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Biomedical subjects

A Kodama

Publications and source records attributed to A Kodama.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Effect of atmospheric pressure on hearing in patients with Menière's disease.

Hearing in patients with Menière's disease improved when they were treated in an underpressure chamber. In this study 46 patients with neurotological diseases, including 32 cases of Menière's disease, were tested in an overpressure chamber. As a result, hearing in 32% of the patients with Menière's disease improved, although this was lower than the 50% rate of improvement in Menière's disease patients tested in an underpressure chamber.

Atmosphere Exposure Chambers↗
PubMed1994

Equilibrium of inner and middle ear pressure.

Global balance of inner and middle ear pressure is controlled by the cerebrospinal fluid inside and the atmospheric pressure outside. The cochlear and vestibular aqueducts and the Eustachian tube, connected by a one-way communication, provide a fine control over inner and middle ear pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Two additional cases of acute myeloid leukemia with t(7;11)(p15;p15) having low neutrophil alkaline phosphatase scores.

We report two additional patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and a translocation between chromosomes 7 and 11: t(7;11)(p15;p15). One patient was diagnosed as having AML-M2 and the other as AML with myelofibrosis. Both patients had low-level neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) scores. In the literature, only 15 AML patients with t(7;11)(p15;p15) have been reported; nine of them had an AML-M2 morphology, and all had a decreased NAP score. Moreover, mean survival of the reported AML patients with t(7;11)(p15;p15) was 15 months, although 85% of them obtained complete remission, indicating that this type of leukemia frequently tends to relapse. These findings indicate a strong association between the chromosome abnormality and hematologic manifestations of this disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Isolation and characterization of a high molecular weight type IV collagenase isolated from human carcinoma tissue.

A proform of high molecular weight type IV collagenase was isolated and purified 1230-fold from human metastatic carcinoma tissue. Like matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), the enzyme was activated by trypsin and degraded type IV collagen and gelatin at a neutral pH, the activity was inhibited by EDTA and o-phenanthroline. However, the molecular weight was much higher than MMPs which degraded type IV collagen, gelatinase A (MMP-2; 72 kDa gelatinase/type IV collagenase) (EC 3.4.24.24), gelatinase B (MMP-9; 92 kDa gelatinase/type IV collagenase) (EC 3.4.24.35), stromelysin-1 (MMP-3; 57 kDa) (EC 3.4.24.17) and stromelysin-2 (MMP-10; 57 kDa) (EC 3.4.24.22). The other significant difference from MMPs was that the enzyme was not activated by 4-aminophenylmercuric acetate nor inhibited by TIMP. Taking together these results, this high molecular weight type IV collagenase might be a newly found enzyme different from MMPs or might have the same configuration as MMPs already reported.

Collagen↗
PubMed1993

Secondary antibody response to Haemophilus somnus antigen in breeding Japanese black cattle fed selenium-deficient and alpha-tocopherol-fortified diets.

The cattle with adequate alpha-tocopherol (Vit E) and marginally deficient selenium (Se) status manifested significantly lower anti-Haemophilus somnus antibody titer than the cattle supplemented with Se in the later stage of an 8-week trial. However, in the early stage no difference was observed in magnitude of anti-H. somnus antibody development between them. These results suggested that Se may contribute to anti-H. somnus antibody production, and that Vit E can make up for Se deficiency to a certain degree.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Application of CT simulation system to stereotactic radiosurgery--experimental study in phantoms].

Stereotactic radiosurgery with linear accelerator requires accurate localization of target and accurate spatial delivery of radiation. In phantom study, geometric accuracy of radiosurgery was assessed in combination of CT simulation system (CTSS), which had been developed in our institute, and linear accelerator with supplemental collimator. After determination of target and its isocenter with CTSS, phantom was placed on treatment table so that isocenter meet at the intersection of mechanical axes (gantry, turn table). Displacement of the isocenter from the center of the radiation field was 1 mm in average. It was concluded that this combination could be applied to radiosurgery.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1992

Trisomy of chromosome 8 in myelodysplastic syndrome. Significance of the fluctuating trisomy 8 population.

Chromosome analyses were performed in five patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) who showed trisomy of chromosome 8 during the course of their disease. Four of these patients showed trisomy 8 at the diagnosis of MDS, and the remaining one had trisomy 8 when the leukemia phase developed. The proportion of bone marrow (BM) cells with trisomy 8 in the four patients who showed trisomy 8 at MDS diagnosis fluctuated, and this fluctuation was not related to the percentage of blasts in the BM or to progression of the disease. However, in two patients, metaphase cells with trisomy 8 disappeared when their anemic state improved, although leuko-thrombocytopenia was still present, suggesting that the decrease in the number of BM cells with trisomy 8 reflects hematologic features in some MDS patients. These findings indicate that trisomy 8 in our MDS patients was possibly not the primary event in the genesis of the disease, and that there may have been competition between a normal karyotype clone and a trisomy-8-positive clone. Our results further suggest that the presence of a clone with trisomy 8 is not always a sign of disease progression or of poor prognosis in MDS patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Double 20q- anomaly in myelodysplastic syndrome.

