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Biomedical subjects

A L Barron

Publications and source records attributed to A L Barron.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Enhancement by phytohaemagglutinin of inactivation of herpes simplex virus by concanavalin A.

Inactivation of herpes simplex virus (HSV) by concanavalin A (Con A) was enhanced by treatment with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-P using a two-stage reaction procedure. Treatment with PHA alone failed to inactivate HSV. Enhancement of inactivation was also effective when HSV was exposed to PHA first. Our results suggest that the envelope of HSV contains receptor sites for Con A which are important in the infectious process, as well as receptor sites for PHA which are not critical for infectivity. Direct interaction of Con A with PHA was demonstrated and the reaction was reversed by alpha-methyl-D-glucoside. The data indicate that PHA stabilized the binding of Con A to the virus since reversal of inactivation by alpha-methyl-D-glucoside was minimal following treatment with Con A and PHA. Con A inactivated only enveloped virions and enhancement by PHA was a general phenomenon.

Binding Sites, Antibody↗
PubMed1975

Antibody titers by mixed agglutination to varicella-zoster, herpes simplex and vaccinia viruses in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Antibody titers to varicella-zoster (V-Z), herpes simplex (HSV) and vaccinia viruses were determined in sera collected in Buffalo, NY, from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), patients with other diseases, and normal individuals. The mixed agglutination test employing cell cultures infected with one of the above viruses as a source of antigen was used to determine antibody titers. The geometric mean titer (GMT) for V-Z in 59 MS cases was significantly higher than that observed in patients with other diseases and in normal individuals. The GMT for vaccinia was also higher in MS patients but the difference was not as great as for V-Z. No difference was observed in the titer of antibodies for HSV. Similar results were obtained for 51 MS patients compared to healthy controls matched for sex and age. Higher antibody titers for V-Z and HSV were observed in cerebrospinal fluids from MS cases than in those from non-MS CNS patients in Baltimore, MD. Antibodies to V-Z, HSV and vaccinia were detected in washing fluids from brain homogenates of MS cases.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1974

Inactivation of herpes simplex virus by concanavalin A.

The infectivity of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) was inactivated after treatment with either concanavalin A (ConA) or periodate. Phytohemagglutinin, wheat germ agglutinin, pokeweed mitogen, and neuraminidase failed to inactivate the virus. The effect of ConA could be specifically inhibited or reversed by the addition of alpha-methyl-d-glucoside or alpha-methyl-d-mannoside. Evidence was obtained that HSV-1 inactivated by ConA could adsorb to host cells. Viral aggregation was not a major mechanism in the inactivation of HSV-1 by ConA. Under the experimental conditions employed, inactivation of HSV-1 was faster by ConA than by antiserum and less temperature dependent. A ConA-resistant fraction was detected which appeared to adsorb less quickly than untreated virus, and penetration of ConA-resistant fraction was strikingly slow. The presence of aggregates in the virus preparation did not appear to account for the ConA-resistant fraction. Inactivation of viral infectivity by ConA was obtained only with enveloped viruses, since HSV-1, HSV-2, pseudorabies, and vesicular stomatitis virus were inactivated and vaccinia and echovirus type 6 were not.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1973

Surface antigens produced by Herpesviruses Varicella-Zoster virus.

Surface antigen(s) was demonstrated by the mixed agglutination technique on cell cultures infected with varicella-zoster virus (V-Z). The reactions appeared to be specific for V-Z, and no cross-reaction was obtained with herpes simplex virus (HSV). V-Z surface antigen had similar physicochemical properties to that of HSV. It was stable to heating at 56 C and treatment with 1% Formalin, 2,4-dinitrophenol, and periodate, whereas it was undetectable after exposure to acetone or ethanol. Antibodies detecting surface antigen were present in high titer in sera from varicella or herpes zoster patients and paralleled titers obtained by the complement fixation test.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1973

Experimental genital infection of male guinea pigs with the agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis and transmission to females.

Male guinea pigs were inoculated intraurethrally with the agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (Gp-ic). Cytoplasmic inclusions were found in superficial epithelial cells of the urethra in smears and stained sections. Gp-ic antigen(s) was detected by immunofluorescent staining of sections. There was no marked urethral exudate, but many animals developed bullous lesions on the glans and the body of the penis and a severe inflammatory lesion of the hind leg. All males demonstrated an antibody response and most of them showed a positive skin test reaction. Venereal transmission to females of Gp-ic infection was shown to occur as determined by detection of inclusions in vaginal smears, antibody response, and positive skin tests.

Animals↗
PubMed1972

Detection of chlamydial antibodies in animal sera by double diffusion in gel.

Postinoculation sera collected from pigeons, turkeys, guinea pigs, sheep, a calf, a rabbit, and a horse experimentally infected with various strains of Chlamydia psittaci yielded a high incidence of positive reactions when tested by double diffusion in gel. Antigen was a deoxycholate extract of SA-2 strain of C. trachomatis. Good correlation was obtained with results of complement fixation tests, whereas double diffusion in gel was less sensitive. Immunoelectrophoresis of the antigen revealed presence of two antigens in the extract.

Animals↗
PubMed1972

Infection of genital tract and transmission of ocular infection to newborns by the agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis.

Female guinea pigs were inoculated intravaginally with the agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (Gp-ic). Evidence for infection was obtained by demonstration of Gp-ic inclusions in epithelial cells of genital tract smears, histopathology, recovery of Gp-ic during infection, and antibody response. Infection of the genital tract was produced with low doses (20-200 median egg lethal doses) of the agent. The infection lasted about 3 weeks, and there was no marked clinical response. Ocular infection that could be detected as early as 3 days after birth in offspring of infected mothers was also demonstrated.

Animals↗
PubMed1971

Response to experimental infection with mumps virus in rhesus monkeys.

Experiments were conducted in which rhesus monkeys were infected with mumps virus by inoculation into the parotid gland. Virus was isolated from buccal swab specimens from animals up to 6 days after inoculation. Immunofluorescence staining for mumps antigen was positive, and infectious virus was recovered from tissue biopsies of inoculated glands. Histological examination of biopsied glands revealed lymphocytic infiltration of the tissue. Virus was not isolated from urine, buffy coat, or biopsies of thyroid and spleen. In other experiments, animals were infected by inoculation into the thyroid gland. Virus was not isolated from buccal swabs, urine specimens, or thyroid tissues from these monkeys. All inoculated animals responded immunologically to mumps virus regardless of route of infection. Previously infected animals did not shed virus when challenged with mumps virus. A histological response to challenge in glandular tissue was observed which suggested a hypersensitivity to mumps antigen. The response was qualitatively identical to that in acutely infected tissue but more intense. None of the animals infected developed antibodies to thyroid tissue regardless of route of injection of virus or site of challenge of immune monkeys.

Journal Article↗