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Biomedical subjects

A Kondo

Publications and source records attributed to A Kondo.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Incontinence in female neurogenic bladders. Resolution by endoscopic bladder neck suspension.

Five incontinent females with neurogenic bladder diseases underwent endoscopic vesical neck suspension (Stamey procedure). Four patients have become dry on clean intermittent catheterisation and one has shown improvement. Bladder capacity was increased to a reasonable size in all patients. There has been no upper tract deterioration during the follow-up period of 3 to 25 months. We believe that the Stamey procedure is useful in alleviating urinary incontinence in neurogenic bladders provided that the bladder is drained regularly by intermittent catheterisation and that low detrusor compliance or detrusor hyper-reflexia is adequately managed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Correction of reflux with the ureteric crossover method. Clinical experience in 50 patients.

We describe 50 consecutive patients who underwent anti-reflux surgery with the ureteric crossover method; 32 had primary and 18 had secondary reflux. The surgical procedure was characterised by the fact that the ureters crossed and overlapped each other at their middle portion submucosally. The surgical success rate was 100% for primary reflux patients and 89% for those with secondary reflux. It was concluded that the ureteric crossover method was a safe and effective anti-reflux procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Effects of disopyramide on detrusor muscle contraction: in vitro experiment and report of 3 cases with disopyramide-induced urinary retention.

Three cases of disopyramide-induced urinary retention were reported and effects of disopyramide on agonist-induced contraction of detrusor muscle were studied in vitro. Muscle strips were obtained from rabbit bladder body and changes in isometric contraction of the strips were monitored. Acetylcholine, prostaglandin F2-alpha, potassium chloride, barium chloride, adenosine triphosphate and Ca2+ were used as agonists for detrusor muscle contraction. Disopyramide relaxed the contraction elicited by acetylcholine in normal Krebs solution, but exhibited no relaxing effect on contractions induced by prostaglandin F2-alpha, potassium chloride, barium chloride and adenosine triphosphate. In Ca2+-free Krebs solution, basal tension of the strips declined and spontaneous contractile activity was eliminated. Replenishment of 3 mM Ca2+ induced a slow contraction and redevelopment of spontaneous contraction of the strips. Pretreatment of the strips with disopyramide had no inhibitory effect on the Ca2+-induced contraction or on the spontaneous contractile activity in Ca2+-free solution. In normal Krebs solution, acetylcholine (10(-9)-10(-2)M) caused dose-dependent contractions of the detrusor muscle strips. Pretreatment of the strips with disopyramide (10(-5)-10(-3)M) dose-dependently inhibited the acetylcholine-induced contraction in a competitive way. The inhibitory effect of disopyramide on acetylcholine-induced contraction was less potent than that of atropine. We conclude that disopyramide may inhibit detrusor contractile activity mostly by its anticholinergic effect, resulting clinically in micturition disturbance.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical study of bunazosin hydrochloride, an alpha 1-adrenergic blocker, in benign prostatic obstruction and neurogenic bladder dysfunction].

A newly developed alpha 1-adrenergic blocker, bunazosin hydrochloride (Detantol, Eisai) was clinically investigated in 17 patients with benign prostatic obstruction and 18 patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. Subjective symptoms improved in 11 of the 17 cases (64.7%) with prostatic obstruction and in 4 of the 10 cases (40%) with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. Dose-dependent subjective improvement was observed with dosages of 3 to 9 mg/day. A dosage of 12 mg/day did not improve subjective symptoms more than did the 9 mg/day dose. In prostatic obstruction, 7 of the 10 objective parameters improved significantly. However, for neurogenic bladder dysfunction, only two parameters improved significantly. Improvements in objective findings were generally dose-dependent in cases of prostatic obstruction, but not in neurogenic bladder dysfunction. Mild side effects, none of them serious, were reported in 9 of the total 35 cases (26%). They generally consisted of dizziness, nasal obstruction and headache. Comprehensive improvement, i.e., improvement of both subjective symptoms and objective parameters, occurred in 11 of the 17 cases (64.7%) of prostatic obstruction and 6 of the 18 cases (33.3%) of neurogenic bladder dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Serum beta 2-microglobulin in spinal cord injury patients--its efficacy as a screening test of renal function].

