Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to A Gupta.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

The incidence of retinopathy of prematurity in a neonatal care unit.

In India, with advancement in neonatal care units, a large number of low-birth weight premature babies are now surviving and are at risk of developing retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). However, there are not enough reports on the incidence of ROP in this country. To determine the incidence of ROP in a prospective manner, 165 babies weighing < or = 1700 gm over a period of one year were examined. An incidence of 47.27% of ROP at the mean age of 7.21 +/- 0.3 weeks of life was detected. The maximum stage reached was stage 1 in 28 (16.97%), stage 2 in 29 (17.58%), stage 3 in 19 (11.52%) and stage 4b in 2 (1.21%) babies. Plus disease was present in 17 (10.3%) babies. Babies with lower birth weights and lower gestation age at birth had a significantly higher (p = < 0.05) incidence of ROP. However, the difference in mean birth weight and gestation age at birth for various stages of ROP was not significant (p = > 0.05). Thus, we recommend screening for all babies weighing < or = 1700 gm.

Female↗
PubMed1994

Brain stem metastasis as the only site of spread in prostate carcinoma. A case report.

Metastasis to the brain from prostate carcinoma is a rare event, having been reported in less than 5% of postmortem examinations. The incidence of cases detected antemortem is even smaller, and the incidence of brain metastasis as the only site of metastasis has been reported in only one other case. The authors present a second such case of a patient with a Stage C adenocarcinoma of the prostate that metastasized to the brain stem; this was the only site of spread.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

CD3 delta enhancer. CREB interferes with the function of a murine CD3-delta A binding factor (M delta AF).

Tissue-specific expression of the murine TCR/CD3-delta gene is regulated by multiple factors. Earlier, we reported that this gene has a tissue-specific enhancer at its 3' end that consists of two cis-acting elements, M delta A and M delta B. This study demonstrates that at least two independent factors bind to the 22 nucleotide long M delta A element. A T cell-specific factor termed M delta AF recognizes a 10-bp sequence TTCCATGACA, whereas the cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) recognizes an overlapping sequence TGACATCA. In vitro studies indicated that the 135-kDa M delta AF and the 43-kDa CREB competed for binding to the M delta A element. To test this competition in vivo, murine T cells (EL4) were cotransfected with a CREB expression plasmid and a reporter plasmid containing the M delta A element. The presence of an excess of CREB protein in the cell inhibited the CAT activity completely. This inhibitory effect of CREB could be overcome by cotransfection of an additional vector containing the somatostatin CRE site that prevented the overexpressed CREB protein from binding to the M delta A element. It is possible that the murine CD3-delta gene in T cells is regulated by the relative levels of the T cell-specific DNA binding protein M delta AF and the ubiquitous CREB in conjunction with other factors.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Occurrence of specific sterols in Pneumocystis carinii.

We have examined the sterol composition and biosynthesis of rat Pneumocystis carinii. We found a number of lipid components among the nonsaponifiable fraction that appear unique to P. carinii. These lipids are present in P. carinii purified preparations and P. carinii-infected whole lungs but absent from control lungs. They show chromatographic properties typical of sterols on GC and HPLC; they are present in free and esterified sterol fractions isolated by thin layer chromatography, they are precipitated by digitonin and they are labeled upon incubation of purified P. carinii cell suspensions with [3H] mevalonate and [3H] squalene. The finding of these sterols opens new opportunities for the identification of chemotherapeutic targets against P. carinii.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Carboxyl-terminal parathyroid hormone peptide (53-84) elevates alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin mRNA levels in SaOS-2 cells.

Previous findings in our laboratory have shown that hPTH-(53-84) stimulates alkaline phosphatase activity in dexamethasone-treated ROS 17/2.8 cells. In the present study, we examined the effects of hPTH-(53-84) and hPTH-(1-34) on the expressions of alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and collagen type I mRNA levels in the human osteosarcoma cell line SaOS-2. The effect of hPTH-(53-84) on alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin message levels was dose dependent (ANOVA, p < 0.005 and p < 0.001, respectively), with significant stimulation observed at 10 nM. Treatment with 10 nM hPTH-(53-84) for 24 h resulted in significant 2- and 1.4-fold increases in mRNA levels for alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin, respectively (p < 0.05), but had no effect on collagen type I expression. The increased alkaline phosphatase mRNA levels was associated with a 1.5-fold increase in enzyme activity (p < 0.05). In contrast, under similar incubation conditions, hPTH-(1-34) had no significant effects on alkaline phosphatase or osteocalcin mRNA levels. On the other hand, hPTH-(1-34) had dose-dependent stimulatory effects on collagen type I mRNA levels (ANOVA, p < 0.001), 10 nM hPTH-(1-34) stimulating collagen type I expression 1.6-fold (p < 0.05). The results indicate that carboxyl-terminal hPTH-(53-84) has direct and unique biologic effects in human osteoblast-like cells in culture.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1994

Intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide--a new regime for steroid-resistant minimal change nephrotic syndrome.

The treatment of steroid-resistant minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) continues to pose a therapeutic challenge. We conducted a randomised prospective controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of i.v. cyclophosphamide compared with oral cyclophosphamide in 13 children with biopsy-proven steroid-resistant MCNS. All 7 patients receiving i.v. cyclophosphamide achieved remission; this was sustained in 4 patients, while 3 relapsed. However, even these 3 patients subsequently became steroid sensitive. Of the 6 patients who received oral cyclophosphamide, 2 dropped out, 1 responded and 3 children continued to remain steroid resistant. The children who received IV cyclophosphamide had more sustained remissions, longer periods without proteinuria and fewer significant side effects; this was achieved at a lower cumulative dose.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

A simple technique for the excision of vascular malformations of the scalp.

A simple technique for the excision of vascular malformations of the scalp is described herein. Surgical excision is easily accomplished by placing hemostatic sutures all around the lesion outside the line of excision, whereby minimal blood loss is achieved. The resulting defect can be covered by a split skin graft or flap.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗
PubMed1994

Pelvic varices as a cause for pelvic pain: MRI appearance.

Pelvic venous congestion, as a cause of pelvic pain, is often overlooked. MR offers a noninvasive means of diagnosing this entity. Its appearance, as discussed, is important to recognize in patients who are referred for MR evaluation.

Adult↗