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Biomedical subjects

A M Teppo

Publications and source records attributed to A M Teppo.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Radioimmunoassay of tumor necrosis factor in serum.

We present a double-antibody radioimmunoassay for determination of the concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in serum. TNF in serum competes with a fixed amount of 125I-labeled TNF for the binding sites of specific rabbit antibodies. The bound TNF is precipitated with Sepharose-bound anti-rabbit IgG, then centrifuged, and the radioactivity of the pellets is counted. The detection limit of the assay is 7 ng/L (B0-3 SD). Bound radioactivity in the range of 10% to 90% of the B0 counts corresponds to TNF concentrations of 26 to 10,000 ng/L. Of 40 sera from healthy subjects, 21 (53%) contained TNF concentrations greater than 7 ng/L (range 8-40 ng/L). Some patients with parasitic or neoplastic disease and patients with septic shock had highly increased TNF values. Three of the 14 sera (21%) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis had TNF concentrations greater than 40 ng/L.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Enzyme immunoassay of complement-binding rheumatoid factors.

We describe an enzyme immunoassay for the determination of complement-binding rheumatoid factors. Polystyrene tubes are coated with heat aggregated human IgG. The rheumatoid factors (RFs) of patients heat inactivated sera are allowed to bind to aggregated IgG and thereafter saturated with fresh human complement. The amount of C3 complement bound is measured by indirect enzyme immunoassay. The levels of complement binding RFs were measured in 30 patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in 19 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and in 30 healthy control subjects. Compared to the controls high levels of complement-binding RFs were found both in RA and in SLE (P less than 0.0005). The mean level of the complement binding RFs was higher (P less than 0.05) in active than in inactive SLE. Even though the 19 S IgM RF bound complement, in RA no correlation was found between the level of complement binding RFs and Waaler-Rose titre, but the level of complement binding RF correlated with the levels of nonagglutinating IgM RF (r = 0.56, P less than 0.01) and IgG RF (r = 0.70, P less than 0.001) that were obtained by enzyme immunoassay.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Immunohistochemical demonstration of hyalinosis-associated 90 kD glycoprotein in amyloid deposits of lichen amyloidosus.

Immunohistochemical methods were used to study the nature of the amyloid deposits in lichen amyloidosus, in nodular amyloidosis, and in the cutaneous amyloid deposits found in Finnish-type systemic amyloidosis. In every case the anti-keratin serum stained the epidermis and sweat ducts but not the amyloid itself. None of the amyloids stained with anti-sera to prealbumin, to serum amyloid A protein, or to the free kappa or lambda light chains of immunoglobulins. In lichen amyloidosus but not in the other types of amyloidosis the amyloid substance stained intensely with the anti-serum to 90 kD glycoprotein. This glyco-protein, which is present in the basal cells of the hair follicles of normal skin, was first isolated from the extensive cutaneous deposits of a patient with a nonamyloid disease. The demonstration of this glycoprotein in lichen amyloidosus but not in nodular amyloidosis suggest a difference in pathogenesis between the two diseases. Tests for 90 kD glycoprotein may prove to be of value in the differential diagnosis of cutaneous amyloidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Autoantibodies to gliadin-binding 90 kDa glycoprotein in coeliac disease.

Patients with untreated coeliac disease were found to have high concentrations of circulating antibodies to 90 kDa glycoprotein, a mannose rich protein found in skin and intestinal mucosa. In contrast, patients with active Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis had antibody concentrations within the normal range. In coeliac disease the antibody concentrations fell significantly after gluten withdrawal. 90 kDa glycoprotein bound gliadin in a carbohydrate and calcium dependent manner. The results show that circulating antibodies directed against a gliadin-binding antigen are present in coeliac disease. 90 kDa glycoprotein may be a receptor for gliadin; in susceptible subjects ligand receptor interaction may result in cytotoxicity and antibody formation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Risk factors and markers associated with proliferative retinopathy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes.