We evaluated the reliability of serum beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG) in comparison with serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine clearance in 164 patients with spinal cord injury. The value of serum beta 2-MG demonstrated the highest correlation coefficient (r = -0.927) in relation to creatinine clearance. The beta 2-MG value reflected the severity of hydronephrosis on excretory urography, with very few false negative values. The value of beta 2-MG is concluded to be one of the best screening tests in evaluating renal function in spinal cord injury patients.

Female↗
PubMed1987

[Perivesical abscess associated with neurogenic bladders: report of two cases].

We report two cases of perivesical abscess associated with neurogenic bladders. One patient suffered from diabetic neurogenic bladder, and the other spinal cord injury. Both patients had an uninhibited contraction at the low capacity on cystometry. They complained of difficulty in micturition and presented with large lower abdominal tumors. Although the extravasation of contrast medium was not confirmed on cystography, we believe that the perivesical abscess was the consequence of urinary leakage out of the bladder. The abscesses disappeared after drainage. We have discussed the possible mechanism involved in the abscess formation which occurred in the neurogenic bladders.

Abscess↗
PubMed1987

[Measurement and clinical significance of the posterior cranial fossa volume of patients with hemifacial spasm].

The etiology of hemifacial spasm had long been obscure until 1962 when Gardner proved that this hyperdysfunction of the facial nerve was caused by mechanical compression of the facial nerve by vascular structures in the posterior cranial fossa. In 1977, Jannetta proposed a specific location at the root entry zone of the facial nerve; this area has consequently been considered to be especially vulnerable to minor trauma such as vascular compression. In patients with hemifacial spasm, the posterior cranial fossa cavity is commonly found to be small or shallow on plain craniogram; this anatomical change in the skull is regarded as pathognomonic for the facial nerve hyperdysfunction. To make a quantitative analysis of the posterior cranial fossa volume in these patients, the following method was used. In the preliminary study, a dry human skull with an artificial "tentorium" made of thick paper was prepared to decide the fundamental plane for volume measurement by CT scan. This plane included attachments of posterior clinoid ligaments, superior petrosal veins and lateral sinuses. When this fundamental plane was projected to the lateral view on CT scan, it appeared to be almost identical to the line connecting the tip of posterior clinoid process to the internal occipital protuberance (the fundamental line). A horizontal CT scan for an intracranial volume measurement was performed in a parallel fashion to this fundamental line, with a 5 mm slice for the infratentorial and a 10 mm slice for the supratentorial area. The intracranial area of each horizontal slice was calculated by computed planimeter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1987

[Inhibitory effect of a calcium entry blocker (verapamil) on detrusor muscle contractility: feasibility of clinical application].

Effects of a Ca2+ entry blocker (verapamil) on the contractility of the bladder detrusor muscle of rabbits were investigated in vitro and in vivo. In experiments using smooth muscle strips from the bladder detrusor, isometric tension changes of the strips following drug addition were recorded. The contractions of the strips induced by acetylcholine (10(-8)-10(-2)M), prostaglandin E2, F2-alpha (3 X 10(-8)-3 X 10(-5)M) or electric stimulation were significantly inhibited dose-dependently by pretreatment of the strips with verapamil (10(-7), 10(-6)M). In in vitro experiments using whole bladder preparations, the spontaneous contractile activity and the contraction induced by acetylcholine (10(-6)M) were monitored. Both activities were inhibited in a time-dependent manner after the intravesical instillation of 7.5 mg verapamil. The amplitude of the spontaneous contraction and responses to acetylcholine, 90 minutes after the instillation, were reduced to 10% and 38% of the control levels (before the instillation), respectively. The detrusor contractility was still inhibited 2 hours after the removal of verapamil from the bladder. During in vivo experiments, changes in intravesical pressure and systemic arterial pressure were monitored. Sixty minutes after the intravesical instillation of 10 mg verapamil, the rise of the intravesical pressure following the pelvic nerve stimulation was inhibited to 18% of the control level, whereas the systemic arterial pressure was not affected. Verapamil is suggested to have potent inhibitory effects on the detrusor muscle contraction, and the intravesical instillation of verapamil to inhibit detrusor contractility without affecting the cardiovascular status.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Structure and function of the F plasmid genes essential for partitioning.

