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Biomedical subjects

A Koide

Publications and source records attributed to A Koide.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Identification of a second oligopeptide transport system in Bacillus subtilis and determination of its role in sporulation.

Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis depends on an intact oligopeptide transport system, the Opp system. Mutants in opp sporulate poorly but second-site revertants can be found that restore sporulation and peptide transport. These second-site mutations were found in a second oligopeptide transport system, app, in which the peptide-binding protein, AppA, is mutant owing to a frame-shift mutation, and the revertants restore the original frame. The AppA mutation is present in the 168 strain of B. subtilis. The app operon consists of five genes in the order appD-appF-appA-appB-appC, with the locus designations corresponding to their homologue in the opp operon. Homology between the app and opp proteins ranges from 54% identity for AppF and OppF, to 22% identity for AppA and OppA. Both the App and Opp permease systems can transport tetra- and pentapeptides, but tripeptides are not transported by the App system. Strains of the genotype app+ opp- are resistant to the tripeptide antibiotic bialaphos. The repaired App system can substitute completely for the Opp system in both sporulation and competence for genetic transformation. The phenotypes raised some speculation about the subunit configuration of the Opp system.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Bacillus subtilis transcription regulator, Spo0A, decreases alkaline phosphatase levels induced by phosphate starvation.

Alkaline phosphatase (APase) is induced as a culture enters stationary phase because of limiting phosphate. The results presented here show that expression of APase is regulated both negatively and positively. PhoP, a homolog of a family of bacterial transcription factors, and PhoR, a homolog of bacterial histidine protein kinases, are required for induction of APases when phosphate becomes limiting. The induction period lasts 2 to 3 h, after which the rate of APase accumulation is decreased. Mutant strains defective in the Spo0A transcription factor failed to decrease APase production. The consequent hyperinduction of APase in a spo0A strain was dependent on phoP and phoR. spo0B and spo0F strains also overexpressed APase, suggesting that phosphorylated Spo0A is required for repression of APase. An abrB mutant allele in the presence of the mutant spo0A allele in these strains did not significantly change the APase hyperinduction phenotype, demonstrating that Spo0A repression of abrB expression is not the mechanism by which Spo0A-P regulates APase expression. Our previous report that spo0A mutants do not express APases is in conflict with the present data. We show here that the previously used mutants and a number of commonly used spo0 strains, all of which have an APase deficiency phenotype, contain a previously unrecognized mutation in phoR.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1991

Harmful effects of inotropic agents on myocardial protection.

Using an isolated working rat heart model, the pretreatment effects of positive inotropic agents on ischemia-reperfusion injury were investigated. The experiment consisted of (1) working control perfusion; (2) working perfusion with isoproterenol (I), milrinone (M), a combination of these drugs (I + M) and dibutyl-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (DB) followed by ischemic arrest for 33 minutes at 37 degrees C or 150 minutes at 20 degrees C and Langendorff reperfusion; and (3) working perfusion. Under conditions of normothermic ischemia, percent recoveries of postischemic cardiac output (mean +/- standard error of the mean) in the I, M, I + M, and DB groups were 37.8% +/- 12.7%, 61.3% +/- 3.1%, 0%, and 53.1% +/- 5.2%, respectively. Under conditions of hypothermic ischemia, the percent recoveries in I + M and DB groups were 10.9% +/- 7.9% and 29.8% +/- 9.5%; they were all significantly lower than that in the control group. The addition of diltiazem or ryanodine at several concentrations and lowering of the Ca2+ concentration in the St. Thomas' cardioplegic solution did not prevent I + M-induced injury. Our data suggest that pretreatment by I + M aggravated ischemia-reperfusion injury, and adjustments in Ca2+ concentration were not sufficient to prevent that injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The roles of anesthetics and daily used drugs in cardiovascular changes during normovolemic hemodilution (NVHD)].

