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Biomedical subjects

A Morales

Publications and source records attributed to A Morales.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Estramustine phosphate versus stilbestrol as primary treatment for metastatic cancer of the prostate.

A controlled, randomized trial of estramustine phosphate versus stilbestrol has been conducted in patients with previously untreated adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Both drugs were equally effective in decreasing serum testosterone and acid phosphatase levels. No therapeutic advantage of estramustine over stilbestrol was noted. At 3 months, 50% of tumours treated with stilbestrol had regressed compared with 36% treated with estramustine, at 1 year the rates were 50% and 21% respectively and at 2 years 50% and 9%. However, there was no difference in objective stabilization and regression rates between the two groups or in therapeutic failure rates.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

Interstitial radiotherapy for localized carcinoma of the prostate.

Forty-two patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate have been treated with interstitial implantation of iodine 125 seeds after a thorough staging process. The procedure was well tolerated and carried acceptable morbidity and no mortality. Of major concern, however, was the failure of local control of the tumour in a high proportion (88%) of patients at 1 year. Combined interstitial and external beam radiotherapy may overcome this.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Canine bile acid enterohepatic circulation.

The enterohepatic circulation (EHC) of bile acids has been studied in fasting dogs with portacaval shunt maintained in the steady state. In such animals the rate of EHC is proportional to systemic blood bile acid concentration. Bile acid EHC was irregular (20 to 100% variation) when measured at 15 minute or hourly intervals. Studies showed that the variations persisted in cholecystectomized and sphincterectomized animals. The irregularities were enhanced by bethanechol chloride which increases intestinal peristalsis and suppressed by diphenoxylate HCl which slows peristalsis. The variations appear to arise from irregular patterns of intestinal peristalsis. This phenomenon may explain some variations in blood bile acid concentration observed in patients with liver disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Diagnostic significance of penile erections during sleep.

The evidence for the validity of nocturnal penile tumescence as a means of differentiating between psychogenic and organic impotence is reviewed. Five necessary stages in the validation process are described, and the relevance of the research literature to each stage is examined. Problems and issues in the clinical application of NPT recording are discussed, including (1) the need to validate NPT against independent diagnostic criteria; (2) the high probability of misdiagnosis when the absolute magnitude of NPT is used to determine cause; and (3) the need for follow-up studies to establish that NPT can be of value in the diagnoses of those patients who do not clearly belong to either the psychogenic or organic categories. We conclude that further validation studies are required before the clinical utility of NPT can be determined.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1982

Cytoreductive surgery and systemic bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy in metastatic renal cancer: a phase II trial.

A phase II trial has been conducted to determine the effect upon survival of cytoreductive surgery (nephrectomy) and adjuvant active immunotherapy (bacillus Calmette-Guerin) in patients with stage IV renal cancer. A total of 20 patients underwent removal of the primary tumor and received bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy (adjuvant group). The results were compared to those obtained in 20 historical controls treated with conventional methods (hormones, chemotherapy and radiotherapy with or without nephrectomy) and 16 concurrent controls. All patients in the historical control group were dead within 4 years after the diagnosis of metastases. Seven patients (35 per cent) in the adjuvant group were alive 2 to 5 years after documentation of metastatic disease and onset of therapy. The ratio of observed to expected deaths in the adjuvant group was 0.59 compared to 1.6 in the historical controls. This superior survival was statistically significant (p less than 0.01). A difference in survival between the adjuvant group and concurrent controls also was present but was not statistically significant (0.10 less than p less than 0.20). Other factors suspected to influence survival were investigated. We found that in addition to bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy a prolonged interval free of disease and better performance status had a better prognosis. Location of metastases, nephrectomy, age and sex are of no significant prognostic value. Definitive answers on the therapeutic value of bacillus Calmette-Guerin and the influence on survival of various biological factors can only be provided by large, controlled, randomized and stratified (phase III) trials.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Immunoprophylaxis of a murine bladder cancer with high dose BCG immunizations.

The immunoprophylactic effect of Mycobacterium bovis, strain Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) was studied in a syngeneic bladder tumor system. Injection of a high dose of viable BCG 10 days before tumor cell challenge induced a 46 per cent reduction in tumor take. On the other hand, no protection against tumor take was afforded by the simultaneous administration of BCG and tumor cells. Complete tumor regression, however, was observed in a number of animals of the 2 groups receiving BCG: 90 per cent in the group receiving the vaccine and the tumor simultaneously and 50 per cent in those being immunized 10 days before tumor challenge. These findings indicate that high dose, viable BCG immunization favorably alters the course of this experimental tumor.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

BCG induced murine peritoneal exudate cells: cytotoxic activity against a syngeneic bladder tumor cell line.

Peritoneal exudate cells from mice after intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg. of BCG demonstrated cytolytic activity in vitro against the syngeneic bladder tumor cell line MBT-2. The cytolytic effector cells are nonadherent, nonphagocytic and trypsin resistant. Moreover these cells are cyclophosphamide and hydrocortisone sensitive. It is suggested that an NK-like cell constitutes the major, if not all the population of effector cells in this reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Carcinoembryonic antigen in benign sweat gland tumors.

Carcinoembryonic antigen was demonstrated in sweat gland adenomas by immunostaining using standard immunoperoxidase techniques. Carcinoembryonic antigen could not be found in adnexal tumors derived from the pilar and sebaceous apparatus. The demonstration of this specific antigen in certain sweat gland tumors may be helpful in the recognition and classification of these kinds of lesions.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1982

[Real-time ultrasonography in neonatal diagnosis].

Real time ultrasonography is a diagnostic technique very widely used in pediatrics and with specific applications in neonatology. Bedside its use in Neonatal I.C.U. it has many interesting aspects for intraabdominal and intracranial pathology. In some particular conditions this procedure can be the first diagnostic tool. Conventional X-rays can be performed after sonographic data have been analyzed.

Abdomen↗