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Biomedical subjects

A Jardin

Publications and source records attributed to A Jardin.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Preservation of the bladder in transitional cell tumors infiltrating the lamina propria].

Thirty-two patients with transitional cell cancer of the bladder infiltrating the lamina propria were treated with intravesical BCG. Seventy-five percent of these patients could keep their bladder at the cost of regular BCG treatment and strict endoscopic monitoring. A better evaluation of prognostic criteria, including malignancy grade, total amount of vesical muscle removed during the initial resection and investigation for lymphatic system emboli, should help in a better selection of patients, separating those who might have recurrent infiltrative tumours from those who would benefit from a conservative treatment and offering the former a more aggressive therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Alfuzosin for treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy. The BPH-ALF Group.

To assess the long-term efficacy and safety of alfuzosin, a selective alpha 1-adrenergic antagonist, 518 symptomatic patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) were randomised to received either alfuzosin (daily dose 7.5-10 mg) or placebo for 6 months. Obstructive and irritative symptoms, assessed according to the Boyarsky scale, significantly improved in the alfuzosin group compared with the placebo group (p = 0.0004). Fewer patients in the alfuzosin group than in the placebo group dropped out due to lack of efficacy (6.8% vs 14.6%, p = 0.004) and the prevalence of spontaneous acute urine retention was lower in the alfuzosin group (0.4% vs 2.6%, p = 0.04). By 6 months, mean urinary flow rates had increased (p less than 0.05) and residual volume had decreased (p = 0.017) in the alfuzosin group, although the two groups were broadly similar with respect to increase in peak flow rate. The overall incidence of adverse events was similar in the two groups, which led to the withdrawal of 10.8% and 9.0% of patients, respectively. The findings emphasise the magnitude of the placebo response in symptomatic patients with BPH and show that treatment with alpha 1 adrenergic antagonist drugs provides long-lasting improvement in such patients.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1991

Decrease in renal vascular resistance in University of Wisconsin solution preserved kidney transplants.

Renal vascular resistance was compared in 2 groups of renal grafts: group 1-16 kidneys perfused with University of Wisconsin solution and group 2-16 kidneys perfused with Euro-Collins solution. Both groups had comparable donors and recipient criteria. Renal blood flow was measured by a miniaturized pulsed Doppler probe fixed on the graft renal artery. Renal vascular resistance was calculated either according to the formula: renal vascular resistance (mm. Hg/ml. per second) = systemic arterial pressure (P)/renal blood flow or through the renal vascular resistive index (RVRI): RVRI = systolic flow velocity - diastolic flow velocity/systolic flow velocity = (S-D)/S. Renal vascular resistance estimation seems to be more contributory than renal blood flow in assessment of renal graft reperfusion disorders. Our results show that University of Wisconsin solution seems to preserve intrarenal arterial caliber better with a decrease in intrarenal vascular resistance, thus, allowing for a higher arterial graft perfusion flow.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1991

[Histologic identification of the afferent fibers of the pelvic plexus].

The inferior hypogastric (pelvic) plexus conveys two types of fibres: sympathetic fibres originating in the thoracolumbar sympathetic chain and parasympathetic fibers originating in the sacral anterior rami. By using a histofluorescent stain (glyoxalic acid) and a histochemical stain (thiocholine) in 17 fresh cadavres, we have demonstrated that the sympathetic fibres arise from sacral sympathetic ganglia. These fibres participate in the constitution of the pelvic splanchnic nerves. In this study, we confirm that the inferior roots of the pelvic plexus are not only parasympathetic, but also sympathetic.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1991

[Félix Guyon].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Female Urogenital Diseases↗
PubMed1990

A general practitioner multicenter study: fosfomycin trometamol single dose versus pipemidic acid multiple dose.

In order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fosfomycin trometamol as single dose oral treatment for acute cystitis in women, an open, multicenter comparative study was carried out in general practices in France, 386 women, aged 16 to 75 years, with clinical symptoms of acute cystitis were enrolled in the study to receive either a single 3 g oral dose of fosfomycin trometamol or a five-day course of 400 mg pipemidic acid twice daily. The diagnosis of cystitis was based on clinical symptoms and significant bacteriuria (greater than or equal to 10(5) cfu/ml midstream urine). Follow-up examinations were carried out five to ten and 28 days after the end of treatment, 289 and 244 patients, respectively, were available for clinical and bacteriological evaluation at short-term (five to ten days) and medium-term (28 days) post-treatment follow-up. Both regimens were comparable for clinical and bacteriological efficacy with short-term eradication rates of 122/146 in the fosfomycin trometamol group and 130/143 in the pipemidic acid group. The results of medium-term follow-up were 113/122 and 114/122 for the eradication rates of the respective groups. Both drugs were well tolerated. Side effects were mild and of significantly shorter duration in the fosfomycin trometamol group.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney in adults and transplantation].

