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Biomedical subjects

A Manoharan

Publications and source records attributed to A Manoharan.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Pure red cell hypoplasia secondary to isoniazid.

We describe a 77 year old man who developed pure red cell aplasia while receiving antituberculous therapy including isoniazid. Prompt recovery occurred following cessation of isoniazid. In this paper we also review previously described case reports of isoniazid-induced pure red cell aplasia.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Clinical sound speed measurement in liver and spleen in vivo.

The paper describes an implementation of clinical sound speed measurement using either a commercial water path scanner or a specially developed dual transducer real time scanner, each interfaced to a general purpose minicomputer for off-line analysis. It describes the examination technique to obtain suitable in vivo clinical data from the liver and the spleen. It develops signal processing methods to achieve clinical confidence in individual measurements. Forty-five liver patients and 46 spleen patients were examined. Sound speed was found to correlate closely with fibrosis content in both the liver and the spleen with an increase in fibrosis resulting in a decrease in sound speed. Sound speed in various pathological conditions are discussed. Clinical results of sequential examinations on patients under treatment are presented and successful monitoring of the disease status is demonstrated. The potential clinical role of sound speed measurement is suggested.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1987

Evaluation of ultrasonic attenuation in diffuse diseases of spleen and liver.

Ultrasonic attenuation has been measured using frequency domain signal processing in clinical trials of patients with liver and spleen diseases. By comparing the variance encountered in local measurements and in measurements at a number of adjoining sites, the need for averaging over large volumes of tissue to avoid the effects of large fluctuations is established. In spleens of patients with myelofibrosis, no correlation between fibrosis and attenuation was found. However it was found that variations in splenic volume were accompanied by inverse changes in attenuation, most likely due to blood pooling. A correlation was found between splenic blood flow per unit organ volume and attenuation. In cirrhotic livers, attenuation was significantly increased with fatty infiltration, but only slightly increased in livers containing minimal fat. These findings tend to reduce the probability of finding successful clinical applications for attenuation slope measurements.

Fatty Liver↗
PubMed1987

Oral idarubicin as single-agent treatment of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in poor-risk patients.

Oral idarubicin was given as single-agent treatment of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in 18 poor-risk patients. They comprised nine previously untreated elderly patients, age range 69-86, and nine relapsed pretreated patients, age range 41-76. Overall, two patients achieved complete remission (including one with preceding refractory anemia with excess of blasts) and seven achieved partial responses. Dose-limiting toxic effects were diarrhea and sepsis. In this limited study, oral idarubicin at a dose of 20-25 mg/m2/day X 3 was a well-tolerated drug with potent antileukemic effects. The oral formulation deserves more widespread evaluation.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Major venous thrombosis in patients with indwelling venous access catheters.

Two patients with Hickman catheters that were used for long-term venous access developed major venous thrombosis, one with superior vena caval and the other with subclavian vein thrombosis. This represented an incidence of 9% of all Hickman catheters that were inserted over two years in The St George Hospital. Staphylococcus epidermidis was cultured from blood that was sampled through the Hickman catheter in both patients; the organism was also cultured from the tip of the removed catheter in one patient. Transverse thoracic computerized tomographic scanning diagnosed the presence and the site of thrombosis as well as excluding the presence of a mediastinal tumour that was causing extrinsic compression. The catheter had to be removed in one patient; in the other patient, heparinization without removal resulted in the resolution of symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Slow infusion of vincristine in the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Ten patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) were treated with vincristine (VCR), given as a slow infusion over a 4-hr period, at weekly intervals for 4 weeks. The VCR therapy achieved a sustained recovery of platelet count in five patients with ITP of 2 weeks to 5 months duration; a transient recovery was observed in four patients with ITP of 6 months to 5 years duration. Therapy had no effect at all in one patient who had ITP of 10 years duration. Vincristine therapy appears to be therapeutically more beneficial when given as a slow infusion and can achieve sustained recovery of platelet count in patients with ITP of less than six months duration.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A phase I-II study of cytosine arabinoside, daunorubicin, and VP16-213 in adult patients with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia.

The combination cytosine arabinoside (ara-C), daunorubicin, and VP 16-213 was studied in 28 patients with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia to define the toxicity of the combination and assess its efficacy. Of 21 previously untreated patients, 16 (76%) achieved a complete response (CR) with the median remission duration not reached but exceeding 25 weeks. For CR patients, the median number of days with neutrophils less than 500/microliter was 19. The median survival for patients with CR is 60 weeks. Two of seven previously treated patients achieved CR for 11 weeks and in excess of 36 weeks, respectively. At the initial VP16-213 dose of 100 mg m-2 per day for seven days, severe stomatitis was seen in 38% of courses but was less with dose reduction to 75 mg m-2 per day for seven days. Other toxicity was similar to previous experience with ara-C and daunorubicin alone.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Primary extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

A total of 52 of 238 patients (22%) with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presented with disease in a primary extranodal site. The gastrointestinal tract was the commonest site involved (50%) and diffuse large cell was the commonest histological sub-type of the lymphoma (64%). Survivorship analysis of these patients, treated predominantly with chemotherapy, suggests that long-term survival is associated with: low-grade malignancy--median survival greater than 120 months; localized disease or spread of disease confined to the regional lymph nodes--median survival 65.5 months; and the use of aggressive combination chemotherapy for intermediate grade malignancy when the disease is localized or spread is confined to the regional lymph nodes--median survival greater than 110 months.

Adult↗