Salmonella: effect of mecillinam and cotrimoxazole on the clinical course and fecal carrier state].

In a prospective randomized study we have evaluated the influence of co-trimoxazole and mecillinam on the clinical outcome and the fecal Salmonella sp carrier status in 134 adult patients with acute non-typhi Salmonella sp enteritis. The patients were distributed in three groups on the basis of predefined clinical and biological criteria, depending on their risk of bacteremia or severe complications of it, or on the enteroinvasive character of the causative organism. The inclusion in any group determined the treatment. Seventy-six patients received mecillinam (1.200 mg/day p.o.), 36 co-trimoxazole (1.600 mg/day p.o.), both during five days, and 22 only diet. The patients were investigated after 1, 3 and 6 weeks until stool culture was negative. The isolated Salmonella strains, either in stool or blood culture, had a sensitivity of 98.3% to mecillinam and 96.9% to cotrimoxazole. Resistance did not develop during therapy. All patients had a favorable outcome, including the six with bacteremia. No differences were found regarding clinical features (diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever) or the rate of positive stool cultures in the three therapeutic groups in any of the follow-up controls. It was concluded that the administration of mecillinam or co-trimoxazole to patients with Salmonella sp enteritis is not associated with a prolongation of the state of fecal carrier or with the development of resistant strains.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Role of extrahepatic alcohol dehydrogenase in rat ethanol metabolism.

Rat alcohol dehydrogenase exhibits three isoenzymes with very different capacities of ethanol oxidation and with characteristic distribution in tissues. ADH-1 (class II isoenzyme, Km = 5 M) is especially concentrated in the most external organs: auditive, bucal, and nasal mucoses, cornea, esophagus, stomach, rectum, penis, and vagina. ADH-2 (class III isoenzyme) is present in all organs but has a poor activity with ethanol. ADH-3 (class I isoenzyme, Km = 1.4 mM) is the main liver isoenzyme, also present in lung, intestine, kidney, and sexual organs. At 33 mM ethanol and pH 7.5, total hepatic activity (3.5 +/- 0.6 units) represents 90% of the whole activity in the male rat, while the remaining 10% is distributed in many organs. The skin is the extrahepatic organ with the highest total activity (88 +/- 15 mU) followed by testis and small intestine. ADH-3 accounts for 96% of total activity (90% hepatic and 6% extrahepatic) and ADH-1 contributes with 4% (extrahepatic). However, in conditions that may be found in the digestive tract mucose after ethanol ingestion (pH 7.5, 1 M ethanol), stomach and small intestine activities represent 10% of the liver activity at 33 mM ethanol. Therefore, oral administration of ethanol will result in a higher contribution of the extrahepatic activity than will intravenous or intraperitoneal administration, because of the great ADH-1 content of the digestive tract. On the other hand, pyrazole inhibition constants at pH 7.5 for ADH-1 (33 mM) and ADH-3 (4.2 microM) are much higher than those at pH 10.0 (0.56 mM and 0.4 microM) and indicate that at the usual concentration of inhibitor only ADH-3 activity will be effectively suppressed. ADH-1 will be, therefore, responsible in part for the residual ethanol oxidation activity in pyrazole-treated rats.

Alcohol Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1989

Treatment of chronic delta infection with recombinant human interferon alpha 2c at high doses.