Seventy-six patients with polycystic kidneys were followed in the Bicêtre renal transplantation unit. Fifty four were transplanted. Fifty two nephrectomies were performed in these patients essentially because of the size of the kidney and for renal infections. Fifty four patients were transplanted at a mean of 44 years. The actuarial survival of the patients at one year and at three years was 92% and 88% and the actuarial survival of the grafts at one year and at five years was 87% and 71%. These results are comparable to those obtained in other patients transplanted in the unit. Pre-transplantation nephrectomy and the patient's age do not aggravate the prognosis. Nephrectomy may be justified in these patients when they must be transplanted as transplantation currently gives very good results.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Harvesting multiple organs].

The development of organ transplants is limited by the shortage of organs. The improvement of this situation depends on two factors: increased awareness by the general public that refraining from refusing the removal of organs from the body of a patient with brain death is the most modern form of solidarity; and increased awareness by the medical profession that removal of organs should be proposed for every patient with brain death and that adequate resuscitative techniques should be used to preserve the organs in these patients. When the decision to harvest organs is taken, the transplant specialists must decide whether an organ should be used or not. Advances have been made in preservation techniques but are still insufficient to allow a reduction in immunosuppression. The UW solution is a major advance for liver, kidney and pancreas transplants. During harvesting, the separation of the vascular pedicles requires a good knowledge of surgical anatomy. Furthermore, the needs of the other surgical groups should be taken into account and concessions made to allow the harvesting of the greatest possible number of organs and consequently the treatment of the largest number of patients awaiting organs.

Brain Death↗
PubMed1990

[Computer-assisted prostate reconstruction].

The authors report a technique of computer assisted three-dimensional reconstruction using the information obtained from serial sections collected on a digitalizing table. This reconstruction was performed with a popular personal computer: Macintosh. This technique was applied to the reconstruction of the animal prostate.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of PT1 tumors of the bladder using transurethral resection and intravesical immunotherapy].

Twenty-six patients with a PT1 urothelial bladder tumour were treated by transurethral resection and endovesical BCG. The authors compared previously untreated patients with patients with a history of bladder tumour present for an average of 4.6 years. The results of this study show that 72% of bladders in the first group were preserved compared with 53% in the second group. 45% of patients in whom the tumour invaded the superficial lamina propria developed a recurrence compared with 100% of tumours with invasion of the deep lamina propria. 25% of patients who developed a recurrence died in the course of this study.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of mucosal bladder leucocyte subpopulations in patients treated with intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin.

Immunohistochemical techniques were used to investigate leucocyte subpopulations in the bladders of patients with superficial transitional cell carcinoma treated with BCG Pasteur. Leucocyte subsets were enumerated with a panel of monoclonal antibodies which included CD3, CD4, CD8, TQ1, Leu7, CD15, HLA-DR, CD25, CD22. We demonstrated in the bladders of patients treated with BCG a particular lymphocyte population; the major subset was an inducer (CD4+, TQ1-) which was activated (CD25+, HLA-DR+) and associated with polymorphonuclear eosinophils. There was neither inducer of suppression nor major cytotoxic/suppressive subsets. CD8+ and NK cells could not be the primary mediators of BCG activity. These data supported the hypothesis of a helper T lymphocyte activity associated with lymphokine production and activation of effector killer cells.

BCG Vaccine↗
PubMed1989

Anatomical basis of whole pancreas transplantation.

Combined liver and whole pancreas procurement is feasible provided that anatomical variations of the hepatic a. are kept in mind and recognised. In case of a single middle hepatic a., the pancreas can be procured with the celiac axis and the superior mesenteric a. The liver is harvested with all its artery. In case of a left hepatic a., the liver should have the celiac axis, the left and the middle hepatic a. The pancreas is harvested with the superior mesenteric a. on which the splenic a. will be implanted, provided that the dorsal pancreatic a. is really coming from the splenic a. In case of a right hepatic a., the liver is procured with the middle hepatic a., the right hepatic a. and the superior mesenteric a. The pancreas will have the celiac axis, the common hepatic a. with the gastroduodenal branch and the splenic a.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Value of antegrade ureteral dilation for late ureter obstruction in renal transplants.

We report on eight kidney-allografted patients treated for delayed ureteral obstruction between January 1986 and January 1987. In all cases, standard endourological dilation was performed using a balloon catheter, and this was followed by insertion of a pigtail stent. All eight cases showed improvement 1 month after dilation (decrease in creatinine and caliceal dilation). At 6 months, renal function had deteriorated in six patients but remained good in two. One of the six patients was redilated with apparently good results. The remaining five were operated on using their own ureter. We conclude that while internal drainage helps in distinguishing between obstruction and other causes of creatinine increase, antegrade dilation is the treatment of choice for delayed ureteral obstruction.

Catheterization↗