The F plasmid in Escherichia coli has its own partition mechanism controlled by the sopA and sopB genes, and by the cis-acting sopC region. The DNA sequence of the entire partition region and its flanking regions is described here. Two large open reading frames coding for 43,700 Mr and 35,400 Mr proteins correspond to sopA and sopB, respectively. The sopB reading frame is located immediately downstream from the sopA reading frame. Twelve 43 base-pair direct repeats exist in the sopC region without any spacer regions, and one pair of seven base-pair inverted repeats exists in each of the direct repeats. Analysis of deletions in the sopC region showed that the direct repeats play an important role in plasmid partition and IncD incompatibility. IncG incompatibility is exhibited by pBR322 derivatives carrying the sopB gene alone. When compared with the partition genes parA and parB of plasmid P1, homology in amino acid sequence was found between the SopA protein of F and the ParA protein of P1, and also between SopB protein of F and ParB protein of P1. In addition, homology was found between Rep proteins of F and P1.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Proliferating potential of folliculo-stellate cells in human pituitary adenomas. Immunohistochemical and electron microscopic analysis.

Folliculo-stellate cells (FS cells) in 40 pituitary adenomas and portions of anterior pituitary adjacent to the tumor in 26 cases were investigated immunohistochemically, using polyclonal antisera to S-100 protein (S-100) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The objective was to clarify the histological behavior of the FS cells. In most pituitary adenomas there were few or no S-100- or GFAP-positive cells, in comparison with numerous positive cells in the parts of the adenohypophyses compressed by adenomas. However, positive FS cells were observed in some types of pituitary adenomas. Growth hormone and prolactin producing adenomas frequently contained significant amounts of FS cells. In non-functioning adenomas, an unique case of FS cell adenoma was present. The adenoma was composed mainly of FS cells and immature glandular cells. The FS cells were sometimes located around follicles containing Periodic acid Schiff-positive material. Therefore, the FS cell adenoma is characterized by S-100- and GFAP-positive FS cells and PAS-positive follicles. In this type of adenoma, FS cells seemed to be the main proliferating component. In parts of the adenohypophyses adjacent to the adenomas, GFAP-positive FS cells were numerous. In the pathological conditions FS cells may possess the potential of reactive proliferation.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Bladder dysfunction secondary to tethered cord syndrome in adults: is it curable?

The urological aspects of the tethered cord syndrome were investigated in 15 adults. Impaired detrusor contractility was the most common among the urological symptoms and signs (73 per cent of the patients). Bladder dysfunction was confirmed urodynamically in 93 per cent of the patients and detrusor areflexia was predominant in 60 per cent. Pathological grades were proposed to classify the severity of the tethered cord syndrome. While restoration of bladder function was satisfactory in 67 per cent of the patients postoperatively, the over-all result was less (60 per cent). Patients with sensory motor paralysis of the bladder, symptoms more than 3 years in duration, cutaneous stigmas or a high pathological grade of the syndrome will not benefit from an operation. We conclude that neurogenic bladder secondary to the tethered cord syndrome is curable provided that the underlying pathological condition is recognized properly and an operation is performed early.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

A paraplegic fathering a child after an intrathecal injection of neostigmine: case report.

This paper reports a 33-year-old male paraplegic (T6) who fathered a child by artificial insemination following an intrathecal injection of neostigmine. His wife was healthy and pregnancy was achieved after the 10th insemination. She delivered a mature female child weighing 3,100 g in August 1984. To our knowledge this is only the fourth successful case in the world following neostigmine injection.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Accumulation of neurofilaments in a sporadic case of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

We report a case of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) characterized by a marked accumulation of neurofilaments in the cytoplasm of neurons. The neurofilament was identified by immunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies. The distribution of the accumulation in this case was unique, not only in the motoneurons of the anterior horn but also in the neurons of the other areas of the spinal gray matter, some nuclei in the brain stem, pontine reticular formation, substantia nigra, dentate nucleus in the cerebellum and pyramidal cells in the motor cortex. These observations shed light on the pathogenesis of ALS.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis↗
PubMed1986

Labial adhesions in a diabetic woman.

This paper reports a 72-year-old woman with labial adhesions, who complained of difficulty in urination and terminal dribbling. The adhesions were surgically dissected with success. Diabetes mellitus in addition to poor perineal hygiene seem to have made her susceptible to the recurrent vulvitis which led to labial adhesions. This case implies the significance of detecting diabetes mellitus as a contributory factor for labial adhesions.

Aged↗