Superinfection by hepatitis delta virus (HDV) in hepatitis B virus chronic carriers is normally associated with a progressive liver injury. For this reason, the aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of recombinant interferon alpha (rIFN-alpha) treatment of chronic delta hepatitis, by giving high doses of rIFN-alpha 2c during a prolonged period. A total of 20 HBsAg, anti-HD carriers with a chronic active hepatitis were randomly allocated in two groups: (I) n = 10, control and (II) n = 10, treated with 10 MU/m2 body surface of rIFN-alpha, twice weekly, intramuscularly (im) during 6 months. Basally, all patients presented HDAg in the liver and serum IgM anti-HD. Serum HDV-RNA was positive in 8 and 7 patients from groups I and II, respectively. The interferon therapy was well tolerated and all patients finished the treatment period. During the first 6 months, a decrease in ALT levels among treated patients (255 +/- 98 vs. 193 +/- 117) was observed. In addition, a transient drop in HDV-RNA levels was also observed. No changes in anti-HD titer, IgM anti-HD and HBsAg concentration were detected. At the end of the follow-up period (15 months) two treated patients had lost IgM anti-HD. In addition, another two patients were HDV-RNA negative. In conclusion, no permanent antiviral effects of rIFN-alpha 2c in chronic delta hepatitis, using this schedule, was achieved.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists attenuate estrogen/progesterone-induced hyperprolactinemia in monkeys.

Previous studies have documented that exogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates prolactin (PRL) secretion and augments thyrotropin-releasing hormone-induced PRL release. Further, the concomitant pulsatile release of PRL and luteinizing hormone (LH) suggests that GnRH may be an important regulator of PRL release in certain physiologic states. The authors explored this possibility by evaluating the effect of a GnRH antagonist ([Ac-pClPhe1, pClPhe2, DTrp3, DAla10]-GnRH; GnRH-antagonist) on PRL secretion in monkeys with induced hyperprolactinemia. Monkeys were given estradiol (E2) benzoate 25 mg/kg intramuscularly (IM) on cycle days 1 to 28, and a 3-cm progesterone (P) silastic capsule was placed on cycle day 15 and removed on day 28. On cycle days 15 to 28, monkeys were given IM injections of 1 mg/kg GnRH-antagonist (n = 3), 2 mg/kg GnRH-antagonist (n = 3), or vehicle (n = 3). Daily blood samples were assayed for E2, P, and PRL. The degree of PRL elevation was calculated as percent increase in area under the curve for days 15 to 28 when compared with days 1 through 14 (baseline). Luteinizing hormone levels were calculated similarly. Results indicate a dose-dependent effect of GnRH-antagonist on PRL secretion, with the larger dose producing a significantly lower hyperprolactinemic response, as well as a decline in LH. Thus, GnRH-antagonist attenuates induced hyperprolactinemia in a dose similar to that which suppresses LH release. These findings suggest that GnRH is a physiologic regulator of pituitary PRL secretion. In addition, GnRH analogs may be of benefit in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation by attenuating gonadotropin-induced hyperprolactinemia, thereby reducing potential adverse effects on fertility.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Verrucous carcinoma of the vulva. A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of five cases.

The clinicopathologic features of five cases of verrucous carcinoma of the vulva and their staining pattern with antikeratin monoclonal antibodies AE1 and AE3 were compared with those of conventional squamous cell carcinoma. Two patients had local recurrences but none died of the tumor. AE1 and AE3 antibodies stained the entire epithelial thickness in both verrucous and squamous cell carcinoma, but in the former the positivity was uniform and homogeneous everywhere, while in squamous cell carcinoma the positivity was extremely disorganized and patchy. The pattern of expression of monoclonal antibodies AE1 and AE3 confirms that verrucous carcinoma is an extremely well-differentiated squamous neoplasm in contrast to squamous cell carcinoma, which is heterogeneous from a viewpoint of differentiation.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Hepatic sinusoidal dilatation in rheumatoid arthritis.

In a review of 100 consecutive patients with adult rheumatoid arthritis (RA), clinical evidence of liver disease was absent, whereas minor abnormalities of liver biochemistry, mainly a raised alkaline phosphatase, were present in 32 cases. Liver biopsies were obtained in eight patients; the most striking finding was the presence of sinusoidal dilation in all samples, with a normal central vein and preservation of hepatic architecture. The mechanism of this nonspecific histological change is not known, though it could be speculated to be secondary to a humoral factor related to RA. We conclude that hepatic involvement in adult RA is common but trivial and that routine liver biopsy is not indicated.

Adult↗