To define risk factors and markers associated with proliferative retinopathy (PR), we compared 44 insulin-dependent diabetic patients with PR with 45 matched patients without advanced retinopathy (NR). Glycemic control assessed by HbA1 measurements from 5 yr preceding diagnosis of PR was significantly worse than in NR patients. The NR patients had more frequently been treated with multiple daily insulin injections than the PR patients. About half of the PR patients had Albustix-positive proteinuria, and these patients were further characterized by an abnormal lipid profile in plasma and increased frequency of cardiovascular disease. In contrast, PR patients without proteinuria did not differ from NR patients in these variables. Sensorimotor and autonomic neuropathy were twice as frequent in the PR than in the NR group. There was no correlation between anti-insulin antibody titer, immune complexes, and the presence of PR, but T-lymphocyte response to different stimuli was slightly reduced in the PR patients. The anti-insulin-antibody titer correlated with duration of diabetes in the NR but not the PR group. The frequency of HLA-DRw8 was slightly higher in the PR group than in the NR group (16 vs. 0%, NS), but we could not confirm the previously suggested association between HLA-DR4 and PR. Serum C4 levels were low in the diabetics but did not differ between PR patients without proteinuria and NR patients. In conclusion, poor glycemic control was clearly associated with PR in this study, and attempts to prevent this hazardous complication should include means to improve insulin therapy. We did not find support for the view that susceptibility to PR is associated with any known HLA antigen(s).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Atrophic gastritis in Sjögren's syndrome. Morphologic, biochemical, and immunologic findings.

Gastric studies were carried out in 16 patients with well-documented Sjögren's syndrome (SS), 43 matched rheumatic disease patients without SS, and 7 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis not associated with SS. Chronic atrophic gastritis was a much more common finding in the SS patients than in the rheumatic disease control patients. Significant hypopepsinogenemia was present in 11 of 16 SS patients. In 6 patients this was combined with hypergastrinemia, a combination highly specific for chronic atrophic gastritis. The lowest pepsinogen levels were seen in patients with primary SS associated with high levels of SS-B antibody. On a histologic and biochemical basis, it was not possible to distinguish the gastric findings in primary SS from those in secondary SS, nor to distinguish chronic atrophic gastritis associated with SS from that not associated with SS. We conclude that chronic atrophic gastritis is a prominent feature in SS and that the severity of the gastritis appears to correlate with some serologic parameters of SS.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

IgM class antibodies to intercellular substance in massive cutaneous hyalinosis: occurrence and relation to antigluten and antihyalin antibodies.

High levels of circulating IgM class antibodies to intercellular substance were found in massive cutaneous hyalinosis, a systemic kappa light chain disease characterized by hyalin deposits in skin and gut. A strong humoral immune response to the accumulating mannose-rich hyalin glycoprotein and to wheat gluten was also demonstrated. Both gluten and the hyalin protein, when added to serum, abolished the immunofluorescence staining of the intercellular cement, suggesting that there may exist common antigenic sites in the hyalin protein, gluten, and intercellular substance.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Primary amyloidosis with increased plasma carcinoembryonic antigen concentration. A case report.

A patient with suspected malignant disease had increased concentration of plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Amyloidosis was demonstrated at autopsy. The amyloid fibril composition was characterized by immunohistochemical and immunochemical techniques and proved to be of the lambda light chain (AL) type. CEA was demonstrated in the liver parenchyma by using antihuman CEA antiserum. Increased plasma CEA concentration in a patient with primary amyloidosis has, to our knowledge, not been reported before.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Immunological abnormalities in massive cutaneous hyalinosis.

