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Biomedical subjects

A Komatani

Publications and source records attributed to A Komatani.

71 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Calculation of right and left ventricular ejection fraction in infants and children by first pass radionuclide angiocardiography using self-synchronization method.

First pass radionuclide angiocardiography was utilized to calculate right and left ventricular ejection fraction in 74 infants and children. For the synchronization of radionuclide imaging with the cardiac cycle, the peaks and valleys of corrected ventricular time activity curve were adopted as the time reference points instead of R wave of electrocardiogram. Left ventricular ejection fractions obtained by the radionuclide technique correlated well with those derived from the contrast angiographic technique (r = 0.90), but right ventricular ejection fractions correlated less well (r = 0.74). This noninvasive technique appeared useful for evaluation of right and left ventricular ejection fraction.

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation of regional cerebral blood flow with performance on neuropsychological tests in schizophrenic patients.

Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was determined by the 133Xe inhalation technique (Headtome II: ring detection SPECT) in 53 DSM-III schizophrenic patients. The rCBF values were corrected by using end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration values (PECO2). After rCBF measurement, neuropsychological tests--Word Fluency Test, Maze Test and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test--were performed. There were significant correlations between frontal rCBF and scores on each neuropsychological test. In particular, a moderate correlations between the frontal rCBF and the performance on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test was noted. It seems likely that decrease of rCBF in prefrontal regions at rest reflects a disturbance of frontal lobe function in schizophrenic patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Frontality, laterality, and cortical-subcortical gradient of cerebral blood flow in schizophrenia: relationship to symptoms and neuropsychological functions.

According to the three hypotheses on the regional brain dysfunction in schizophrenia that have received some support in studies of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate, we calculated eight CBF measurement indices in 59 schizophrenic patients; frontality, laterality, cortical to subcortical gradients and superior to inferior difference. Four factors were selected from these eight indices, treated by principal component factor analysis (factor 1: cortical to subcortical gradient; factor 2: inferior frontality; factor 3: superior frontality; factor 4: laterality). We investigated their correlations with clinical and demographic characteristics. Factor 1 correlated with duration of illness. Factor 2 related most highly to numbers of perseverative errors on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and moderately to anhedonia. Factor 4 related to attentional impairment score of the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms. The schizophrenia specific symptom score calculated from the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale did not relate to any of these factors. It seemed that there were various dimensions of neural deficits in schizophrenia, corresponding to various aspects of symptomatology or neuropsychological functions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fundamental dose distribution for interstitial irradiation with Au grains.

A principle of radiation therapy is to determine a proper dose distribution for tumor localization. In this paper we present several models of arranging Au grains for interstitial irradiation and discuss characteristics of their dose distributions. Au grains were arranged in a lattice of three by three for evaluation of isodose curves on a source plane and several planes parallel to it. Intersource distances were varied to determine adequate distances for ideal dose distributions for tumor control. Through this study, we concluded that the most favorable intersource distance for effective dose distribution was 1.0-1.25 cm. We also found that interstitial irradiation with Au grains was hard to apply to deeply spreading tumors.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Modification of measurement of effective renal plasma flow from blood pool clearance curve of I-123-orthoiodohippurate using single blood sampling.

The methods of measuring effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) based on the two-compartment analysis of plasma clearance of I-123-orthoiodohippurate (OIH) disregard the distribution of I-123-OIH to erythrocytes, resulting in over-estimation of ERPF. In this study, a new simple modification was established to obtain accurate ERPF. Intercompartmental clearance rates among plasma, erythrocytes, and extracellular fluid were determined through in vitro and in vivo experiments to enable the three-compartment analysis of plasma clearance curves of I-123-OIH using multiple blood samplings in comparison with the two-compartment analysis. Multiplying renal blood flow derived from two-compartment analysis of the whole blood clearance curve by (1-hematocrit/100) was a new modification for measuring ERPF to reduce the complexity of three-compartment analysis and to supplement the distribution of I-123-OIH to erythrocytes. Comparing ERPF derived from the modified two-compartment analysis with that from three-compartment analysis demonstrated good agreement (r = 0.883, p = 0.001) between the two methods. ERPF derived by this new method was also compared with the clearance of paraaminohippurate (PAH), resulting in a regression line which was much closer to unity and a better correlation between them (r = 0.926) than that between PAH clearance and ERPF (r = 0.909) derived from conventional two-compartment analysis.

Erythrocytes↗