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Biomedical subjects

A Kraus

Publications and source records attributed to A Kraus.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Diabetes insipidus secondary to Wegener's granulomatosis: report and review of the literature.

We describe a 51-year-old woman with Wegener's granulomatosis who developed diabetes insipidus 7 months after the onset of her granulomatous disease and despite apparently good clinical response to prednisone and trimethoprim-sulphametoxazole treatment. A brain computerized tomographic scan taken soon after the onset of polyuria disclosed an enlarged pituitary gland that completely returned to its normal size after 5 months of cyclophosphamide therapy. We review 6 other published cases of diabetes insipidus secondary to Wegener's granulomatosis and discuss the potential pathogenetic mechanisms of this rare combination.

Diabetes Insipidus↗
PubMed1991

Air esophagogram and intestinal pseudoocclusion in a patient with scleroderma.

Air in the esophagus is unusual because it is collapsible. Its finding on a chest roentgenogram, particularly when not associated with a fluid level indicative of stricture, should strongly suggest systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). We describe a patient with scleroderma with intestinal pseudoocclusion and an air esophagogram. Study of chest roentgenograms of 83 patients with scleroderma, including those of 7 with pseudoocclusion, revealed no other instance of air esophagogram. This radiological sign, although rare, should suggest scleroderma and may be particularly useful in patients with "systemic sclerosis sine scleroderma."

Air↗
PubMed1991

Fever in adult onset Still's disease. Response to methotrexate.

Four patients who fulfilled criteria for adult onset Still's disease were treated sequentially with increasing doses of acetylsalicylic acid, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) and prednisone to control their fever and systemic manifestations. Persistence of the fever led us to treat them with small doses of methotrexate (MTX) with excellent response. Low dose MTX should be considered in patients unresponsive to antiinflammatory drugs before using high doses of prednisone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The concentration of ionized and total calcium in the blood of female dogs with uterine inertia].

Blood values of calcium, inorganic phosphate and magnesium were estimated in 26 bitches one day before parturition, on the day of parturition and daily for 6 days post partum. In 17 of these 26 animals the diagnosis was dystocia because of uterine inertia. A comparison of calcium levels between those bitches giving birth spontaneously and those requiring assistance gave no indication that blood calcium deficiency was the cause of uterine inertia.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Paragonimiasis: an infrequent but treatable cause of hemoptysis in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Hemoptysis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may occur in up to 17% of cases. The vast majority of the cases are secondary to bacterial, tuberculosis or opportunistic infections. Also uremia, pulmonary embolism and lung hemorrhage must be considered. The majority of the above referred entities are usually alarming events in any patient with SLE. In contrast, we describe a patient with inactive SLE, who developed hemoptysis secondary to Paragonimus sp., which was treated "easily" with praziquantel. Fluke infection must be considered in the differential diagnosis of hemoptysis in SLE.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Primary juvenile Sjögren's syndrome.

Primary Sjögren's syndrome has rarely been reported in children. We report 3 patients who developed lacrimal and salivary gland involvement at ages 3, 7 and 9, respectively. The one who began at age 3 is the youngest we could find reported. Sjögren's syndrome-type involvement was documented objectively at both sites and associated connective tissue diseases were ruled out in all 3 patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Epinephrine in spinal anesthesia].

Isobaric bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia has frequently proved advantageous because of its long and safe analgesia, good motor blockade and low incidence of side-effects. Significant prolongation of analgesia is possible with an epinephrine concentration of as low as 1:200,000 added to bupivacain 0.5%, while optimal prolongation can be achieved by a concentration of 1:100,000. The addition of 1:50,000 epinephrine, however, does not induce any further enhancement. These results are contrary to those of Chambers and Scott, whose short durations of action were possibly due to relative overdosage of epinephrine with a paradoxical reduction of action. The latency period until complete blockade is achieved can be reduced by high epinephrine concentrations (beginning with 1:50,000), a fact which is possibly due to a direct, receptor-induced mechanism of epinephrine. The motor blockade of ankle and toe joints beginning from a concentration of 1:100,000 epinephrine is also prolonged significantly. With all epinephrine concentrations, the overall duration of analgesia could be prolonged significantly, in contrast to the overall duration of motor blockade. Only with free bupivacaine solution did motor and sensory function return at more or less the same time. The period between the beginning and the end of regression for both sensation and motor function was influenced only by the highest epinephrine concentration (1:50,000).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Cutaneous diphtheria from Africa].

A 31-year-old woman returned to her native Germany, after a two-year stay in Tanzania, suffering from cutaneous diphtheria which had spread to nose and throat. One of her three children, a four-year-old boy, also had Corynebacterium diphtheria in his throat, without any symptoms. Both mother and child had been immunized against diphtheria.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte heterogeneity in neonates and adults.

We have used a mouse monoclonal antibody (31D8) to determine whether differences in neutrophil (PMN) subpopulations might help explain decreased PMN chemotaxis in neonates compared with that of adults. 31D8 has been shown to bind heterogeneously to adult PMNs. Approximately 80% of the PMNs that strongly bind 31D8 (31D8 "bright") are the same cells that depolarize and migrate chemotactically when stimulated with the chemoattractant N-formyl-methionylleucylphenylalanine, while the 20% that weakly bind 31D8 fail to similarly respond. All neonatal PMNs bound 31D8 heterogeneously. There was a smaller population of 31D8 "bright" cells in neonates at birth (76% +/- 6%, n = 45) compared with that of neonates at three to 15 days of age (82% +/- 5%, n = 10, P less than 0.002) and both were smaller than that of adults (88% +/- 4%, n = 45, P less than 0.001 and P less than 0.001). Neonatal cord PMNs, which traversed a micropore filter in a modified Boyden chemotaxis chamber in the presence of a chemoattractant, had an increased percentage of 31D8 "bright" cells (89% +/- 7%) than did PMNs which remained above the filter (82% +/- 7%, n = 10, P = 0.034). PMN chemotaxis was less in neonates at birth (32.7 +/- 4.5 micron) than at three to six days of age (36.8 +/- 11.3 micron) and both were decreased compared with that of adults (69.1 +/- 12.4 micron, P less than 0.001 and P less than 0.001). These findings indicate that decreased PMN chemotaxis in neonates may be due in part to a smaller PMN subpopulation of highly motile cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Objective measurement of lymphedema after mastectomy].

A new optic-electronic method for measuring arm volume was used on 275 women before and after mastectomy for carcinoma of the breast. Two weeks after modified radical mastectomy, an increase of over 150 ml in arm volume over the preoperative value was recorded in 12% of patients. Lymphoedema was demonstrated on average 19.3 months after the operation and telecobalt treatment in 42% of 200 women so treated; in 17% it was of moderately severe to severe degree (over 400 ml). In patients with severe lymphoedema a 15-day period of treatment reduced the oedema volume on average by 383 ml (62.1%). The described optic-electronic volumetric method makes it possible to obtain an objective comparison of swelling of the arm and thus early recognition and treatment of lymphoedema, as well as providing a means of assessing the effectiveness of any treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A multi-systemic disease (lupus-like) preceding bronchioloalveolar carcinoma.

A patient with a multi-systemic disease (lupus-like) that preceded the onset of a bronchioloalveolar carcinoma is described, and a brief review of the literature is presented. We suggest that this tumor be listed among the neoplasms responsible for multi-systemic diseases with lupus-like characteristics.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