Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Kapoor

Publications and source records attributed to A Kapoor.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effects of once-daily benazepril therapy on exercise tolerance and manifestations of chronic congestive heart failure. The Benazepril Heart Failure Study Group.

The effects of the long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor benazepril hydrochloride on exercise tolerance and signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure (CHF) were evaluated in a double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Patients with chronic New York Heart Association class II to IV symptoms of CHF and an ejection fraction by radionuclide scanning of less than or equal to 35% were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to treatment with ascending doses of oral benazepril (n = 114) or placebo (n = 58) once daily, while continuing to receive background therapy with digoxin and diuretics. After randomization, patients were evaluated clinically every 2 weeks during a 12-week, double-blind treatment period. Maximal exercise tolerance was measured before and at specified time points after randomization by graded treadmill exercise testing. At week 12, mean exercise time increased 95 +/- 12 (SEM) seconds in the group receiving benazepril, whereas the increase was 37 +/- 18 seconds in the group receiving placebo (p less than 0.01 for the difference between the groups). There was also greater improvement in overall clinical status and in the signs and symptoms of CHF in benazepril-treated patients than in control subjects. There were 3 deaths in placebo-treated patients and none in benazepril-treated patients (p less than 0.05); the overall incidence of adverse effects was identical in the 2 groups. Benazepril is a well-tolerated angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that provides clinically important improvement in exercise tolerance and in signs and symptoms when given once daily to patients with CHF receiving background therapy with digoxin and a diuretic.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Visualization of myocardial cellular architecture using acoustic microscopy.

The resolution of an ultrasound transducer depends on its frequency. The resolution improves when higher frequency transducers are used. A 1000 MHz transducer has a resolution of approximately 1 micron. Acoustic microscopy utilizes very high-frequency ultrasound (600 to 1000 MHz) to visualize structures on a microscopic level. Unstained, deparaffinized, 5 microns sections of myocardial biopsy specimens from 10 patients were placed on a slide and imaged using an Olympus UH3 scanning acoustic microscope. To compare with light microscopy, the section used for acoustic microscopy was subsequently stained with hematoxylin and eosin and a serial section from the paraffin block was stained with PTAH stain. Myocytes, myofibrils, and interstitial tissue were accurately imaged. Pathologic phenomena such as cell fallout, interstitial fibrosis, and lymphocytic infiltration were identified by acoustic microscopy. Intramural vessels, nuclei of endothelial cells, and the media were clearly identified by this technique. There was close correlation between findings by acoustic microscopy and light microscopy. Acoustic microscopy permitted the visualization of cardiac cellular detail with a resolution similar to that of light microscopy. Unlike light microscopy, acoustic microscopy requires no staining of the specimen.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1986

Construction of genomic libraries of mycobacterial origin: identification of recombinants encoding mycobacterial-specific proteins.

A complete genomic library from Mycobacterium vaccae (2785 recombinants) and a partial genomic library of M. leprae and BCG (300 and 1750 clones, respectively) were constructed in the plasmid pBR322. Bam HI was selected as the restriction endonuclease for obtaining DNA cleavage products. Evidence was obtained for limited expression of the cloned mycobacterial DNA inserts in Escherichia coli. A recombinant has been identified which codes for antigen immunoreactive with rabbit anti-M. leprae antibody but not with anti-H37Rv antibody.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1985

Treatment of osteoporosis with calcitonin, with and without growth hormone.

A 24 month randomized parallel study of the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with calcitonin alone v calcitonin alternating with growth hormone (combined treatment) was conducted. Each group received 1000 mg daily of oral calcium supplements. The rate of change in total body calcium for the combined and calcitonin groups was + 1.68%/yr and + 1.33/yr, respectively (P less than .05). However, the difference in the two groups was not statistically significant. Further, the total body calcium level did not increase after 12 to 18 months of treatment. There was significant difference in the rates of change of bone mineral content (BMC) of the radius for the two groups, with a loss of BMC in the combined treatment group (F = 4.80, P less than .05). Calcitonin treatment is effective in producing an increment in bone mass. The addition of growth hormone to this regimen appears to have a deleterious effect on cortical bone mass.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Synthesis and catalytic activity of poly-L-histidyl-L-aspartyl-L-seryl-glycine.

Poly(His-Asp-Ser-Gly) was synthesized from the fully protected tetrapeptide active ester hydrochloride, which was prepared by stepwise coupling, using pentachlorophenyl ester and mixed anhydride methods. Complete deprotection of the protected tetrapeptide polymer was achieved by using 90% trifluoroacetic acid. The free polymer was dialyzed for 24 hr using a membrane (which retains molecules with molecular weights greater than 5000). The catalytic activity was determined by studying the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl acetate in 0.2 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at 37 degrees. The catalytic coefficient of the dialyzed polymer was found to be 138 liters/mole/min.

Catalysis↗
PubMed1981

Changes in body composition following therapy of osteoporosis with methandrostenolone.

A two compartment, double-blind, randomized, parallel study was performed comparing methandrostenolone with placebo in the treatment of osteoporosis. The duration of the study was 24 mo. Dependent parameters included total body calcium (TBCa), measured by neutron activation analysis: bone mineral content of the radius (BMC), measured by photon absorptiometry; and total body potassium (TBK), measured by total body counting. A significant increase in TBK occurred in the treated group, primarily in the first 6 mo; thereafter the TBK remained fairly constant. No significant changes in bone mass occurred, except the 6 mo TBCa measurement increased by 11 grams for the methandrostenolone group and decreased by 6 grams for the placebo group (p = .05). Other evidence also suggests that anabolic steroids may not produce sustained uncoupling of bone formation and bone resorption in osteoporosis. If methandrostenolone is capable of producing an increment in bone mass in osteoporosis, it was not readily observable with the sensitivity of the techniques employed in this study

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Significance of haematuria in hypertensive patients.

Of 409 patients attending a clinic for control of hypertension, 74 (18%) were found to have haematuria, and all those with haematuria had significant renal impairment. The association of raised serum IgA levels and HLA BW35 in these patients suggests that some have the adult form of the IgA/C3 disease described in children.

Adult↗