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Biomedical subjects

A Lechi

Publications and source records attributed to A Lechi.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[The not choreic neurological complications of rheumatic disease (author's transl)].

The authors discuss the importance of neurological complications of rheumatic disease, which differ from those of Sydenham's chorea: encephalitis; acute cerebral circulatory insufficiency of cardiovascular basis; thrombosis and cerebral haemorrhage; cerebral emboli; and vasculitis. The case of a 13 year old boy who presented with an acute cerebral episode during an active phase of rheumatic fever is described. The E.E.G. showed a right hemisphere disturbance with a slight involvement of the controlateral hemisphere. The cardiac evidence was indicative of a rheumatic carditis. The clinical progress and EEG were rapidly favourable. The possible pathogenetic hypotheses of this case are taken into consideration, and the authors suggest that one must suspect a rheumatic etiology when an acute cerebral syndrome is established in a child or a young adult with current or previous rheumatic fever.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Idiopathic orthostatic hypotension: Shy-Drager's syndrome (author's transl)].

The authors report a clinical case of idiopathic orthostatic hypotension with associated signs of focal cerebrovascular lesion. They discuss aetiopathologic hypotheses which have been proposed to interpret pathological situations of this type. It seems reasonable to attribute an autonomous disease classification to idiopathic orthostatic hypotension as a systemic degenerative disease concerning peripheral and central structures with vegetative functions. The Shy-Drager syndrome (idiopathic orthostatic hypotension associated with diverse signs of involvement of the central nervous system) must not, however, be considered as an independent form of disease. The associated signs are none other than the expression of commonly found cerebral ischemic lesions deriving from abrupt arterial hypotension, or from cerebral dysautoregulation; or the expression of the association of a systemic degenerative disease with another, a not infrequent occurrence well known in the pathology of the nervous system.

Cerebrovascular Disorders↗
PubMedDate not supplied

NCX4016 (NO-aspirin) inhibits thromboxane biosynthesis and tissue factor expression and activity in human monocytes.

BACKGROUND: NCX4016 (2 acetoxy-benzoate 2-(2-nitroxymethyl)-phenyl ester, NicOx S.A., France) is an antithrombotic agent chemically related to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). We hypothesised that NCX4016, being able to release nitric oxide (NO) and to inhibit cyclo-oxygenase, might inhibit the prothrombotic function in human monocytes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The effects of NCX4016 and ASA on the release of thromboxane (TX) B2 and tissue factor expression and activity were compared using adherent human monocytes. The tested drugs were added before stimulation with 10 Kg/ml LPS and incubation lasted 6 hours. TXB2 concentration was measured by RIA in the supernatant of cultured cells. Immunoreactive tissue factor (TF) concentration was determined by enzyme-linked immunoassay and TF activity was assayed by measuring the peptidyl activity of the tissue factor/ factor VII complex. RESULTS: Both ASA and NCX4016 10-300 Kmol/L dose-dependently reduced TXB2 release. NCX4016 activity was comparable to that of equimolar ASA. Part of the activity of NCX4016 up to 100 Kmol/L was prevented by 10 Kml/L ODQ, inhibitor of cGMP generation. Immunoreactive TF was dose-dependently inhibited by 300 Kmol/L NCX4016, but not by ASA. Also tissue TF activity was reduced by 300 Kmol/L NCX4016, but not by ASA. CONCLUSIONS: The present results indicate that NCX4016 not only has anti-platelet effects but also inhibits prothrombotic activities in human monocytes, partly via NO-dependent mechanisms. NCX4016 may prove effective in the clinical setting of athero-thrombosis.

Aspirin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transient traumatic reticular myoclonus. Case report.

Reticular myoclonus in man is a rare manifestation, generally due to uremia or post-hypoxic conditions. The case of a patient who showed transient myoclonus of sternocleidomastoid and facial muscles, immediately after direct cervical trauma, is described. Absence of paroxysmal EEG activity, topographic distribution of jerks and sequence of muscle activation suggest a reticular myoclonus. Possible physiopathological mechanisms are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evolution of carotid atheromatous lesions in endarterectomized patients.

