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Biomedical subjects

A Johansen

Publications and source records attributed to A Johansen.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Gastroduodenal polyps in familial polyposis coli.

A total of 26 patients with familial polyposis coli without extracolonic manifestations were examined by gastroduodenoscopy. Histologically verified polyps were found in 18 patients (69 percent, 95 percent confidence limits 48-86). Gastric adenoma was diagnosed in one patient, fundic gland polyposis in six patients, and duodenal adenomas in 12 patients. It is concluded that the incidence of gastroduodenal polyps is independent of the clinical presence of other extracolonic manifestations. It is advisable that polyposis patients should be followed with gastroduodenoscopy and biopsy of polyps.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

Postoperative survival of patients with potentially curable cancer of the colon.

The association between histopathologic findings and postoperative survival in 442 patients with potentially curable carcinomas of the colon has been analyzed using Cox's regression model. The prognostic variables included in the study were age, sex, stage of disease according to Dukes' classification and Broders' grading, as well as presence/absence at the time of operation of venous and nerve invasion. The overall five-year postoperative survival rate was 46.6 percent. Using a model including all prognostic factors, sex and Dukes' classification were not found to be associated with survival. Broders' grading and/or nerve invasion yielded only a borderline statistical significance in the model that included all factors. The invasion of veins was almost always associated with invasion of nerves.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Complexed autoantibodies in patients with juvenile connective tissue diseases, isolated by rate-zonal ultracentrifugation.

Selected sera from one patient with systemic lupus erythematosus, two with mixed connective tissue disease, one with dermatomyositis, one with progressive systemic sclerosis and one with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis were investigated for autoantibodies after fractionation by computerized rate-zonal ultracentrifugation. Anti-Smith antibodies sedimented in an area from 6-11 S and anti-ribonucleoprotein from 6-13 S. IgG anti-IgG and IgG antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were present in free or complexed form in the 6-13 S area. IgM ANA occurred as 7 S IgM in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and mixed connective tissue disease, whereas IgM ANA sedimented in the 19 S area in patients with dermatomyositis and progressive systemic sclerosis. Complexes containing IgG anti-IgG and ANA, positioned in the 6-13 S area are likely to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus and mixed connective tissue disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Brown bowel syndrome.

The brown bowel syndrome (BBS) is a rare disease characterized by malabsorption and accumulation of lipofuscin in the smooth muscle cells of the muscularis externa of the small intestine. Recently, we incidentally observed a case of BBS in a colon operated on because of a neoplasm. Our ultrastructural investigation, which demonstrated changes in the mitochondria, further supports the significance of mitochondrial damage in BBS.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Serum immunoglobulin sedimentation patterns and circulating immune complexes in IgA glomerulonephritis and Schönlein-Henoch nephritis.

Sera from 8 patients with IgA glomerulonephritis and from 6 patients with Schönlein-Henoch nephritis were investigated by the C1q-binding assay (C1q-BA) test and by sucrose gradient centrifugation followed by sensitive solid phase radioimmunoassay determinations of IgA, IgG and IgM in each fraction obtained. Abnormal sedimentation profiles were found in sera from 3 of 8 patients with IgA nephritis and in 3 of 6 patients with Schönlein-Henoch nephritis. The abnormal fraction consisted of low molecular weight IgA in 2 patients, IgG in 1 patient and IgM in 4 patients. The absolute level of polymeric IgA was increased in 3 of 8 patients with IgA nephritis, but the relative distribution was normal. An abnormal sedimentation pattern of immunoglobulins was correlated to a positive C1q-BA test (p less than 0.001).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Venous and nerve invasion as prognostic factors in postoperative survival of patients with resectable cancer of the rectum.

The histopathologic and clinical findings in 682 patients with carcinoma of the rectum have been analyzed. Invasion of veins and nerves by primary growth was found in 38.9 and 34.9 per cent, respectively. The five-year survival rate for patients with resectable tumors was 49 per cent. The age, Dukes' staging, and presence and/or absence of liver metastases, of venous invasion, and of nerve invasion were found to be of statistically significant importance for the prognosis. Sex was found to be on the borderline of significance and Broders' grading was even less significant. Invasion of veins was found statistically significant more frequently than nerve invasion, but the present investigation revealed the importance of the invasion of veins as well as of nerves. When venous invasion was observed, liver metastases developed over three times as frequently in these patients as when metastases were not demonstrated. In contrast to Dukes' staging. Broders' grading can be applied to tumor biopsies preoperatively. The importance of venous and nerve invasion for the selection of patients for adjuvant therapy after termination of surgical treatment is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

The significance of antinuclear antibodies in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis associated with chronic bilateral iridocyclitis.

