John Thomas Quekett and the founding of the Quekett Microscopical Club.
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England↗
Biomedical subjects
A L Barron
Publications and source records attributed to A L Barron.
Cystitis associated with chlamydial infection of the genital tract in male guinea pigs.
Male guinea pigs were infected with the chlamydial agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (GPIC) by intraurethral injection of chlamydiae or by placement of a drop of chlamydial suspension on the meatus of the extruded penis. Transient urethritis and cystitis were observed in animals infected by either method. The production of cystitis by the drop-on technique indicated that chlamydiae are able to ascend the urethra and that the bladder may be a target organ of chlamydial infection. When infected animals were immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide, the number of guinea pigs with cystitis was increased, and chlamydiae could be detected in the bladder for as long as 50 days after infection. In contrast, GPIC was not detected in the bladders of untreated animals after day 18.
Animals↗
Effects of various doses of estradiol on chlamydial genital infection in ovariectomized guinea pigs.
The effect of various doses of estradiol on genital tract infection by the chlamydial agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (GPIC) was investigated in ovariectomized guinea pigs. Prolongation of infection, as determined by chlamydial inclusion counts of cells in Giemsa-stained smears of vaginal scrapings, was observed in animals receiving daily doses of 1.0, 10.0, 100.0, or 1000 micrograms of estradiol. In contrast to controls, ascending infection resulting in endometritis was found in animals receiving doses of greater than or equal to 1.0 microgram of estradiol per day. Response to estradiol treatment was reflected in an increase in cervical-uterine wet weight and uterine wall thickness. No differences were observed in time of appearance of antibody titers to GPIC in serum, but a delay in appearance of IgA antibody to GPIC in genital secretions was found in estradiol-treated animals receiving doses of greater than or equal to 1.0 microgram per day.
Animals↗
Absence of progesterone effects on chlamydial genital infection in female guinea pigs.
The effect of progesterone alone and in combination with estradiol was investigated in ovariectomized and gonadally intact female guinea pigs infected with the chlamydial agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (GPIC). The course of the infection, as determined by the percentage of cells with GPIC (chlamydia) inclusions in Giemsa-stained vaginal scrapings, was not affected in animals receiving 5.0 mg of progesterone daily. Progesterone had no influence on the enhancement of infection by estradiol. In comparison with sesame oil-treated controls, infection was prolonged by four to six days (P less than .05) in animals receiving a combination of 5.0 mg of progesterone plus 1.0 microgram of estradiol or 1.0 microgram of estradiol alone each day. In ovariectomized animals, estradiol delayed the appearance of IgA antibody in genital secretions, whereas progesterone alone had no effect. Guinea pigs treated with estradiol or progesterone plus estradiol manifested an acute endometritis not observed in animals treated with progesterone alone or in controls receiving sesame oil. Although cervical ectopy, analogous to that seen in women with high levels of progesterone, was identified by histopathology in animals treated with progesterone, no enhancement of the chlamydial infection was observed.
Animals↗
Chlamydial salpingitis in female guinea pigs receiving oral contraceptives.
Female guinea pigs were given daily doses of a combination of oral contraceptive (OC) agents, consisting of mestranol and norethynodrel suspended in sesame oil or distilled H2O, and were infected in the genital tract with the chlamydial agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (GPIC). Counts of chlamydial inclusions in cells of vaginal smears collected during infection, showed prolongation and enhancement of infection in OC-treated animals as compared with controls. Appearance of IgG and IgA antibodies to GPIC in genital secretions, as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), was also delayed in OC-treated animals as compared with controls. OC-treated infected animals were killed on days 15 and 43, and gross pathological evidence for ascending infection culminating in salpingitis was found in all of five and four of five animals, respectively. On the other hand, among untreated infected controls on each sacrifice day, only one of five animals had any evidence for ascending infection. Chlamydiae were detected by light and electron microscopy in fallopian tube tissue collected on day 15 following OC-treatment but not in tissue from control animals.
Animals↗
Response of guinea pigs to intravaginal inoculation with guinea pig cytomegalovirus.
Female guinea pigs were inoculated intravaginally with guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV) propagated either in guinea pig embryo fibroblast cultures (GPEF) or salivary glands. The incidence of infection was higher with GPEF virus. Rare instances of isolation of GPCMV from cervical swabs 9-48 hr after inoculation was attributed to survival of inoculum in the genital tract. Neither immunofluorescence microscopy nor histopathologic examination showed evidence for active infection of genital tract tissue examined up to day 5 after inoculation. At necropsy on days 30-49, GPCMV was isolated from salivary glands and occasionally from pancreas and lymph nodes. Seroconversion following intravaginal inoculation was demonstrated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test, and titers were comparable to those after intraperitoneal or subcutaneous inoculation. However, titers of neutralizing antibody, determined by plaque-reduction assay, were significantly lower in the group inoculated intravaginally. These findings are relevant to consideration of cytomegalovirus as a sexually transmitted agent in humans.
Administration, Intravaginal↗