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Biomedical subjects

A Hoffmann

Publications and source records attributed to A Hoffmann.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Synthetic inhibitors of serine proteinases. 35. Inhibition action of amidino- and guanidinophenyl derivatives against hemolysis initiated by complement activation].

Selected amidino- and guanidinophenyl derivatives which have already proved to be inhibitors of serine proteinases were tested on their inhibitory effect on complement activation. To quantitate the inhibitory action the decreasing rate of haemolysis of sensitized sheep erythrocytes was recorded continuously. Compounds exerting a more or less pronounced inhibitory effect on trypsin-like proteinases turned out to have a corresponding inhibitory influence on complement-mediated haemolysis. The inhibitory effect of some amidinobenzyliden derivatives on the complement activity was markedly higher than could be expected from their general antiproteolytic efficacy. Changing the basic structure into amidinophenyl amino acid amides with strong and selective antithrombin effect completely abolished the inhibitory influence on complement.

Amidines↗
PubMed1989

[Biotransformation in patients following Depressan-induced hepatitis].

In 17 patients who more than 1 year ago had suffered from a dihydralazine induced hepatitis the biotransformation velocity was investigated and compared with a healthy control group. 15 out of the 17 patients and 5 out of the 10 volunteers are slow acetylators. All slow acetylators eliminate sulfamethazine more slowly than rapid acetylators.--The elimination of caffeine and metamizol--test substances for oxidative biotransformation reactions--was retarded in patients after dihydralazine induced hepatitis in comparison to control persons. Slow acetylators have to be controlled carefully because of their higher risk of dihydralazine induced drug hepatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Brucella clearance as a sensitive method for the detection of cross reactions of Brucella abortus with Yersinia enterocolitica 03, 06, 09 and Salmonella urbana and Salmonella abony].

Determination of the Brucella clearance rate has proved to enable assessment of Brucella immune reaction in rat, even after vaccination with Yersiniae and Salmonellae. Vaccination with Yersinia (Y.) enterocolitica O6 and O9 produced 95 per cent of "high responders", whereas 65 per cent of "high responders" and 25 per cent of "non-responders" were recorded in the wake of O3. Salmonella (S.) urbana vaccination gave 50 per cent of "high responders" and 27 per cent of "non-responders", while 100 per cent "non-responders" resulted from S. dublin. Vaccination, using Brucella abortus Buck 19, gave 100 per cent "high responders". The differentiated nature of immune reactions to Y. enterocolitica O3, S. urbana, and S. abony has been attributed to an individual genetic capability of reaction to the cross-reactive antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Search for projectile fragments with fractional charge in relativistic heavy ion collisions.

We measured the charge of about 35000 projectile fragments with Z > or = 5e produced by 14.5 GeV/nucleon and 200 GeV/nucleon 16O beams in a Pb target using CR39 plastic nuclear track detectors. A minimum track length of 3 mm in the detector without nuclear interaction was required. No evidence for fragments carrying a fractional charge was found.

Elementary Particle Interactions↗
PubMed1988

Psychosocial job demands of cardiac patients in Hungary.

By means of a psychosocial questionnaire we analysed 483 patients in an ischaemic heart disease group and 101 patients in a prosthetic heart-valve group. The aim of the study was to compare the social characteristics and job demands of the two groups participating in a rehabilitation program. On the basis of our investigation, a special picture could be drawn about the coronary group. In a great number of our coronary patients significant migrational and social mobility are combined. The frequency of high-school education partly completed at evening schools was higher in this group. The number of managerial white-collar workers was five times as high as in the prosthetic-valve group. Variables reflecting job demands showed significant differences between the two groups.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1988

Influence of beta-sitosterol on the fibrinolytic potential in rabbits.

Long-term treatment of rabbits with beta-sitosterol (40 mg/kg over 3 months) caused an increased fibrinolytic activity in blood, an increased fibrinolytic capacity and an enhanced plasminogen activator activity in tissue of lungs and kidneys. The 3-months lasting beta-sitosterol administration did not influence the content of plasminogen activator inhibitor, plasminogen, alpha 2-antiplasmin, antithrombin III and fibrinogen.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Metamizol-caffeine elimination in females with increased serum aminotransferase activities treated with steroidal oral contraceptives].

The elimination of caffeine from the plasma and the excretion of the major metabolites of metamizol (AnalginR) in the urine was studied in 25 women on long-term oral steroid contraceptives. Both tests allowed to draw conclusions about metabolic liver function. A steroid-induced delay of the elimination of caffeine in clinically healthy women with/without serologic elevation of aminotransferase activities was demonstrated. --We regard this as the consequence of an inhibition of the cytochrome P-450-dependent poly-functional oxidases of the P-450MC type, which was produced by oral contraceptives. The differences in the elimination of metamizol were not significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Electrical activity of the toad telencephalon during tonic immobility (animal hypnosis).

During tonic immobility obtained in toads by restraining maneuvers there was an increased incidence of waves in the 8-12 c/s range grouped in spindles, in addition to an overall power increase detected by frequency analysis. There was also abolition of phasic movements, increased firing of anti-gravity muscles, and myosis. The electrographic recordings were characteristic of a state of behavioral alert in this species, supporting the hypothesis that a certain level of information processing may occur during tonic immobility, permitting the animal to detect the moment most appropriate for flight. These changes also occurred in animals with sectioned olfactory nerves, showing that they did not depend solely on ventilatory modifications.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effect of specific antagonists on PAF-induced platelet aggregation and release of plasminogen activator.

We investigated the inhibitory effects of two synthetic phospholipids KO-286,001 and KO-286,006 on the platelet-activating factor (PAF) induced release of plasminogen activator (PA) in the isolated pig ear preparation as well as aggregation of pig platelets. The action was compared with that of the natural PAF antagonist BN 52021. The activator release induced by 5 x 10(-9) mol/l PAF was inhibited by 10(-6) mol/l KO-286,006, whereas BN 52021 and KO-286,001 had no effect. All three PAF antagonists tested inhibited the aggregation in a dose-dependent manner. Comparison of the IC50 values confirmed the considerably lower inhibitory action of BN 52021 and KO-286,001. Our results suggested that similar receptor sites are involved in both PAF activities tested and furthermore, that are species differences in the inhibition of PAF effects.

Animals↗