Two patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) whose bone marrow (BM) cells contained duplicate 20q- chromosomes are reported. No particular differences between the hematologic findings of four patients with single 20q- and the two patients with double 20q- chromosomes were noted. No differences in breakpoints on the 20q- chromosome were noted in these six patients, and the breakpoint was identified as 20q11. The presence of double 20q- chromosomes in MDS patients suggests, however, that the deleted chromosome has oncogenic activity.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Systemic and cutaneous plasmacytosis with multiple skin lesions and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia: significant serum interleukin-6 levels.

We report two patients who developed benign plasmacytosis with multiple skin lesions. The cases were characterized by hyperplasia of mature plasma cells, and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia. One patient had hyperplasia of mature plasma cells not only in the skin, but also extensively in lymph nodes and the retroperitoneal areas around the ureters. The other had plasma cell hyperplasia limited to the skin. Extensive investigations failed to reveal any clinical or laboratory evidence suggesting the presence of any underlying disease accompanying the hypergammaglobulinaemia and/or plasma cell proliferation, such as chronic infectious disease, collagen disease or other chronic inflammatory disorder. Clinically and histologically, the first patient showed features compatible with a diagnosis of systemic plasmacytosis and the second with a diagnosis of cutaneous plasmacytosis. Significant serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were detected in both patients, suggesting that IL-6 may be involved in the pathogenesis of these conditions.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1991

[Histopathological study of the esophageal injury induced by high-dose-rate intracavitary irradiation].

The histopathological responses of the rabbit esophagus to high-dose-rate intracavitary irradiation were investigated. After 5, 10 or 15 Gy irradiation using a remote afterloading system, the rabbits were sacrificed on different occasions. The esophagus was excised from each animal and examined histopathologically. Esophageal ulcer was observed 7 to 28 days after the irradiation of the highest dose. Edema and cell infiltration in the lamina propria proceeded mucosal changes like ulcer. Chronic injuries such as mucosal necrosis were seen at 6 months.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Involvement of cellular calcium incorporated from the medium in production of inositol trisphosphate in A-431 cells.

The property of intensive 45Ca2+ uptake by A-431 human epidermoidal carcinoma cells was indicated to be an influx, not binding to the cell surface, since the two apparent dissociation constants (Kd) between 45Ca2+ and cells were almost the same when measured in either the presence or absence of 1 mM [ethylenebis (oxyethylenenitrilo)]tetraacetic acid (EGTA); these constants were approximately 5-10 x 10(-6) and 1 x 10(-4) M, respectively, which are much higher than the chelating constant of EGTA for Ca2+ (approximately 10(-11) M). Furthermore, addition of A23187, a calcium ionophore, rapidly released the 45Ca2+ incorporated into cells at both 37 degrees C and 0 degrees C. The 45Ca2+ associated with the cells was slowly released or exchanged when cells were incubated in medium depleted of Ca2+, or in that containing 1 mM non-radioactive Ca2+. The ability of A-431 cells to respond to extracellular ATP by elevating their level of intracellular calcium ions, as well as by producing inositol trisphosphate (InsP3), was suppressed in cells depleted of cellular calcium. These data suggest that calcium ions are extensively incorporated or exchanged with those outside the cells, maintained as stored calcium, and involved in production of InsP3, when A-431 cells are stimulated by ATP to trigger the signal transduction system.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1991

[The thickness and the pathological findings of the tympanic membranes in otitis media with effusion--a pathological study of the temporal bone].

The purpose of this study is to examine the relation of the grade of the inflammation of the middle ear and the pathological findings of the tympanic membranes using human serial horizontal sections from 16 temporal bones with otitis media with effusion. As controls, we used 96 normal temporal bones. The results were as follows. 1) In cases with a lot of inflammation cells in the middle ear effusion, there were seen much pathological changes in the epidermal layer and the intermediate layer. 2) In the pars flaccida and the posterior point of the malleus handle were noted remarkable changes. 3) The greater part of the cells of the middle ear effusion was neutrophils.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[A case of bilateral sudden hearing loss and vertigo caused by bilateral temporal bone metastasis from pancreatic carcinoma--comparison of clinical findings and temporal bone pathological findings].