A noninvasive follow-up using duplex ultrasonography was conducted in 128 patients who had undergone carotid endarterectomy from January 1987 to December 1988. Repeated scans of the operated area revealed a distinct increase in thickened ultrasonographic features (32% vs 8%), and a stenosing lesion was detected in 8 patients. There was also a parallel increase in the number of subjects with thicknesses of the intima adjacent to the endarterectomy area exceeding 2.5 mm. In 7% of cases, dilatation was detected in the operated area and in 27% the margin of the area was raised. The study also dealt with the contralateral carotid artery, where a progression of atheromatous involvement was observed with an increased number of cases of hemodynamically significant stenosis and 3 cases of occlusion. Periodic duplex ultrasonography in endarterectomized patients proves useful for the early detection of hemodynamically significant stenoses or of structural features potentially capable of generating emboli.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Palatal "myoclonus" and inferior olive hypertrophy with one-sided cerebellar lesion. Clinico-pathological report of one patient.

A case of palatal myoclonus and inferior olive hypertrophy is reported. Lesions located other than in the medulla were cerebellar infarction, lymphomatous infiltrates and, supratentorially, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. It is suggested that double innervation of the olives from either side dentate nucleus may be why in the case reported here and in several cases in the literature, one-sided supra-olivary lesions can produce bilateral hypertrophy. As with palatal "myoclonus" and olivary hypertrophy, it is proposed that if the characteristic rhythmical movements occur, lesions besides those along the dentate-olivary pathway and the olivary hypertrophy itself have to be present.

Cerebellum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Candida infections in humans (author's transl)].

A complete review of the candidiasis dealing with taxonomy and morphology of the fungus and with epidemiology, experimental pathogenicity, immunology, mode of transmission, pathologic features, clinical aspects, diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Antibodies, Fungal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of the EEG aspects of rheumatic chorea as related to the clinico-evolutive parameters of the disease].

E.E.G. features as presented by 20 patients of rheumatic chorea (15 females and 6 males, from 11 and up to 16 year old) are examined. Pathological patterns concerned 17 patients (85%); in three cases (15%) no characteristic E.E.G. enregistrations were found. Three types of pathological E.E.G. patterns are reckoned: A type (7 patients, i.e. 35%): increased amount of Posterior Slow Waves. B type (5 patients, i.e. 25%): conspicuous alterations of the alpha rhythm, and appearance of bursts of diffused, monomorphous, slow activities. C type (5 patients, i.e. 25%): inconstant outcoming by bursts, of 2--4 cycles sec. waves on posterior regions. No correlation can be established, on the ground both of E.E.G. features and clinical findings, neither between altered E.E.G. patterns and choreic movements severity, nor between localization of the former abnormalities over the scalp, and distribution of the latter. Yet, E.E.G. alterations, when present, are not to be ruled out, as they can be the demonstration of organical impairment and can give evidence about the course and recovering. To distinguish, in rheumatic chorea between clearly pathological, by the one hand, and "functional" by the other, E.E.G. features, is assumed as difficult, as subjects are in a range of ages in which cerebral biorhythms have not reached ultimate definition.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epilepsy in the third age: seizures presenting after the age of 60 years (author's transl)].

In a group of 400 epileptic inpatients of the Neurological Clinic of Parma, 82 were over 60 years of age. Only 59 of them presented fits for the first time after the 60th year of age and in 78% of these, a definite anatomical damage could be demonstrated (neuroradiological investigations). One half of the epileptic syndromes with known etiology were thought to be related to cerebrovascular disease, but only few cases followed a stroke with persistent neurological symptoms. Intracranial space-occupying lesions were found to be the cause of epilepsy in 17% of cases. Partial epileptic seizures, secondarily generalized seizures, clinical signs of neurological damage, slow focal changes in the E.E.G. were the main features of this group of patients. In 22% of cases, miscellaneous causes were found: head injuries, exogenous intoxications due to accidental or iatrogenic ingestion, or alcoholic abuse. Relatively frequent were the seizures appearing in the course of degenerative or slow viruses induced encephalopathies. In 22% no demonstrable cause was found. Adequate follow-up may help us to discover etiological factors which at present are not obvious, but some form of idiopathic epilepsy with onset in this age range cannot be definitively ruled out. Only in 15% of cases interictal E.E.G. changes consisted in specific generalized or focal paroxysmal discharges (spikes, polyspikes, polyspike-and-wave). In about half of the cases the interictal E.E.G. failed to provide valuable informations, but an ictal E.E.G. could be obtained in 13 cases out of 59.

Adolescent↗