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Biomedical subjects

A Mark

Publications and source records attributed to A Mark.

52 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Metaphoric lyrics as a bridge to the adolescent's world.

This paper discusses the use of rock music lyrics to help hard-to-reach adolescents communicate feelings about their roles in society and their own development. The rationale underlying the method is that if adolescents can feel accepted and be engaged through means that are familiar and pleasureful, they can learn to trust and ventilate feelings. Through guided discussion about familiar lyrics and the issues they evoke, adolescents begin to offer their opinions, listen to others' ideas, and learn to disagree without being aggressive. They begin to discuss ways to gain control over their lives and learn the advantages of becoming disciplined participants in society. They begin to consider and learn alternatives for coping with daily pressures rather than falling victim to a rock idol's solution, which is frequently withdrawal from society or aggression toward it. They begin to communicate.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1986

Adolescents discuss themselves and drugs through music.

This paper discusses a technique which uses rock music lyrics to enable adolescents to gain an understanding of dependency upon mood-altering substances. While the pervasiveness of alcohol and other drugs in society is well-known, it is surprising and instructive for adolescents to explore the close inter-relationship between drugs, rock lyrics, and their own behavior. Drug-related songs were chosen, recorded and the lyrics were transcribed. A chart, illustrating the progression of addiction, was used to demonstrate how themes in drug-related songs parallel the stages of addiction. Adolescents hear, read, and discuss the lyrics in relationship to the stages, and in the process, increase their personal understanding of drug issues such as the search for relief, increased dependence, loss of control, and physical deterioration, all stages on the addiction chart. Through guided discussion of the lyrics and issues, adolescents begin to consider alternative ways of coping with daily pressures other than withdrawal from society or aggression toward it, two types of behavior seen with increasing frequency among today's youth.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Halving MR imaging time by conjugation: demonstration at 3.5 kG.

Conjugation can be used to synthesize half of the data acquired during a conventional two-dimensional Fourier transform imaging procedure, thus reducing imaging time by nearly half. The images acquired by this process have the same object contrast and spatial resolution as conventional images do, but with a 40% reduction in the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). Conjugation can be used to advantage in magnetic resonance imaging units in which S/N levels are higher than needed to permit imaging with a single acquisition of each projection.

Fourier Analysis↗
PubMed1986

Analgesic and gastrointestinal effects of nalbuphine--a comparison with pethidine.

A double-blind comparison of some analgesic and gastrointestinal effects of nalbuphine and pethidine was performed in 28 women undergoing laparoscopic sterilisation. The opioid was given as an initial loading dose prior to the induction of general anaesthesia and further doses were given on demand in the postoperative period to achieve and maintain adequate pain relief. Gastric emptying in the immediate postoperative period was also assessed in each patient by measuring the rate of absorption of orally administered paracetamol. Nalbuphine was equally effective as pethidine as a postoperative analgesic, but may have been a less effective supplement to anaesthesia in the doses used in this study. Gastric emptying was profoundly depressed in all patients irrespective of which analgesic was used.

Absorption↗
PubMed1982

CT evaluation of complications of abdominal aortic surgery.

The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of the CT findings in 29 consecutive patients being studied to detect complications of aortofemoral bypass surgery. Presenting symptoms included fever in 22 (76%), gastrointestinal bleeding in 2 (7%), a pulsating mass in 3 (10%), jaundice in 1 (3%), and back pain in 1 (3%). The complications observed most frequently were groin infection in 7 (24%), abdominal perigraft abscess in 11 (38%), pseudoaneurysm in 6 (21%), aortoenteric fistula in 3 (10%), and lymphocystic hematoma in 3 (10%). There were no false negatives, and the overall accuracy and sensitivity of CT in detecting complications was 100%. The authors recommend that CT be performed prior to angiography or surgery whenever an abscess, pseudoaneurysm, or aorto-enteric fistula is suspected.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Demarketing dysfunctional demand in the UK National Health Service.

This article considers demarketing as a strategy to manage dysfunctional demand in the UK NHS. Demarketing seeks to persuade customers not to use a service which is provided. It appears in all four modes in the NHS as general, selective, ostensible and unintentional demarketing with an emphasis on supply-side applications. It is proposed that, as a demand-side strategy, it would allow purchasers of health care on behalf of communities, to discern values, attitudes and beliefs which predicate current behaviour through the use of the Theory of Planned Behaviour; and, subsequently, to develop appropriate demarketing alternatives to change these behaviours where they are dysfunctional for both consumer and provider. This approach is proposed for the significant behavioural changes required to manage the increases in the use of emergency services: in particular, general practitioner night calls, which are already developing evidence-based demand management strategies. Such alternative strategies need to demonstrate their acceptability to consumers rather than just the professionals. Such demand management strategies would be made more acceptable as they are drawn from both consumer and normative attitudes, values and beliefs. In this way demarketing could demonstrably provide a framework for intervention, collaboration, decentralization, explicitness and an ethical foundation to the key problem of demand management in health care.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Demanding healthcare.

This paper describes and compares the development of strategies to manage demand in healthcare in the UK and the USA. It suggests that the development is revealing the need to include disciplines other than the traditional ones of economics and public health if its effects are to be understood. Using as an example the growth of telephone help lines and telephone triage, based on computer based decision support systems, it explores the idea of increasing choice and alleviating fear as a way of reducing demand. Organizational behaviour and consumer behaviour can provide wider understanding of these issues, particularly as they relate to the emotional aspects of this activity. Some convergence of the UK and USA approaches and outcomes are identified but demand is revealed as a relatively unexplored territory in the management of health care in both countries.

Decision Making, Organizational↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Capture EIA for determination of IgE to diphtheria and tetanus toxins in comparison to RIA.

A capture IgE assay in EIA with diphtheria toxin and tetanus toxoid as model systems was developed and evaluated in relation to RIA in a DT booster study. The EIA and the RIA gave very similar results, although the EIA determined IgE over a wider range of concentrations, without interference by other subclasses. The comparison to the capture EIA indicated that the RIA gave more reliable results when a toxin as antigen. Weak correlations between local side effects and IgE responses and differences between vaccine groups were noted by RIA but not by EIA, which correlated better with the clinical findings.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