Immunological studies in a patient with massive cutaneous hyalinosis, a disease characterized by principally dermal and subcutaneous accumulations of monoclonal kappa light chains and a gliadin-binding mannose-rich 90 kD glycoprotein, show that the ratio of helper to suppressor T cells is decreased and the proliferative responses of the peripheral mononuclear cells to T cell and T cell-dependent B cell mitogens are depressed. High levels of circulating immune complexes were demonstrated by C1q-binding and rheumatoid factor enzyme linked immunoassays. IgM and IgA class antibodies against the hyalin components, the mannosyl-90 kD glycoprotein and type I collagen, and against keratin and gluten were present in high titres. The reactivity of mononuclear cells to phytohemagglutinin normalized and the antibody levels to hyalin proteins, keratin and gluten fell during low-dose steroid therapy. However, the concanavalin A response was not reversed, neither did the levels of circulating immune complexes and anti-intercellular substance antibodies decrease. The results demonstrate a very complex dysfunction of the immune system in massive cutaneous hyalinosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Plasma total prekallikrein/kallikrein activity in rheumatoid arthritis with and without amyloidosis. Increased kaolin-stimulated activity in patients with amyloidosis.

Following exposure to kaolin, plasma samples were assayed for total prekallikrein/kallikrein activity in 19 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 39 patients with RA complicated by amyloidosis, 13 patients with nonamyloid nephropathy and 54 healthy subjects. Increased total kallikrein activity was found in RA patients with amyloidosis and in patients with nonamyloid nephropathy. The concentrations of the plasma kallikrein inhibitors C1-inactivator and alpha 2-macroglobulin were normal in RA patients without amyloidosis, whereas they were increased in patients with amyloidosis as well as in patients with nonamyloid nephropathy. The results suggest that the increased activity of plasma kaolin-stimulated kallikrein in RA patients with amyloidosis is due to the nephropathy per se and probably reflects increased levels of prekallikrein.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Urinary excretion of plasma proteins in diabetic subjects. Increased excretion of kappa light chains in diabetic patients with and without proliferative retinopathy.

The urinary excretion of beta2-microglobulin, albumin, kappa light chains, transferrin, and IgG as well as their concentration ratios were assessed in 27 nondiabetic patients with proteinuria and in 72 IDDM patients, 41 with proliferative retinopathy (PR) and 31 without retinopathy, matched for age, duration of diabetes, and treatment. The mean excretions of albumin, transferrin, and IgG were similar in patients with nondiabetic proteinuria and in IDDM patients with PR and were significantly higher than in IDDM patients without retinopathy. Despite similar albumin excretion, the amount of excreted kappa light chains was significantly higher in IDDM patients than in patients with nondiabetic proteinuria, resulting in an elevated kappa chain/albumin ratio. Furthermore, diabetic subjects without microalbuminuria showed increased kappa chain/albumin ratio, indicating that increased urinary excretion of kappa chains may be an early sign of diabetic nephropathy. Determination of kappa light chain excretion may have clinical implications in the differentiation between proteinuria of diabetic and nondiabetic origin. The ratio kappa chain/albumin was independent of the excretion of beta2-microglobulin in patients with PR, suggesting that the reduced ability to reabsorb immunoglobulin light chains may occur earlier than that of beta2-microglobulin in the development of tubular dysfunction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Human high-density lipoprotein associated amyloid A protein. Structural characteristics, relation to apo A-I and A-II concentrations, and plasma clearance kinetics in the rat.

Five amyloid related low-molecular-weight apoproteins were isolated and characterized from the plasma high-density lipoprotein fraction of a patient with glomerulonephritis caused by basement membrane antibodies. Amino acid and carbohydrate analyses of apoSAA subfractions showed that they were non-glycosylated polypeptides rich in aspartic acid, glycine, glutamic acid, glutamine, and arginine. The apo SAA subtype pattern was similar to that described in some other pathological conditions. Following injections of the isolated SAA-rich high density lipoprotein fraction into rat circulation, similar disappearance curves were obtained for apoSAA and apo A-I.

Amyloid↗
PubMed1985

Radioimmunoassay for urinary amyloid P component.