We report temporal bone pathology in a 25-year-old man with bilateral temporal bone adenocarcinoma which was caused by metastasis from a primary lesion in the pancreas. The initial symptoms began with vertigo and headache and the patient noticed left hearing loss in the left ear on the following day. A few days later, he noticed hearing loss in the right ear, and bilateral hearing was totally lost within two weeks of the onset. In addition to severe bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, left IInd, bilateral Vth and VIIIth cranial nerve paralysis occurred. Brain CT showed multiple metastatic lesions in the brain. The patient's general condition rapidly deteriorated, and he died of acute pneumonia on the 42nd day after onset. At autopsy it was revealed adenocarcinoma of the tail and body of the pancreas and its metastasis to the brain and meninges. Pathological study of the temporal bone showed infiltration of carcinomatous cells along the VIIth and VIIIth nerves in the bilateral internal auditory canals.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Epidemiologic and clinicopathologic studies of partial hydatidiform mole].

To determine the epidemiological and clinicopathological characteristics of partial hydatidiform mole (PHM), a comparative study of PHM and complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) was performed in molar patients who were entered in the regional registry of Niigata Prefecture and/or who were admitted for treatment at Niigata University Hospital. The results obtained are as follows. 1. From 1971 to 1988, 2,290 hydatidiform moles (HMs) were documented in the registry. The incidence of HM was annually decreasing with an almost constant ratio to the total number of pregnancies. Since 1986, the number of PHM was rising with an inverse decrease in CHM. One hundred fifty one of 1,923 CHM (7.9%) had persistent trophoblastic disease (PTD), but on the other hand only 6 of 367 cases PHM (1.6%) had. 2. In 275 patients treated in our hospital from 1971 to 1990, 134 of 240 with CHM (55.8%) and 6 of 35 with PHM (17.1%) experienced PTD. Of 6 PTD patients following PHM, 3 had invasive mole, 1 metastatic mole and 2 post molar persistent hCG, but no choriocarcinoma. 3. The recent study of DNA analysis in molar tissue revealed that one case, which had been diagnosed as PHM, coexisted with CHM and non-molar pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A sandwich type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)/cyclin using monoclonal antibodies.

Three hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies to proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)/cyclin were newly derived. The specificity of established monoclonal antibodies to PCNA, TOB7, TO17 and TO30, was compared with that of the previously reported PCNA-specific monoclonal antibodies, 19A2 and 19F4. TOB7, TO17 and TO30 reacted with purified PCNA in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A 34 kDa PCNA polypeptide was noted by immunoblotting, the same polypeptide as recognized by 19A2 and 19F4. Epitopes recognized by all those monoclonal antibodies to PCNA were analyzed by competitive inhibition tests using ELISA. The results of those experiments suggested that the epitope recognized by TO17 and TO30 was almost identical to that of 19A2 and closely related to that of 19F4, but different from that of TOB7. Based on those results, a sandwich type ELISA for detection of PCNA was developed using TO17 and TOB7. This system was applied to measure the concentration of PCNA in normal peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) before and after stimulation by phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and in tissue extracts from rabbit kidney and thymus (RKE and RTE, respectively). Before mitogenic stimulation, the PCNA concentration in PBL extracts was less than 6 ng/ml (cell concentration 2.5 x 10(7)/ml), but at 48 h after PHA stimulation, when more than 70% of cells were in S phase, its concentration became 1280 ng/ml. RTE which contained many proliferative lymphocytes had much higher concentration of PCNA than RKE. Those results suggested that sandwich type ELISA using TO17 and TOB7 was useful as the quantitative assay to detect blast-transformation and proliferation of cells in vivo.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

A new electrophoretic variant of alpha subunit of Na+/K(+)-ATPase from the submandibular gland of rats.

The alpha catalytic subunits of Na+/K(+)-ATPase were isolated from the kidney and brain of rats (alpha 1 and alpha 2, respectively). The antisera raised against these subunits were used as probes to analyze the isoform of catalytic subunits of Na+/K(+)-ATPase in various tissues of rats. Of 27 rat tissues examined, most had a catalytic subunit identical to alpha 1 but some, such as the nervous and muscle tissues, had both alpha 1 and alpha 2 isoforms as judged by their reactivities to antisera and their electrophoretic mobility. We found that the submandibular gland contained a new electrophoretic variant of immunoreactive alpha subunit (designated alpha(S) in this report) in addition to alpha 1 identical to those found in kidney and brain. The new variant, alpha(S), strongly cross-reacted with anti-alpha 1 antiserum, but to a lesser extent with anti-alpha 2 antiserum. The alpha(S) had a molecular mass which was found to be slightly less (approx. 90 kDa) than brain and kidney alpha 1. We examined whether or not the alpha(S) is formed by proteolytic cleavage of alpha subunits during preparation and concluded that this is not the case. The alpha(S) reacted with [gamma-32P]ATP, resulting in the formation of radioactive alpha subunit which was stabilized by 2 mM ouabain but which was labile in the presence of 70 mM potassium chloride. Since N-terminal amino acid sequence of alpha(S) protein [G()DKY()PAAVS] corresponds exactly and uniquely with the sequence of the alpha 1 chain between residues 1 and 11, it is very probable that alpha(S) protein originated from alpha 1 protein following the post-translational processing.

Amino Acid Sequence↗