The changes of cardiovascular parameters and serum cathecholamine levels associated with normovolemic hemodilution (NVHD) were studied under three different conditions: Group 1; the patients for cardiac surgery who were taking cardiac drugs, and were anesthetized with fentanyl 30 micrograms.kg-1, Group 2; the patients with no-cardiac disease and taking no drugs, who were anesthetized with fentanyl 30 micrograms.kg-1 and Group 3; the patients with no-cardiac disease and taking no drugs, who were anesthetized with 0.75% halothane. Cardiac function was compared among three groups. After NVHD, blood pressure and heart rate of group 3 were significantly higher than those of group 1 and 2. Moreover, serum epinephrine and norepinephrine were elevated significantly after NVHD in only group 3. From this study, we conclude that, (1) daily used drugs do not predict hypotension during NVHD, and (2) high dose fentanyl anesthesia is associated with hypotension during NVHD.

Cardiovascular Agents↗
PubMed1990

Antibody to p40tax protein of human T cell leukemia virus 1 and infectivity.

To investigate the physiologic significance of antibody to human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) tax gene product (p40tax), 147 male and 243 female HTLV-1 carriers were examined for anti-p40tax, and 104 carriers were checked for anti-p40tax an average of 5.4 times during an 8-year period. Prevalence of anti-p40tax was significantly higher in female (62.6%) than in male subjects (51.0%; P less than .05). Anti-p40tax status did not change in most during the observation period. There were significantly more HTLV-1 carriers among children of anti-p40tax-positive mothers (45.3%) than among those from anti-p40tax-negative mothers (20.0%; P less than .01). However, no significant difference was observed between wives of p40tax-positive and -negative men. The p40tax antibody may be a marker of relative infectivity of HTLV-1, albeit an imperfect one.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[A case of synchronous multiple primary cancers of the stomach and kidney].

In line with an increase in the incidence of multiple primary cancers, we have encountered a case of synchronous multiple primary cancers of the stomach and the left kidney. The patient, a 69-year-old male, visited our hospital after experiencing epigastric discomfort for three months. An advanced gastric cancer, Borrmann III type, was detected by endoscopic examination. Preoperative abdominal computed tomography also revealed a large low density mass occupying the upper part of the left kidney. On angiography, the left kidney showed a hypervascular mass, showing pooling and tumoral stains, thereby suggesting a renal cell carcinoma. The patient thus underwent a subtotal gastrectomy with an R2 lymph node dissection and a left radical nephrectomy. Histologically, the gastric lesion was a poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma and the left renal lesion was a renal cell carcinoma of the clear cell type.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

High risk of mother-to-child transmission of HTLV-I in p40tax antibody-positive mothers.

A new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting the antibody to a human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) tax gene product, p40tax, has been developed. By this ELISA method, we have investigated the relationship between the presence of p40tax antibody in HTLV-I-infected mothers and the virus transmission rate from mothers to their children. The rate of mother-to-child transmission of HTLV-I was higher in p40tax antibody-positive mothers than in antibody-negative ones. Thus, the presence of p40tax antibody may indicate an increased risk of vertical transmission of HTLV-I.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Vascular ring associated with severe ventricular septal defect--report of a case with simultaneously surgical treatment].

An 1 year and 4 months ill infant with vascular ring and VSD is presented. She had serious pulmonary hypertension and dysphagia because of vascular ring consisting of right aortic arch with left ligamentum arteriosum. Division of the ligamentum arteriosum and simultaneous patch closure of large VSD were performed successfully. Postoperative course was uneventful and she recovered from her body weight favorably.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1988

Decrease of serum buffering capacity associated with malignant neoplasms.

We have developed a new tumor marker based on the finding that cancerous sera suppress glucose utilization by cultured macrophages. Phosphofructokinase (PFK) was identified as susceptible enzyme [Naknamura et al.: JNCI 1986; 77 (in press)]. We found a high correlation between PFK inhibition and the lower buffering capacity of cancerous sera against an ATP aqueous solution and diluted acidic solutions. Sera from healthy donors changed to the PFK-suppressive type when exposed to lactate, even when followed by elimination of lactate. Lactate in cancerous sera was 1.6 times more than in normal sera. Sera from patients who tend to show acidosis, such as those with diabetes mellitus or chronic renal failure and pregnant women, also showed a lower buffering capacity as well as a higher inhibition of PFK. Although the pH method is simpler, we recommend the application of the PFK inhibition test, because this enzyme inhibition is not simply composed of a lower buffering capacity of cancerous sera, but partially of an inactivation of the enzyme through oxidation.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1987

Decreased VLDL apoprotein CII/apoprotein CIII ratio may be seen in both normotriglyceridemic and hypertriglyceridemic patients on chronic hemodialysis treatment.