A sensitive double-antibody radioimmunoassay for the measurement of amyloid P component (AP) in urine is described. The method is linear with AP concentrations in the range 5 to 2500 micrograms/L, the lower limit of the assay being 5 micrograms/L. Intra-assay and interassay coefficients of variation ranged from 2.2% to 10.3% and from 3.0% to 9.8%, respectively. The mean urinary excretion of AP in 20 normal subjects was 37 micrograms/24 hr, range 5 to 102 micrograms/24 hr. Compared with normal subjects, patients with rheumatic disease had an increased urinary output of AP (mean 98 micrograms/24 hr, range 5 to 218 micrograms/24 hr; P less than 0.005). In patients with reactive (secondary) amyloidosis the diurnal excretion of AP was markedly increased (mean 615 micrograms/24 hr), but the urinary AP/albumin ratio did not significantly differ from that in patients with nonamyloid kidney disease who were matched with the amyloid group with respect to the degree of proteinuria and impairment of renal glomerular filtration rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Immunoglobulin allotypes and the immune response to wheat gliadin in a Finnish population with celiac disease.

Several immunoglobulin allotypes were determined for 42 Finnish children with celiac disease (CD) and for 42 normal controls. The CD patients had been previously HLA typed; all but 2 were positive for HLA B8, DR3 or both. The incidence of HLA B8, DR3 and DR7 was found to be significantly higher in patients than in a control group. No significant association was found between any of the immunoglobulin allotypes and CD either when patients were grouped as a whole or when grouped according to sex. In addition, no association was found between levels of antigliadin antibody and the G2m(23) allotypic marker. This latter finding is in sharp contrast with the report of a significant association in American Caucasians between G2m(23) and the level of antigliadin antibodies by Weiss et al. [J. clin. Invest. 72: 96-101, 1983].

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The hyalinosis-associated 90 kD glycoprotein of human skin has lectin-like characteristics.

90 kD glycoprotein is a sialylated, mannose-rich protein which accumulates predominantly in the skin in massive hyalinosis. This study demonstrates that purified 90 kD glycoprotein induces agglutination of A, B and O red cells which is inhibitable by alpha-D-glucose and alpha-D-fucose. The binding of various 125I-labelled proteins to 90 kD glycoprotein is both carbohydrate and calcium dependent. The results show that 90 kD glycoprotein is a lectin-like carbohydrate-binding haemagglutinin.

Glycoproteins↗
PubMed1984

Enzyme immunoassay of antibodies to epithelial glycoprotein: increased level of antibodies in coeliac disease.

From the papules of a patient with massive cutaneous hyalinosis, we earlier isolated a mannose-rich glycoprotein that, by immunohistochemical methods, was also shown to be present in epithelial cells of small intestine and normal skin. A solid-phase enzyme immunoassay of IgG and IgM antibodies to this epithelial glycoprotein is described, in which polystyrene tubes are coated with the purified antigen. The antibodies are allowed to bind, and are detected with alkaline phosphatase-conjugated anti-human IgG and IgM. IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies were determined in the sera of patients with pemphigus, pemphigoid, dermatitis herpetiformis, several autoimmune diseases, in a patient with massive cutaneous hyalinosis, in coeliac disease, and in control subjects. Very high values were found in the patient with massive cutaneous hyalinosis, and significantly elevated values in coeliac disease. In the other patient groups values were equal to or only slightly higher than in controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Demonstration of tissue 90 kD glycoprotein as antigen in circulating IgG immune complexes in dermatitis herpetiformis and coeliac disease.

Mannose-rich 90 kD glycoprotein, a constituent of skin and small-bowel mucosa, was identified as antigen in circulating IgG-type immune complexes in dermatitis herpetiformis and coeliac disease by means of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. High levels of 90 kD glycoprotein-IgG complexes were found in 7 out of 12 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis and in 10 out of 20 patients with coeliac disease but in only 2 out of 20 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. The highest levels of 90 kD antigen-IgG complexes were found in patients with dermatitis herpetiformis. The amount of these complexes did not correlate with the degree of jejunal villous atrophy. The 90 kD glycoprotein-containing immune complexes with targets in skin and gut may be involved in the pathogenesis of dermatitis herpetiformis and coeliac disease.

Adult↗