Serum samples from 8 children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and chronic bilateral iridocyclitis were significantly distinguished from 5 children with JRA and no eye symptoms by the presence of large immune complexes (IC) greater than 22S, IgM antinuclear antibodies (ANA), IgG granulocyte-specific (GS-) ANA, C3 fixing ANA, and IgM anti-IgG. One serum with and two sera without IC greater than 22S, all from patients with iridocyclitis, were fractionated by rate zonal ultracentrifugation. Each fraction relevant for the study was separately concentrated and reexamined. In one of the sera without IC greater than 22S this technique exposed the presence of IgA GS-ANA not detectable in the corresponding whole serum. IgG ANA were precipitated in an area with higher molecular weight than the one for IgG indicating the presence of aggregated IgG ANA. Fractionation of the serum with IC greater than 22S demonstrated IgM GS-ANA not present in whole serum. The results support previous suggestions that ANA may be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic iridocyclitis and may explain why ANA (in particular C3 fixing ANA) negative patients with JRA rarely develop chronic iridocyclitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract. A histopathological review of 34 cases.

Thirty-four cases of malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas of gastro-intestinal origin were histopathologically reviewed employing Rapaport's (18) classification. The majority of the tumours, 25, were localized to the stomach. The rest of the lesions occurred with decreasing frequency throughout the gastro-intestinal tract, with the exception of 3 rectal cases. Thirty lymphomas displayed a purely diffuse pattern, 1 was purely nodular, and 3 were nodular with diffuse components. "Histiocytic" lymphoma was the commonest type, including 16 cases; poorly differentiated lymphocytic type next, with 10 cases. The histopathology of this series does not differ from those of comparable studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

A comparison of the effects of HP 549 (Isoxepac), indomethacin and acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) on gastric mucosa in man.

To determine the reaction of the gastric mucosa to HP 549 (isoxepac) an oxo-dibenz-oxepine derivative of acetic acid and new non-steroidal antiphlogistic agent in comparison with standard drugs, 12 healthy volunteers received 3 g of Aspirin, 150 mg of indomethacin, or 600 mg of HP 549 (isoxepac) in a double-blind cross-over trial. Before and after each treatment period, all subjects underwent gastroscopy with biopsy of gastric mucosa. The subjects recorded complaints (side effects) before and after each treatment period. Aspirin produced significantly more gross mucosal changes at endoscopy. There was no significant difference between isoxepac and indomethacin. Both produced very few gastric mucosal changes and there were few subjective complaints.

Acetates↗
PubMed1980

Precancerous conditions and epithelial dysplasia in the stomach.

A distinction can be made between a precancerous condition and a precancerous lesion. The former is a clinical state associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer, whereas a precancerous lesion is a histopathological abnormality in which cancer is more likely to occur than in its apparently normal counterpart. Up to the present time atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer, pernicious anaemia, gastric stumps, gastric polyps, and Ménétrier's disease have all been considered as precancerous conditions and lesions of the stomach. Of these, only atrophic gastritis, pernicious anaemia, gastric stumps, and certain types of gastric polyp can now be regarded as having any really significant malignant potential. The precancerous lesion common to these is epithelial dysplasia which can occur in ordinary (foveolar) gastric epithelium as well as in intestinal metaplasia. The criteria for grading dysplasia in gastric epithelium into mild, moderate, and severe grades are given, and attention is drawn to the problems of differentiating inflammatory or regenerative change from mild dysplasia and intramucosal carcinoma from severe dysplasia. The clinical and epidemiological implications of gastric dysplasia are discussed with suggestions for further research.

Anemia, Pernicious↗
PubMed1979

Lung function in an Australian population: 2. Spirometric performance and cigarette-smoking habits.

The FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC% in 12016 females and 18 359 males were related to cigarette-smoking habits. Over all, non-smokers had significantly better lung function than cigarette smokers. Ex-smokers of either sex had significantly higher FEV1 and FEV1/FVC% than cigarette smokers, but the FVC values were higher only in females. With consumption in excess of 10 cigarettes per day, deterioration in lung function was manifest in both sexes, but was greater in males than females. The mean chronological age of males who smoked from 30 to 50 cigarettes per day was 12.9 years and 9.6 years less than would have been predicted on the basis of their FEV1 and FVC values respectively. The corresponding values in women were 9.3 years and 7.9 years respectively. Additionally, the deterioration in lung function with increasing age was greater in cigarette smokers than in non-smokers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Lung function in an Australian population: 1. Spirometric standards for non-smoking adults.

Relationships between age, height, weight and spirometry with FEV0.5, FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC are described for a sample of 6275 female and 6511 male non-smoking adults living in New South Wales. Prediction equations for ventilatory function tests are derived from non-smokers and compared with other standards that are available in a population sample of 31172 subjects. It is concluded that the standards described in this paper are more appropriate for use in Australian populations. Nomograms for predicting FEV1 and FVC in females and males are provided.

Adolescent↗