Pathogenetic factors that may be related to uremic hypertriglyceridemia were studied in 27 patients who had been undergoing chronic hemodialysis treatment for over two years. They were divided into two groups consisting of 14 hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) patients with fasting serum triglycerides (TG) of 170 mg/dL or higher, aged 45 +/- 11 yr (mean +/- SD) and 13 normotriglyceridemics (NTG) with serum TG less than 170 mg/dL aged 42 +/- 9 yr. Serum lipid, lipoprotein [low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)] and apoprotein (Apo) levels, as well as ultracentrifugally obtained VLDL apo subfractions and serum carnitine were compared between the two groups, which enabled us to rule out various factors inherent to uremic state and present in both groups. The HTG group of patients, who showed (by definition) significantly elevated TG (300 +/- 167 mg/dL v 123 +/- 30 mg/dL in NTG) and VLDL levels, concomitantly showed significantly increased serum total cholesterol (P less than .001) and LDL (P less than .001), and significantly decreased apo AI/apo B, or an index of risk of atherogenesis (P less than .05). Serum apo CII (7.3 +/- 3.3 mg/dL v 3.6 +/- 1.0 mg/dL in NTG), apo E (4.8 +/- 2.8 mg/dL v 2.9 +/- 1.3 mg/dL) and VLDL/serum apo CII (38 +/- 18 v 22 +/- 12), ie, the amount of VLDL covered by a unit of apo CII, were elevated in the HTG compared with the NTG group of patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical experience of a subcutaneously implantable drug delivery catheter (PORT-A-CATH)].

A drug delivery catheter system with subcutaneously implantable port, PORT-A-CATH, was applied for intra-arterial, intravenous and intraperitoneal chemotherapy and hyperalimentation in treating 99 cancer patients. The average implantation period was 135.1 days and this system was applied for more than one year in 5 cases. Any troubles due to port or catheter materials were not observed during the study. Catheter occlusion occurred in 11 cases infection in 7 (catheter-related infection 4, pocket infection 3), and skin necrosis in 4. This system was proved useful to reduce the risk of infection and enabled easy and safe long-term repeated administration, compared to the catheters with external end. Intra-arterial chemotherapy became possible to the outpatients with the use of this system, which seemed to contribute for the improvement of quality of life of the patients.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical evaluation of cisplatin in children with malignant solid tumors. Pediatric Cisplatin Study Group].

A cooperative multicenter clinical study on cisplatin in children with malignant solid tumors was conducted in seventeen institutions. Of 63 children entered into the study, 18 patients were treated with cisplatin alone, 33 with a VCAP regimen (VCR, CPA, ADM and CDDP) and 12 with other combination regimens. The numbers of evaluable patients were 14, 27 and 7, respectively. Response rates for neuroblastoma were 37.5% (3/8) with cisplatin alone and 79.2% (19/24) for the VCAP regimen. Major adverse effects were gastrointestinal symptoms, bone marrow suppression and renal impairment. Hearing difficulty, electrolyte imbalance and transient elevation of transaminase were also observed. However, these adverse effects were within a tolerable range of severity. The results of this study demonstrate that cisplatin is a useful drug in the treatment of neuroblastoma.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Fractionation and isolation of heparan sulfates using poly-L-lysine-Sepharose.

A simple procedure for the isolation of heparan sulfates from pig lung using a poly-L-lysine-Sepharose column is described. Glycosaminoglycans are absorbed on poly-L-lysine-Sepharose at pH 7.5 and eluted with an NaCl linear gradient in the following order: hyaluronic acid (0.32 M NaCl), chondroitin (0.36 M NaCl), keratan sulfate (0.80 M NaCl), chondroitin 4-sulfate (0.86 M NaCl), chondroitin 6-sulfate (0.95 M NaCl), dermatan sulfate (0.91 M NaCl), heparan sulfate (1.2 M NaCl), and heparin (1.35 M NaCl). Based on these observations, isolation of heparan sulfate from pig lung crude heparan sulfate fractions which contain chondroitin sulfates and dermatan sulfate was attempted, using this chromatographic technique.

Animals↗